Sabine Kastner

Kastner grew up in Hannover, Germany, where she attended the Wilhelm-Raabe-Gymnasium. She was the first in her family to earn a high school diploma. Ranking in the top 1% of high school students nationwide earned her a fellowship in the German National Scholarship Foundation. Kastner initially studied history and philosophy at the Georg-August-University in Göttingen (Germany). After earning the equivalent of a BA degree, Kastner decided to pursue degrees in medicine and neuroscience to prepare her for a career in science, and she studied at Georg-August-University (Göttingen, Germany), Heinrich-Heine-University (Düsseldorf, Germany), the Institute of Neurology (London, U.K.) and the Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry (Göttingen, Germany).{{Cite web|title=Sabine Kastner {{!}} Neuroscience|url=https://pni.princeton.edu/faculty/sabine-kastner|access-date=2021-07-28|website=pni.princeton.edu}}

Kastner was trained as a vision scientist and primate electrophysiologist by Otto Creutzfeldt and studied the neural basis of a color illusion as a PhD student at the Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry. She then became interested in cognition, studying neural correlates of visual search in the monkey visual system. Kastner then joined Leslie Ungerleider’s laboratory at the National Institute of Mental Health to receive training in functional magnetic resonance imaging.{{Cite journal|last=Kastner|first=S.|date=1998-10-02|title=Mechanisms of Directed Attention in the Human Extrastriate Cortex as Revealed by Functional MRI|url=https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.282.5386.108|journal=Science|volume=282|issue=5386|pages=108–111|doi=10.1126/science.282.5386.108|pmid=9756472|bibcode=1998Sci...282..108K|url-access=subscription}}{{Cite journal|last1=Kastner|first1=Sabine|last2=Pinsk|first2=Mark A.|last3=De Weerd|first3=Peter|last4=Desimone|first4=Robert|last5=Ungerleider|first5=Leslie G.|date=April 1999|title=Increased Activity in Human Visual Cortex during Directed Attention in the Absence of Visual Stimulation|journal=Neuron|language=en|volume=22|issue=4|pages=751–761|doi=10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80734-5|pmid=10230795|doi-access=free}} Together with Robert Desimone, she pioneered translating mechanistic principles from primate physiology into functional brain imaging studies in humans. This approach laid the groundwork for an understanding of attention function in the human brain.

In her laboratory at Princeton University, Kastner established the functional architecture of the attention network and defined functional principles for space-, feature and object-based attention,{{Cite journal|last1=O'Connor|first1=Daniel H.|last2=Fukui|first2=Miki M.|last3=Pinsk|first3=Mark A.|last4=Kastner|first4=Sabine|date=November 2002|title=Attention modulates responses in the human lateral geniculate nucleus|url=http://www.nature.com/articles/nn957|journal=Nature Neuroscience|language=en|volume=5|issue=11|pages=1203–1209|doi=10.1038/nn957|pmid=12379861|s2cid=205441491|issn=1097-6256|url-access=subscription}} also extending them to natural vision.{{Cite journal|last1=Peelen|first1=Marius V.|last2=Fei-Fei|first2=Li|last3=Kastner|first3=Sabine|date=July 2009|title=Neural mechanisms of rapid natural scene categorization in human visual cortex|journal=Nature|language=en|volume=460|issue=7251|pages=94–97|doi=10.1038/nature08103|issn=0028-0836|pmc=2752739|pmid=19506558|bibcode=2009Natur.460...94P}} She was the first to show that cognitive mechanisms were not confined to the neocortex, but also operated in the thalamus, a deep and ‘old’ brain structure.{{Cite journal|last1=Saalmann|first1=Y. B.|last2=Pinsk|first2=M. A.|last3=Wang|first3=L.|last4=Li|first4=X.|last5=Kastner|first5=S.|date=2012-08-10|title=The Pulvinar Regulates Information Transmission Between Cortical Areas Based on Attention Demands|journal=Science|language=en|volume=337|issue=6095|pages=753–756|doi=10.1126/science.1223082|issn=0036-8075|pmc=3714098|pmid=22879517|bibcode=2012Sci...337..753S}} In addition, she has studied various aspects of visual perception in the healthy, adult primate brain as well as in patients with brain lesions and during development.{{Cite journal|last1=Pinsk|first1=M. A.|last2=DeSimone|first2=K.|last3=Moore|first3=T.|last4=Gross|first4=C. G.|last5=Kastner|first5=S.|date=2005-05-10|title=Representations of faces and body parts in macaque temporal cortex: A functional MRI study|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|language=en|volume=102|issue=19|pages=6996–7001|doi=10.1073/pnas.0502605102|issn=0027-8424|pmc=1100800|pmid=15860578|bibcode=2005PNAS..102.6996P|doi-access=free}}{{Cite journal|last1=Konen|first1=Christina S.|last2=Behrmann|first2=Marlene|last3=Nishimura|first3=Mayu|last4=Kastner|first4=Sabine|date=July 2011|title=The Functional Neuroanatomy of Object Agnosia: A Case Study|journal=Neuron|language=en|volume=71|issue=1|pages=49–60|doi=10.1016/j.neuron.2011.05.030|pmc=4896507|pmid=21745637}} Combining functional brain imaging with intracranial electrophysiology, Kastner studies the human and non-human primate brain in direct comparison with the goal to establish functional principles underlying cognition that can be linked to behavior at the level of cognitive large-scale networks.{{Cite journal|last1=Fiebelkorn|first1=Ian C.|last2=Kastner|first2=Sabine|date=2020-01-04|title=Functional Specialization in the Attention Network|journal=Annual Review of Psychology|language=en|volume=71|issue=1|pages=221–249|doi=10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-103429|issn=0066-4308|pmc=7026883|pmid=31514578}}

