Sanjak of Ohrid

When the Sanjak of Ohrid was established in 1395, it was a part of the Rumelia Eyalet and was one of its earliest established sanjaks.{{Citation |last= Stojanovski |first=Aleksandar |title=Makedonija vo turskoto srednovekovie : od krajot na XIV--početokot na XVIII vek |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ND4yAAAAIAAJ&q=%22%D0%9E%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA%22 |access-date= 24 December 2011 |year= 1989 |publisher= Kultura |location= Skopje |language= mk |oclc=21875410 |page= 49 |quote= Овој санџак исто така е еден од најстарите санџаци во Румелискиот беглербеглак}} Before it became part of the Ottoman Empire in 1395, its territory belonged to the realm of Prince Marko.{{Citation |last= Stojanovski |first=Aleksandar |title=Makedonija vo turskoto srednovekovie : od krajot na XIV--početokot na XVIII vek |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ND4yAAAAIAAJ&q=%22%D0%9E%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA%22 |access-date= 24 December 2011 |year= 1989 |publisher= Kultura |location= Skopje |language= mk |oclc=21875410 |page= 49 |quote= ОХРИДСКИ САНЏАК (Liva i Ohri): Овој санџак исто така е еден од најстарите санџаци во Румелискиот беглербеглак. Се смета дека бил создаден по загинувањето на крал Марко (1395),..}}{{Citation |last=Šabanović |first=Hazim |title=Bosanski pašaluk : postanak i upravna podjela |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kkQQAAAAIAAJ&q=%22Poslije+pogibije+kralja+Marka+i+Konstantina+Deja-+novi%C4%87a+na+Rovinama+%281394%29+pretvorene+su+njihove+oblasti+u+turske+sand%C5%BEake%2C+Custelndilski+i+Ohridski.+%22 |access-date=26 December 2011 |year=1959 |publisher=Oslobođenje |location=Sarajevo |language=hr |oclc=10236383 |page=20 |quote=Poslije pogibije kralja Marka i Konstantina Dejanovića na Rovinama (1394) pretvorene su njihove oblasti u turske sandžake, Ćustelndilski i Ohridski.}} At first its county town was Bitola and later it was Ohrid, which is why it has also been referred to in sources as Sanjak of Monastir (or Bitola).{{Citation |author=Istorisko društvo Bosne i Hercegovine |title=Godišnjak |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f04iAAAAMAAJ&q=%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4 |access-date=26 December 2011 |volume=4 |year=1952 |publisher=Državna Štamparija |location= Sarajevo |language=sr |oclc=183334876|page=175 |quote=На основу тога мислим да је у почетку постојао само један санџак, коме је прво средиште било у Битољу... }} This should not be confused with the later Sanjak of Monastir, established in 1826 from the eastern part of the Sanjak of Ohrid, and which entirely replaced the latter in 1864.

The territory of the Sanjak of Ohrid changed over time.

In 1406, the sanjakbey of Ohrid was Junayd of Aydın.{{cite book|title=Vakıflar dergisi, Volumes 6-7|year=1965|publisher=Türk Tarih Kurumu Basimevi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bjfjAAAAMAAJ&q=%22+Aydin+beyi+C%C3%BCneyd+Bey+H.+809+%28%3D+1406%29+da+Ohri%27ye+sancak+beyi+olarak+g%C3%B6nderilmijtir%22|author=Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü|access-date=4 January 2012|page=138|quote=...Aydin beyi Cüneyd Bey H. 809 (= 1406) da Ohri'ye sancak beyi...}} In 1464 and 1465, the sanjakbey of the Sanjak of Ohrid was Ballaban Badera, famous for his battles against Skanderbeg,{{Citation |last=İnalcık |first=Halil |author-link=Halil İnalcık |title=From empire to republic : essays on Ottoman and Turkish social history |year=1995 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kIhpAAAAMAAJ&q=balaban+ohrid |access-date= 4 January 2012 |publisher= Isis Press |location= Istanbul |isbn=978-975-428-080-7 |oclc=34985150 |page=88 |quote=Balaban Aga, qui a accordé des timar à ses propres soldats dans la Basse- Dibra et dans la Çermeniça, ainsi qu'à son neveu à Mati, doit être ce même Balaban Aga, sancakbeyi d'Ohrid, connu pour ses batailles sanglantes contre Skanderbeg. }}{{Citation |author=Hamilton Alexander Rosskeen Gibb |author2=Johannes Hendrik Kramers |author3=Bernard Lewis |author4=Charles Pellat |author5=Joseph Schacht |title=The Encyclopaedia of Islam |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kIjrAAAAMAAJ&q=%22breaking+of+faith%22 |access-date= 24 December 2011 |volume=4 |year=1954 |publisher=Brill |location=Leiden |isbn=978-90-04-14448-4 |oclc= 399624 |page= 140 |quote=Tursun p. 125, cf Critoboulos, 147 emphasize Iskender's "breaking of faith" as the reason for the Ottoman operations against him from 868/1464 onwards. By permitting Venetian troops to garrison Kruje he created a real treat to the Ottoman forces in Albania. In 1464 and 1465 the neighbouring sanjak begis and especially the governor of Ohri, Balaban, launched the swift attacks}} replacing Şeremet bey on this position. Although Halil Inalcik explains that the Sanjak of Elbasan was established as soon as the fortress of Elbasan was constructed in 1466, based on Tursun Beg's records there is a possibility that Elbasan was first part of the Sanjak of Ohrid.{{Citation |last= Kiel |first=Machiel |title= Ottoman architecture in Albania, 1385-1912 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=2xYzAAAAIAAJ&q=%22the+usually+well+informed+Tursun+Beg+%22 |access-date= 9 January 2012|year= 1990|publisher=Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture |location=Istanbul |isbn=978-92-9063-330-3 |page=39|quote=...states that Elbasan became a sandjak capital right after 1466 but the usually well informed Tursun Beg noted for 1466: "The sultan attached this fortress of Elbasan to the Sancak of Ohrid and returned to Edirne..."}}

