Saryk
{{Short description|Turkmen tribe}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Saryk
| native_name = Sarykly
| native_name_lang = tm
| image = Costume-planche-369-N04-saryk.png
| image_caption = Drawing of a Saryk man
| total =
| total_year =
| total_source =
| total_ref =
| genealogy =
| regions =Marghab Valley (Turkmenistan, Iran, Afghanistan)
| languages = Turkmen (Saryq dialect), Dari
| philosophies =
| religions = Sunni Islam
| related_groups = Turkmens, Afghan Turkmens, Iranian Turkmens
| footnotes =
}}
The Saryk ({{Langx|tk|Sarykly}}) are a tribe of Turkmens in Turkmenistan.{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Turkmenistan/Turkmen-tribes-and-Russian-invasion|title=Turkmenistan - Turkmen tribes and Russian invasion | Britannica|website=www.britannica.com}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UEA6EAAAQBAJ&dq=Saryk++&pg=PT111|title=Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Central Asia|first1=Rico|last1=Isaacs|first2=Erica|last2=Marat|date=September 14, 2021|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9780429603594|via=Google Books}} The Saryk mostly live in the valley of the Marghab River (the ancient Margiana).{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CquTz6ps5YgC&dq=Saryk+turkmen+etymology&pg=PA582|title=An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of the Russian and Soviet Empires|first1=James Stuart|last1=Olson|first2=Lee Brigance|last2=Pappas|first3=Nicholas Charles|last3=Pappas|first4=Nicholas C. J.|last4=Pappas|date=November 20, 1994|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=9780313274978|via=Google Books}}
Etymology
Suggestions for the etymology of Saryk (also Sarik, Saryq) are the Middle Turkic saryγ ("yellow") or the Kipchak root saryq ("sheep").{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S81GEAAAQBAJ&dq=saryk+etymology&pg=PA965|title=A Historical-Etymological Dictionary of Pre-Russian Habitation Names of the Crimea|first=Henryk|last=Jankowski|date=October 1, 2006|publisher=BRILL|isbn=9789047418429|via=Google Books}}
History
In the early 19th century the Saryk lived in the Merv region, but from 1830 they were driven further up the Marghab valley by the Teke.{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5To6AQAAMAAJ&dq=saryk+merv&pg=RA1-PA37|title=Further Correspondence Respecting Affairs in Central Asia|first=Great Britain Foreign|last=Office|date=November 20, 1887|via=Google Books}} Bala Murghab and the Panjdeh became their main settlements.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nS4jAQAAMAAJ&dq=saryk++&pg=RA1-PP88|title=Russian Central Asia|first=Henry|last=Lansdell|date=November 20, 1885|publisher=Arno Press|isbn=9780405030413|via=Google Books}}
In 1881, the Saryk came under Russian control after the Battle of Geok Tepe and the creation of the Transcaspian Oblast.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XPfcfF8LRWQC&dq=saryk++&pg=PA310|title=History of Civilizations of Central Asia: Towards the contemporary period : from the mid-nineteenth to the end of the twentieth century|first=Chahryar|last=Adle|date=January 1, 2005|publisher=UNESCO|isbn=9789231039850|via=Google Books}} In 1885, the Saryk population was estimated at 65,000.
They continued under Russian rule through the Soviet period. Today most live in modern Turkmenistan, with some living over the borders in Iran and Afghanistan.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XpcuDwAAQBAJ&dq=Saryk+turkmen+etymology&pg=PA174|title=Peoples of the USSR: An Ethnographic Handbook|date=July 28, 2017|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781315475400|via=Google Books}}
Art and culture
Like other Turkmen tribes, the Saryk are known as carpet-makers and have their own distinctive style: dark red-brown carpets with the pattern picked out in fine, thin lines. They use a symmetrical (Turkish) knot, like the Yomut do.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H6IYDQAAQBAJ&dq=Saryk++&pg=PT149|title=The Evolution of Cultural Diversity: A Phylogenetic Approach|first1=Ruth|last1=Mace|first2=Clare J.|last2=Holden|first3=Stephen|last3=Shennan|date=September 16, 2016|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781315418599|via=Google Books}} The Saryk are also famed for their jewellery.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=emamBgAAQBAJ&dq=Saryk++&pg=PT84|title=Turkmenistan: Strategies of Power, Dilemmas of Development: Strategies of Power, Dilemmas of Development|first=Sebastien|last=Peyrouse|date=February 12, 2015|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781317453253|via=Google Books}}
File:Turkmenistan or Afghanistan, Saryk tribe, 19th century - Turkmen Main Carpet - 2006.201 - Cleveland Museum of Art.tif|Saryk carpet, 19th century
File:Turkmenistan, Saryk tribe of the Turkmen people (1850-1899), 19th century - Turkmen Bag Face - 2008.223 - Cleveland Museum of Art.tif|Saryk carpet, 19th century
File:"Siawosch Azadi" Saryk Ensi.png|Siawosch Azadi Saryk Ensi. circa 18th century
See also
{{Portal|Turkmenistan}}
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Turkmen tribes}}
Category:Ethnic Turkmen people