Samashki

File:Самашки село карта.svg

Samashki is located on the left bank of the Sunzha River. It is {{convert|9|km|mi}} north of the town of Achkhoy-Martan and {{convert|30|km|mi}} west of the city of Grozny.

From the north, the hills of the Sunzhensky ridge reach the village, and from the south, the Samashki Forestry and the Sunzha River.

The nearest settlements to Samashki are Raduzhnoye to the north-east, Zakan-Yurt to the east, Novy Sharoy to the south, Davydenko to the south-west, and Sernovodskoye to the west.{{cite web |title=Карта Чеченской республики подробная с районами, селами и городами. Схема и спутник онлайн |url=http://1maps.ru/chechenskaya-respublika/ |website=1maps.ru}}

The name of the village comes from the {{langx|ce|Саь-Маӏашка}}, which translates roughly as "the place of deers".

Samashki was founded in 1851,{{cite web |title=Основные сведения о Терской области. ч.3 |url=http://stavkomarchiv.ru/userfiles/file/%D0%90%D0%A2%D0%A3%D0%A1/%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C%D1%8F.pdf}} as a part of the Sunzhensky Cossack line, on the site of the destroyed Chechen village of Lower Samashki.{{Cite book |url=https://www.prlib.ru/item/417273 |title=Кавказский календарь на 1860 год |publisher=Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom |year=1860 |edition=15th |location=Tiflis |language=ru |trans-title=Caucasian calendar for 1860 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190320231422/https://www.prlib.ru/item/417273 |archive-date=20 March 2019}} In 1920, the entire Cossack population of the village was evicted by order of Sergo Ordzhonikidze.{{cite web |title=ПРИКАЗ № 01721 оп - ЛЕТКА |url=http://xn--80ajpc0b.xn--p1ai/repressii-i-raskazachivanie/prikaz-01721-op1#sdfootnote1sym |website=xn--80ajpc0b.xn--p1ai}} The village was then given back to the Chechens, who repopulated it.

In 1944, after the genocide and deportation of the Chechen and Ingush people and the abolition of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR, the village of Samashki was renamed and settled by people from other ethnic groups.{{cite web |title=Потери вооруженных сил России и СССР в вооруженных конфликтах на Северном Кавказе (1920–2000 годы) |url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/2005/0211/analit01.php |website=www.demoscope.ru}} From 1944 to 1957, it was a part of the Novoselsky District of Grozny Oblast.

In 1958, after the Vainakh people returned and the Chechen-Ingush ASSR was restored, the village regained its old name, Samashki.{{cite web |title=О восстановлении Чечено-Ингушской АССР и упразднении Грозненской области |url=http://lawru.info/dok/1957/01/09/n1193134.htm |website=lawru.info |language=ru-RU}}

During both Chechen Wars the village suffered greatly from the hostilities,[https://www.theguardian.com/international/story/0,,252669,00.html Chechen villagers ask, why us?], The Guardian, November 17, 1999 most notably in the notorious April 1995 incident known as Samashki massacre committed by the Internal Troops of Russia which resulted in the deaths of 100 to 300 civilians.

In March 1996 another attack on the town took the form of a full-scale assault with apparent disregard for civilian lives; according to Human Rights Watch, Russian forces used civilians as a human shields on APCs.[https://www.hrw.org/reports/1997/russia2/Russia-06.htm ACCOUNTABILITY By the Russian Side], Human Rights Watch, 1997 Reports suggested some 500 civilians were killed as a result of the April 1995 and March 1996 attacks.[http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/3623.html##3 Russian bombardment sows terror in town], Boston Globe, 13 November 1999 The next month, Russian journalist Nadezhda Chaikova, who had filmed the effects of the 1996 attack, was killed execution-style in Chechnya.[http://www.cpj.org/deadly/1996_list.html Journalists Killed in 1996: 26 Confirmed], Committee to Protect Journalists, December 31, 1996