Official Ottoman censuses ({{langx|tr|Tapu tahrir defterleri}}) were organized in 1467, 1519 (collective census) and 1583 on the territory of the Sanjak of Ohrid.{{cite book|title=Glasnik na Institutot za nacionalna istorija|year=2001|publisher=Institut za nacionalna istorija|location=Skopje|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JRoWAQAAMAAJ&q=%22%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA%22|access-date=26 December 2011|page=69|language=mk|quote=...пописа (Tapu tahrir defterleri), извршени од страна на официјалните турски власти, првиот во 1467, а вториот во 1583 година. Пописите се вршени на територијата на целиот Охридски санџак,}}{{cite book|title=Prilozi: Contributions|year=1976|publisher=Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite. Oddelenie za opštestveni nauki|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ROY1AAAAIAAJ&q=%22%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA%22|access-date=26 December 2011|page=84|quote=едниот е од 1519 година ... Овај пописни дефтер је сумарен (icmal)}}

The census from the beginning of the 16th century registered that the Sanjak of Ohrid had the kazas (districts) of Ohrid, Debar, Akçahisar (Krujë) and Mat, and had 4 towns, 6 fortresses, 849 villages, 32,648 Christian families and 623 Muslim families.{{Citation |last= Smailagic |first= Nerkez |title= Leksikon Islama |url=http://es.scribd.com/doc/39442123/LEKSIKON-ISLAMA-Nerkez-Smailagi%C4%87 |access-date= 28 December 2011 |year=1990 |publisher= Svjetlost |location= Sarajevo |language= hr |isbn=978-86-01-01813-6 |oclc=25241734 |quote=Ohrid: obuhvata kadiluke Ohrida, Dibra (Debar), Akčahisara, Mat}}

According to the census of 1583, the Sanjak of Ohrid had three kazas with 13 nahiye.{{Citation |last=Sokoloski |first= Metodija |author2=Aleksandar Stojanovski |title=Turski dokumenti za istorijata na makedonskiot narod: kn. 1-2. Opširen popisen defter na ohridskiot sandžak od 1583 godina |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DYhpAAAAMAAJ&q=%22%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82+%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA%22 |access-date= 26 December 2011 |year=2000 |publisher=Arhiv na Makedonija |isbn=978-9989-622-19-9 |oclc=438974883 |page=9 |quote= Ова е вториот, завршниот дел од Опширниот попис на Охридскиот санџак, извршен од официјалните турски власти во 1583 година. Во него се опфатени 13 нахии (околии) од три кази (окрузи) }} After a later expansion, the Sanjak of Ohrid had 22 nahiyahs, 6 in the region of Macedonia and 16 in Albania.{{cite book|title=Prilozi: Contributions|year=1976|publisher=Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite. Oddelenie za opštestveni nauki|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ROY1AAAAIAAJ&q=%22%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA%22|access-date=26 December 2011|page=84|quote=во целиот Охридски санџак имало вкупно 22 нахии од кои 6 се во Македонија, а останатите 16 се во Албанија}} There was a substantial presence of ethnic Albanians in this sanjak.{{cite book|last=Stojančević|first=Vladimir|title=Južnoslovenski narodi u Osmanskom carstvu od Jedrenskog mira 1829. do Pariskog kongresa 1856. godine|year=1971|publisher=Izdavačko-štamparsko preduzeće PTT|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2l4NAQAAIAAJ&q=%22%D1%83+%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%88%D1%82%D0%BE+%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%BC+%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%98%D1%83+%D1%83+%D0%9E%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83%22|access-date=26 December 2011|page=336|language=mk|quote=Арбанаса, у македонским крајевима, изван арбанашког етничког масива са центрима у средњој Албанији, било је у нешто изразитијем броју у Охридском санџаку, и у Битољу као главном граду Румелијског вилајета.}}

