Salinella

{{Short description|Dubious species of simple animal}}

{{Speciesbox

| image = Salinella salve Frenzel (cropped).jpg

| image_alt = Johannes Frenzel's illustrations, 1892

| image_caption = Johannes Frenzel's illustrations, 1892

| grandparent_authority = R. Blackwelder, 1963

| genus = Salinella

| parent_authority = J. Frenzel, 1891{{sfn|Acosta|2015|p=89}}

| species = salve

| authority = J. Frenzel, 1892{{sfn|Acosta|2015|p=89}} nomen inquirendum

| synonyms =

| synonyms_ref =

}}

Salinella salve is a dubious species of a very simple animal which some have named as the sole member of the phylum Monoblastozoa. It was discovered in 1892 by Johannes Frenzel in the salt pans of Córdoba Province, Argentina and cultivated in a laboratory by him. This animal has not been found since and its real existence is considered as doubtful.{{cite book|last1=Brusca |first1=R. C.|last2=Brusca|first2=G. J.|title=Invertebrados |year=2005|publisher=McGraw-Hill-Interamericana|location=Madrid|edition=2nd|isbn=978-0-87893-097-5}}{{cite web|last=Taylor|first=Christopher|date=June 27, 2007|title=Salinella - what the crap was it?|work=Catalogue of Organisms|url=http://coo.fieldofscience.com/2007/06/salinella-what-crap-was-it.html}} A project involving Michael Schrödl from the Zoological State Collection in Munich searched for Salinella in salt lakes across Argentina and Chile, but failed to find any specimens.{{cite web|url=http://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/32652/title/Gone-Missing--circa-1892/|last=Dunning|first=Hayley|date=October 1, 2012|title=Gone Missing, circa 1892|work=The Scientist}}{{cite web|url=http://www.spektrum.de/alias/zoologie/jaeger-der-verborgenen-art/1171793|last=Viering|first=Kerstin|date=November 23, 2012|title=Jäger der verborgenen Art|work=Spektrum}}{{Cite journal |last1=Tihelka |first1=Erik |last2=Cai |first2=Chenyang |date=2021-09-27 |title=Salinella |journal=Current Biology |language=en |volume=31 |issue=18 |pages=R1070–R1071 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2021.07.013|doi-access=free |pmid=34582810 |bibcode=2021CBio...31R1070T }}

Discovery

Salinella was discovered in soil samples from salt pans around Río Cuarto, Córdoba Province, Argentina, although the exact type locality was never specified.

Description

According to Frenzel's description, S. salve is more organized than Protozoa, but still very primitive for a multicellular organism. They are characterised by their distinct anterior/posterior parts and being densely ciliated, especially around the "mouth" and "anus". They have only one layer of cells, and reproduce asexually by transverse fission of their bodies. Although sexual reproduction was suspected, Frenzel did not observe it.{{cite journal|last=Frenzel|first=Johannes|year=1892|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/30121#page/74/mode/1up|title=Untersuchungen über die mikroskopische Fauna Argentiniens|journal=Archiv für Naturgeschichte|volume=58|language=de|pages=66–96, [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/30121#page/399/mode/1up Plate VII]}}

See also

  • Mesotardigrada – another high rank taxon whose sole member has not been independently verified to exist

References

{{Reflist}}

= Bibliography =

  • {{Cite journal |last=Acosta |first=Luis Eduardo |date=March 2015 |title=Historia de la Zoología en la Universidad de Córdoba: los primeros años (1872-1916) |trans-title=History of Zoology at the University of Córdoba: the beginning years (1872-1916) |url=https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/handle/11336/7991 |issn=0373-9686 |lang=es |journal=Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales |volume=2 |number=1}}