Kastner is the Editor-in-Chief of The Journal of Neuroscience{{Cite web |title=Editorial Board {{!}} Journal of Neuroscience |url=https://www.jneurosci.org/content/editorial-board |access-date=2022-11-05 |website=www.jneurosci.org}} and specialty chief editor of the children's open access science journal Frontiers for Young Minds.{{Cite web|title=Frontiers for Young Minds|url=https://kids.frontiersin.org/sections/neuroscience-and-psychology|access-date=2021-07-27|website=Frontiers for Young Minds|language=en}} She has served as Editor-in-Chief of Progress in Neurobiology{{Cite web|title=Editorial Board - Progress in Neurobiology - Journal - Elsevier|url=http://journals.elsevier.com/progress-in-neurobiology/editorial-board|access-date=2021-07-27|website=journals.elsevier.com|language=en}} (2018-2022). She previously served as reviewing and senior editor at the Journal of Neuroscience, eLife, Neuropsychologia and NeuroImage and on the advisory boards for brainfacts.org and eNeuro.

Kastner served for the Society for Neuroscience as a member of the publications committee and is presently a member of the finance committee.{{Cite web|title=Finance Committee|url=https://www.sfn.org/about/volunteer-leadership/committees/finance-committee|access-date=2021-07-27|website=www.sfn.org|language=en}}

Kastner serves as adviser to the German Council of Science and Humanities for their excellence strategy program.

File:Mumbai kastner.jpg

Kastner is active in public outreach activities such as fostering the careers of young women in science, promoting neuroscience in schools and public education and exploring the intersection of visual neuroscience and art.{{Cite web|title=Professor Sabine Kastner to receive 2019 Award for Education in Neuroscience from the Society for Neuroscience (SfN) {{!}} Neuroscience|url=http://pni.princeton.edu/news/professor-sabine-kastner-receive-2019-award-education-neuroscience-society-neuroscience-sfn|access-date=2021-07-27|website=pni.princeton.edu}}{{Cite web|title=Outreach|url=https://scholar.princeton.edu/napl/outreach|access-date=2021-07-27|website=scholar.princeton.edu|language=en}}

• George A. Miller Lecture, Cognitive Neuroscience Society, 2023
• Keynote Lecture, 22nd International Conference on Biomagnetism, Birmingham, UK, 2022{{Cite web |title=Keynote speakers – Biomag 2021 |url=https://biomag2020.org/programme/keynote-speakers/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918155525/https://www.biomag2020.org/programme/keynote-speakers/ |url-status=usurped |archive-date=September 18, 2020 |access-date=2022-11-05 |website=biomag2020.org}}
• Special Lecture, Society for Neurosience Annual Meeting, San Diego, 2018
• Attneave Lecture, University of Oregon, 2018{{Cite web|title=Twenty-Ninth Annual Fred Attneave Memorial Lecture Takes Place on May 11th {{!}} Department of Psychology|url=https://blogs.uoregon.edu/psychology/2018/04/19/twenty-ninth-annual-fred-attneave-memorial-lecture-takes-place-on-may-11th/|access-date=2021-07-27|website=blogs.uoregon.edu}}
• Inaugural Marianne Fillenz Lecture, Department of Anatomy & Physiology, University of Oxford, 2018{{Cite web|title=Marianne Fillenz remembered at inaugural lecture — Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics (DPAG)|url=https://www.dpag.ox.ac.uk/news/famous-department-physiologist-remembered-at-named-lecture|access-date=2021-07-27|website=www.dpag.ox.ac.uk}}
• Keynote Lecture, Vision Sciences Society meeting, St. Petersburg, 2016
• Creutzfeldt Lecture, 11th Meeting of the German Neuroscience Society, Göttingen, Germany, 2015
• Key Note Lecture, Human Brain Mapping, Honolulu, 2015{{Cite web|title=OHBM 2015 {{!}} Organization for Human Brain Mapping|url=https://www.humanbrainmapping.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageID=3625|access-date=2021-07-27|website=www.humanbrainmapping.org}}
• Distinguished Fellow & SAGE Lecture, Sage Center for the Study of the Mind, Santa Barbara, 2014
• Donders Lecture, Donders Institute, Nijmwegen, Netherlands, 2014{{Cite web|title=Donders Lectures 2014|url=https://www.ru.nl/donders/agenda/donders-lectures/former-donders/donders-lectures-0/|access-date=2021-07-27|website=Donders Institute|language=en}}
• 2nd Homewood Brain and Cognition Lecture, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, 2012
• 4th Annual CCSN Invited Lecture, Washington University in St. Louis, 2012{{Cite web|title=Past Invited Speakers {{!}} McDonnell Center for Systems Neuroscience {{!}} Washington University in St. Louis|url=https://sites.wustl.edu/systemsneuroscience/ccsn-pathway/past-invited-speakers/|access-date=2021-07-27|website=sites.wustl.edu}}

Kastner has two children and is married to the American neuroscientist and novelist Michael Graziano.{{citation needed|date=July 2021}}

{{reflist}}

• [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=26n7I2biijQ/ Talk at 2012 Allen Institute Symposium]
• [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hvmzD-Upn30/ Talk at NBC: Mysteries of the Brain: Perceiving Brain]

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Category:Princeton University faculty

Category:Living people

Category:1964 births

Category:Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf alumni

Category:University of Göttingen alumni

Category:Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences

Category:Fellows of the Association for Psychological Science