SS Valdivia (1886)
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}
| {{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image |Ship image= Vessel Valdivia.jpg |Ship caption= Valdivia in 1898 }} {{Infobox ship career |Hide header= |Ship country= |Ship flag= |Ship name= *1886: Tijuca
|Ship namesake= *1886: Tijuca |Ship owner= *1886: Hamburg Süd
|Ship operator= |Ship registry= *1886: {{flagicon|German Empire|civil}} Hamburg
|Ship route= |Ship ordered= |Ship builder= Armstrong, Mitchell & Co, Low Walker |Ship original cost= |Ship yard number= 496 |Ship laid down= |Ship launched= 28 August 1886 |Ship sponsor= |Ship completed= October 1886 |Ship maiden voyage= |Ship acquired= |Ship in service= |Ship out of service= |Ship identification= *1886: code letters RHCJ
|Ship fate= scrapped, 1927 |Ship notes= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship type= passenger ship |Ship tonnage= {{GRT|2179}}, {{NRT|1372}} |Ship displacement= |Ship length= {{cvt|309.1|ft|abbr=on}} |Ship beam= {{cvt|36.8|ft|abbr=on}} |Ship draught= |Ship depth= {{cvt|24.0|ft|abbr=on}} |Ship decks= 2 |Ship power= *1 × triple-expansion engine: |Ship propulsion= 1 × screw |Ship speed= |Ship capacity= *40 × first class
|Ship crew= 47 |Ship notes= }} |
SS Valdivia was a passenger ship that was built in England and launched in 1886 as Tijuca. She was renamed Valdivia in 1896, Tom G. Corpi in 1908 and Flandre in 1909. She had a succession of German owners until 1909, when she was bought by a French shipping company. She was scrapped in 1927.
Valdivia is the ship in which the German marine biologist Carl Chun undertook the Valdivia Expedition in 1898–99.{{cite web
|url= http://www.uni-leipzig.de/unigeschichte/professorenkatalog/leipzig/Chun_770/ |title= Prof. Dr. phil., Dr. med. h. c. Carl Chun |publisher=Leipzig University |accessdate=1 October 2016}}
This was the first of three {{lang|de|Hamburg Süd|italic=no}} ships to be named after Tijuca, a suburb of Rio de Janeiro. The second was a passenger and cargo steamship that was built for {{lang|de|Hamburg Süd|italic=no}} in 1899; seized by Brazil in 1917; and renamed {{SS|Baependy||2}}. A U-boat sank her in 1942, with great loss of life.{{sfn|Cooper|Kludas|Pein|1989|p=48}} The third was a cargo steamship that was built in 1923 as {{lang|de|Ludwigshafen}} for Norddeutscher Lloyd (NDL). {{lang|de|Hamburg Süd|italic=no}} chartered her from 1935, and bought and renamed her in 1938. She was surrendered to the United Kingdom in 1945; sold to Danish owners in 1946; renamed Marie Skou; and after a further change of owners and name; she was scrapped in 1959.{{sfn|Cooper|Kludas|Pein|1989|p=91}}
Building
Armstrong, Mitchell & Co built Tijuca in its shipyard at Low Walker as yard number 496 for Hamburg Südamerikanische DG. She was launched in 28 August 1886 and completed that October. Her registered length was {{cvt|309.1|ft|abbr=on}}, her beam was {{cvt|36.8|ft|abbr=on}} and her depth was {{cvt|24.0|ft|abbr=on}}. She had berths for 40 first class and 280 steerage class passengers,{{cite web |url= http://www.tynebuiltships.co.uk/T-Ships/tijuca1886.html |title=Tijuca |work=Tyne Built Ships |publisher=Shipping and Shipbuilding Research Trust |accessdate=26 May 2021}} and her tonnages were {{GRT|2179}} and {{NRT|1372}}.{{harvnb|Lloyd's Register of Shipping 1914|loc=[https://archive.org/details/HECROS1915ST/page/n382/mode/1up FLA–FLE]}}
The Wallsend Slipway & Engineering Company built her three-cylinder triple-expansion engine, which was rated at 265 NHP or 1,400 ihp.{{harvnb|Cooper|Kludas|Pein|1989|p=31}}
Throughout her German ownership, the ship was registered in Hamburg.{{sfn|Lloyd's Register 1887|loc=[https://archive.org/details/HECROS1887/page/n982/mode/1up TIB–TIN]}} Her code letters were RHCJ.{{sfn|Lloyd's Register 1887|loc=[https://archive.org/details/HECROS1887/page/n1119/mode/1up Signal letters assigned to German vessels]}}
''Valdivia''
In 1896 Hamburg America Line bought Tijuca and renamed her Valdivia, after the Chilean city of Valdivia, which had a German emigré community. On 7 September 1900, the German government requisitioned Tijuca as a troopship for the relief force for the Boxer Rebellion.
On the morning of 13 February 1907, while she was {{convert|100|nmi|km}} off Cape Hatteras, the boiler of her donkey engine exploded, badly damaging the ship. Her Fourth Engineer and six members of her engine room crew were killed; and her Chief Officer and three other crew members were injured. She buried her dead at sea the next day. The explosion put her steam steering engine out of action, but her main boilers were undamaged. on 16 February she reached New York, where two of her stokers were hospitalised.{{cite news |title=Explosion at sea kills 7 on liner. |url-access=subscription |newspaper=The New York Times |date=17 February 1901 |page=13 |access-date=21 May 2025 |via=Times Machine |url= https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1907/02/17/106740566.html?pageNumber=13}}
''Tom G. Corpi'' and ''Flandre''
In 1908 Peter R Hinsch of Hamburg bought Valdivia and renamed her Tom G. Corpi. In 1909 the Société Générale de Transports Maritimes à Vapeur bought Tom G. Corpi and renamed her Flandre. She was registered in Marseille, and her code letters were JGMW.
In January 1927, Flandre was scrapped at La Seyne-sur-Mer.
References
{{reflist}}
Bibliography
- {{cite book |last1=Cooper |first1=James |last2=Kludas |first2=Arnold |last3=Pein |first3=Joachim |year=1989 |title=The Hamburg South America Line |place=Kendal |publisher=World Ship Society |isbn=0-905617-50-9}}
- {{cite book |year=1914 |title=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |volume=I.–Steamers |place=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |via=Internet Archive |ref={{sfnref|Lloyd's Register 1914}} }}
- {{cite book |year=1887 |title=Universal Register |place=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |via=Internet Archive |ref={{sfnref|Lloyd's Register 1887}} }}
{{1907 shipwrecks}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Valdivia}}
Category:Maritime incidents in 1907
Category:Passenger ships of Germany
Category:Ships built by Armstrong Whitworth