In the autumn of 1794, Kara Mahmud Bushati, who was the pasha of the Pashalik of Scutari, gained control over the Sanjak of Ohrid.{{Citation |author=Društvo istoričara Srbije |title=Iz istorije Albanaca |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HVE8AAAAMAAJ&q=%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA |year= 1969 |publisher=Zavod za izdavanje udžbenika SR Srbije |location= Belgrade |language= sr |oclc=11282187 |page= 94 |quote= У јесен 1794 године Махмуд-паша је потчинио елбасански и охридски санџак}} From 1796 to 1797, it was ruled by Muhtar Pasha, son of Ali Pasha.{{cite book|title=Archivum Ottomanicum|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TxstAQAAIAAJ|date=2007-01-01|publisher=Mouton|page=174}} From 1820 to 1831, the Sanjak of Ohrid was under the control of another pasha of the Pashalik of Scutari, Mustafa Reshit Pasha Bushati.{{cite book|last=Houtsma|first=M. Th.|title=E. J. Brill's first encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936|year=1987|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9JQ3AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA765|access-date=4 January 2012|page=765|isbn=9004082654}}

The administrative division of the Rumelia Eyalet was reformed, based on the sultan's hatisherif of 21 June 1836, and the territories of its sanjaks were substantially changed while Sanjak of Ohrid became an arpalik of Valide Sultan.{{Citation |last= Smailagic |first= Nerkez |title= Leksikon Islama |url=http://es.scribd.com/doc/39442123/LEKSIKON-ISLAMA-Nerkez-Smailagi%C4%87 |access-date= 28 December 2011 |year=1990 |publisher= Svjetlost |location= Sarajevo |language= hr |isbn=978-86-01-01813-6 |oclc=25241734 |page=515 |quote=Sultanovim hatt-i-serifom od 21.6.1836 ... Namjesništvo Rumelije ponovo je omeđeno ... apanaža sultanove majke (Valide) ili područje Ohrida.}} Until 1864, it was part of the Monastir Eyalet, while the kaza of Krujë, among others, was incorporated into the Sanjak of Scutari.{{cite book|title=Studime historike|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TBdXAAAAYAAJ|access-date=5 January 2012|year=1986|publisher=Akademia e Shkencave, Instituti i Historisë.|language=sq|page=91}}{{cite book|last=Houtsma|first=M. Th.|title=E. J. Brill's first encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936|year=1987|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9JQ3AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA1178|access-date=4 January 2012|page=1178|isbn=9004082654}} As mentioned above, after the establishment of the Monastir Vilayet in 1864, the Sanjak of Ohrid ceased to exist and its territory was incorporated into the Sanjak of Monastir (first established as a sanjak, separate from the Sanjak of Ohrid, in 1826).{{cite book|title=Gjurmime albanologjike|year=1968|publisher=Albanološki institut u Prištini|location=Pristina|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2ZniAAAAMAAJ&q=%22bitoljski+vilajet%22|access-date=4 January 2012|page=177|language=sr}}http://tarihvemedeniyet.org/documents/makaleler/20.%20yy%20Osmanli%20Vilayetleri.pdf Ottoman Provinces before 1908

