SEOSat-Ingenio
{{Use British English|date=May 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name = SEOSat-Ingenio
| image =
| image_caption =
| image_size = 290px
| mission_type = Earth observation
Optical imaging
Disaster monitoring
| operator = hisdeSAT {{cite web|url=https://www.hisdesat.es/satelites_observ-ingenio/|title=Satellite Observation Ingenio|publisher=hisdeSAT}}
| COSPAR_ID =
| SATCAT =
| website =
| mission_duration = 7 years (planned) {{cite web|url=http://www.space-airbusds.com/en/programme/ingenio-the-first-spanish-optical-earth-observation-satellite.html|title=INGENIO: the first Spanish optical Earth observation satellite|publisher=Airbus Defence and Space|access-date=22 July 2015}}
| spacecraft_bus = AstroBus-L
| manufacturer = Airbus Defence and Space
Thales Alenia Space
| dry_mass = 750 kg
| launch_mass = 830 kg
| power = 580 watts
| launch_date = 17 November 2020,
01:52:20 UTC {{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/launch-schedule/|title=Launch Schedule|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=9 November 2020 |access-date=11 November 2020}}
| launch_rocket = Vega VV17
| launch_site = Centre Spatial Guyanais, ELV
| launch_contractor = Arianespace
| last_contact = November 17, 2020 UTC
| decay_date = Launch failure, did not achieve orbit
Cause: Human Error
| orbit_reference = Geocentric orbit
| orbit_regime = Sun-synchronous orbit
| orbit_altitude = 670 km
| orbit_inclination = 98.09°
| apsis = gee
| programme = Copernicus Programme
}}
SEOSat-Ingenio (short for Spanish Earth Observation Satellite-Ingenio), was a Spanish project to produce a satellite capable of providing wide-field imagery (230 frames a day, 60 km × 60 km) ensuring a repeat cycle of 38 days at 2.5 metre panchromatic resolution and 10 metre colour resolution, from a Sun-synchronous polar orbit; it was Spain's first optical imaging satellite. The satellite was part of the Spanish Earth Observation Satellite program.{{cite web|url=https://www.wmo-sat.info/oscar/satellites/view/180|title=Satellite: SEOSat-Ingenio|publisher=World Meteorological Organization|date=14 January 2017|access-date=22 July 2017}} The mission was funded by Spain's Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology (CDTI). SEOSat-Ingenio information was to be used by various Spanish civil, institutional or government users. However, under the Copernicus Programme of the European Union, it was also accessible to other European users, as well as to the Group on Earth observation of the Global Observing System of Earth.{{Cite web|url=https://www.esa.int/Space_in_Member_States/Czech_Republic/Spanelskou_druzici_SEOSAT-Ingenio_vynese_raketa_Vega|title = Španělskou družici SEOSAT-Ingenio vynese raketa Vega|date=20 May 2019|access-date=12 November 2022|publisher=European Space Agency}}
Overview
The prime contractor was Airbus Defence and Space, Spain and some parts of the satellite was built by Thales Alenia Space.{{cite web |url=https://www.thalesgroup.com/es/content/seosat-ingenio-0?pid=1576|title=SEOSAT-Ingenio|publisher=Thales Alenia Space|date=31 October 2008|access-date=22 July 2015}} Spacecraft construction was completed in 2019.{{cite web|url=https://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/|title=Vega to take Spain's SEOSAT-Ingenio into orbit|publisher=ESA|date=20 May 2019|access-date=20 May 2019}} The primary payload was a pushbroom imager composed of a Multispectral Imager and a Panchromatic Imager.
Three Complementary Scientific Payloads were initially scheduled to be on board: SENSOSOL, The Two Towers (TTT) and Ultraviolet and Visible Atmospheric Sounder (UVAS).{{cite web|title=SEOSat - Satellite Missions|url=https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/s/seosat|access-date=2020-10-12|website=directory.eoportal.org}} However, in July 2019, Airbus and CDTI confirmed that both TTT and UVAS instruments had lost their flight opportunity.
It was originally projected to launch in 2017; launch vehicle candidates included Vega, Rockot, and PSLV.{{cite web|title=SEOSAT / INGENIO Industry day 17 November 2008 |url=http://www.cdti.es/recursos/doc/Programas/Aeronautica_espacio_retornos_industriales/Agencia_Espacial_Europea/36426_25112511200810372.pdf|date=17 November 2008|access-date=November 12, 2022}} On 17 May 2019, ESA and Arianespace signed a contract to launch SEOSat-Ingenio on a Vega rocket (VV17) from Centre Spatial Guyanais in 2020.{{cite web|title=Vega to take Spain's SEOSAT–Ingenio into orbit|url=https://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/Vega_to_take_Spain_s_SEOSAT_Ingenio_into_orbit|date=20 May 2019|access-date=12 November 2022}}
Spacecraft
The first test images of SEOSat-Ingenio were to be downlinked within two to three weeks of launch. The satellite was to be fully operational by April 2021. The SEOSat-Ingenio project cost around 200 million euros, or US$236 million.{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2020/11/16/vega-rocket-poised-for-launch-with-satellites-for-spain-and-france/|title=Vega rocket poised for launch with satellites for Spain and France|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=16 November 2020|access-date=17 November 2020}}
Another goal of the SEOSat-Ingenio project, which Spain's government kicked off in 2007, was to foster a growing Spanish space industry. About 80% of the spacecraft was manufactured in Spain, while previous Spanish government satellites were only about half-manufactured in Spain.
Launch failure
SEOSat-Ingenio was launched from the Centre Spatial Guyanais at 01:52:20 UTC on 17 November 2020 alongside the TARANIS satellite.{{cite web|last=Clark|first=Stephen |title=Live coverage: Arianespace probing "anomaly" shortly after Vega launch|publisher=Spaceflight Now|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2020/11/16/vega-vv17-mission-status-center/|access-date=2020-11-17}} The flight was planned to deploy the satellites into 2 very slightly different Sun-synchronous orbits at roughly 670 km (starting 54 minutes until 102 minutes after liftoff), before the upper stage would have re-ignited to re-enter the Earth's atmosphere.{{cite web|publisher=Arianespace|date=November 2020|title=Vega flight VV17 launch kit|url=https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/VV17-launchkit-EN2.pdf|website=arianespace.com|access-date=16 November 2020}} However, the rocket failed after launch and the mission was lost. The exact cause was the first ignition of the engine of the Avum fourth stage, a deviation of trajectory was identified, entailing the loss of the mission. Arianespace traces cause of Vega launch failure to "human error". This was the Vega rocket's second failure in seventeen missions.{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/nasaspaceflight/status/1328536815117230080|title=Status|publisher=NASASpaceflight.com|website=twitter.com|access-date=17 November 2020}}
References
{{reflist}}
{{Space program of Spain}}
{{Copernicus programme}}
{{Orbital launches in 2020}}
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