A devastating artillery and rocket attack on Samashki took place in October 1999 at the beginning of the Second Chechen War, despite the demilitarization of the village,[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/543493.stm How war came to a Chechen village], BBC News, 1 December 1999 killing or injuring dozens of residents on October 27, 1999 alone, according to HRW.[http://hrw.org/english/docs/1999/11/04/russia1965.htm Many Civilians Killed in Samashki Village, Chechnya], Human Rights Watch, November 4, 1999 At the time, the deputy commander of the North Caucasus Military District announced that there were only "bandits and terrorists" in Samashki, but a report for the British parliament claimed civilians were killed in revenge for the heavy casualties suffered there by Russian forces during the first war.[https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/rp00-14/ The Conflict in Chechnya], Parliament of the United Kingdom, 2000

Federal forces reported a large-scale operation in Samashki in May 2000.[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/770766.stm Top Russians killed in Chechnya], BBC News, 31 May 2000

• 1979 Census: 9,185
• 1990 Census: 9,945{{cite web |title=Наши издания - Архивное управление Правительства Чеченской Республики |url=http://arhiv-chr.ru/deyatelnost/nashi-izdaniya/category/5-nashi-izdaniya |website=arhiv-chr.ru}}
• 2002 Census: 10,824{{cite journal |last1=Kashnitsky |first1=Ilya |title=Municipality level Russian Census data 2002 and 2010 |url=https://osf.io/cskmu/ |language=en |doi=10.17605/OSF.IO/CSKMU |date=11 April 2017}}
• 2010 Census: 11,275{{cite web |title=ВПН-2010 |url=http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/perepis_itogi1612.htm |website=www.gks.ru}}
• 2019 estimate: 12,597
• 2021 estimate: 12,769{{cite book| author = Комитет Ставропольского края по делам архивов, Государственный архив Ставропольского края | chapter = Часть третья. Основные сведения о населённых пунктах| chapter-url = http://stavkomarchiv.ru/userfiles/file/%D0%90%D0%A2%D0%A3%D0%A1/%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C%D1%8F.pdf| format = | url = http://stavkomarchiv.ru/deyatelnost/izdaniya-poslednikh-let/atd/ | title = Административно-территориальное устройство Ставрополья с конца XVIII века по 1920 год | orig-year = | agency = | edition = |location= Ставрополь |date = 2008 |publisher= ОАО «ИПФ „Ставрополье“» |at= |volume= | pages = | page = | series = | isbn = }}

According to the results of the 2010 Census, the majority of residents of Samashki (11,263 or 99.9%) were ethnic Chechens, with 12 people (0.1%) coming from other ethnic backgrounds.

Members of the following teips (clans) live in Samashki:

• Nashkhoy
• Zandak
• Sharoy
• Zumsoy
• Terloy
• Nuokhoy
• Galay
• Akkiy
• Keloy
• Cheberloy
• Dai
• Nizhloy
• Gukhoy
• Kesaloy
• Khimoy
• Khakmadoy
• Shikaroy
• Chanti
• Buosoy

• Lyoma Satuyev, Honored Artist of the Chechen Republic, theater and film actor;
• Usman Dadayev, tightrope walker, People's Artist of the Chechen Republic, Honored Artist of the Republic of Ingushetia;
• Mikhail Ivanyukov, Hero of Socialist Labor;
• Prokofi Kalashnikov, Hero of the Soviet Union, colonel, tanker;
• Shumisat Khazhmukhambetova, sambo wrestler and judoka, champion of the USSR, silver medalist of the Spartakiad of the peoples of the USSR, master of sports of the USSR in sambo and judo.

The R217 federal highway "Caucasus" passes {{convert|4|km|mi}} south of the village. Also, a railway line from Nazran to Grozny passes through the village. Part of the village is located beyond the railway.

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Category:Rural localities in Achkhoy-Martanovsky District