Dorotheos, the Archbishop of Ohrid and his clerks and boyars were expatriated to Istanbul in 1466 probably because of their anti-Ottoman activities during Skanderbeg's rebellion.{{Citation |last=Shukarova |first=Aneta |author2=Mitko B. Panov |author3=Dragi Georgiev |author4=Krste Bitovski |author5=Ivan Katardžiev |author5-link=Ivan Katardžiev |author6=Vanche Stojchev |author7=Novica Veljanovski |author8=Todor Chepreganov |editor=Todor Chepreganov |title= History of the Macedonian People |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/66035878/History-of-The-Macedonian-People-ed-Todor-Chepreganov-Institute-of-National-History-Skopje-2008 |access-date= 26 December 2011|year= 2008 |publisher= Institute of National History |location= Skopje |isbn=978-9989-159-24-4 |oclc=276645834 |page=133 |quote= deportation of the Archbishop of Ohrid, Dorotei, to Istanbul in 1466, together with other clerks and bolyars who probably were expatriated because of their anti Ottoman acts during the Skender-Bey’s rebellion.}} In 1467 many Christians from Skopje, Ohrid, Serres and Kastoria were forcibly deported to Elbasan, a new Ottoman fortress in Albania.{{Citation |last=Shukarova |first=Aneta |author2=Mitko B. Panov |author3=Dragi Georgiev |author4=Krste Bitovski |author5=Ivan Katardžiev |author5-link=Ivan Katardžiev |author6=Vanche Stojchev |author7=Novica Veljanovski |author8=Todor Chepreganov |editor=Todor Chepreganov |title= History of the Macedonian People |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/66035878/History-of-The-Macedonian-People-ed-Todor-Chepreganov-Institute-of-National-History-Skopje-2008 |access-date= 26 December 2011|year= 2008 |publisher= Institute of National History |location= Skopje |isbn=978-9989-159-24-4 |oclc=276645834 |page=133 |quote= At the same time or nearly in 1467 the citizens from Skopje, ...were expa-triated to the Albanian city of Konjuh (Elbasan), which was constructedas a fortress to help the fighting against Skender-Bey. ... these Christians from Skopje as Elbasan’s citizens appeared other families from Ohrid, Kastoria and Serres that were compulsorily moved into this city..}}

Peasants of the Sanjak of Ohrid participated for ten years in the anti-Ottoman 1564 rebellion of the peasants from Mariovo and Prilep.{{Citation |last=Bogdanov |first= Nada |title=Enciklopedija Leksikografskog zavoda |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hVAUAQAAIAAJ&q=%22ohridski+sand%C5%BEak%22 |access-date= 26 December 2011|volume=4 |year=1966 |publisher=Jugoslavenski leksikografski zavod |location= Zagreb |language= hr |oclc=3726191 |page= 191}} On 25 July 1571 it was proposed to divide Sanjak of Ohrid on two part, in order to increase public security in situation of constant rebellions in this sanjak.{{cite book|last=Matkovski|first=Aleksandar|year=1983|title=Otporot vo Makedonija vo vremeto na turskoto vladeenje: Buni i vostanija|publisher=Misla|location=Skopje|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FZ8MAAAAIAAJ&q=%22%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA%22|access-date=26 December 2011|page=141|language=mk|quote=За да се зголеми безбедноста во постојано побунетиот Охридски санџак, на 25 јули 1571 година била покрената акција овој санџак да се подели на два.}}

In 1613 Ottoman authorities ordered the destruction of all newly built Christian churches in the villages of the Sanjak of Ohrid.{{Citation |last=Zirojević |first= Olga |title=Crkve i manastiri na području Pećke patrijaršije do 1683. godine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=isAYAAAAMAAJ&q=%22%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%9B%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE+%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B5%2C+%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE+%D1%98%D0%B5+%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87+%D0%BE+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D1%98%D1%83+%D0%9E%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5+%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5%2C+%D0%B4%D0%B0+%D1%98%D0%B5+1613.+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE+%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85+%D1%86%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0+%D1%83+%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83.+%22 |access-date=26 December 2011 |year= 1984|publisher=Istorijski institut u Beogradu |location= Belgrade |language= sr |oclc=15034890 |page=33 |quote=1613. године наређено рушење новоизграђених цркава по селима у охридском санџаку }}

Evliya Çelebi (1611–1682) dedicated a whole chapter of his work Seyahatname to the Sanjak of Ohrid.{{Citation |last=Çelebi |first=Evliya |author-link=Evliya Çelebi |title= Putopis [Seyahatname] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nFU6AQAAIAAJ&q=ohridskog+sand%C5%BEaka |access-date= 25 December 2011 |year= 1967 |publisher= Svjetlost |language= sh |page= 547 |chapter=Granice Ohridskog Sandžaka }}

{{Reflist|2}}

{{European Sanjaks of the Ottoman Empire}}

{{Albanians under the Ottoman Empire}}

{{coord missing|Albania|North Macedonia}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ohrid, Sanjak of}}

Category:Sanjaks of the Ottoman Empire in Europe

Category:Ottoman Albania

Category:Macedonia under the Ottoman Empire

Sanjak of Ohrid

Category:1390s establishments in the Ottoman Empire

Category:1864 disestablishments in the Ottoman Empire

Category:1395 establishments in Europe