Schoenoplectus lacustris
{{Short description|Species of grass-like plant}}
{{Speciesbox
|image = Schoenoplectus lacustris 260605.jpg
|genus = Schoenoplectus
|species = lacustris
|synonyms =
- Cyperus lacustris (L.) Missbach & E.H.L.Krause
- Eleogiton lacustris (L.) Fourr.
- Heleophylax lacustris (L.) Schinz & Thell.
- Hymenochaeta lacustris (L.) Nakai
- Schoenus lacustris (L.) Bernh.
- Scirpus lacustris L.
}}
Schoenoplectus lacustris, the lakeshore bulrush{{PLANTS|id=SCLA14|taxon=Schoenoplectus lacustris|accessdate=7 November 2015}} or common club-rush, is a species of club-rush (genus Schoenoplectus) that grows in fresh water across Europe and some neighbouring areas.
Description
Schoenoplectus lacustris grows up to {{convert|3.5|m}} tall, with stems {{convert|5|-|15|mm|frac=8}} thick.{{cite book |author=A. C. Jermy |author2=D. A. Simpson |author3=M. J. Y. Foley |author4=M. S. Porter |name-list-style=amp |year=2007 |title=Sedges of the British Isles |series=BSBI Handbook |volume=1 |edition=3rd |publisher=Botanical Society of the British Isles |isbn=978-0-901158-35-2 |chapter=Schoenoplectus lacustris (L.) Palla |pages=105–107}} Most of the leaves of S. lacustris are reduced to bladeless sheaths around the stem, but leaf blades up to {{convert|100|cm}} long can be formed under water. The inflorescence appears at the top of the stem, and comprises 3–10 branches, each of which is up to {{convert|10|cm|abbr=on|frac=2}} long and may be again divided into shorter branches. The flowers are in the form of spikelets, each of which is {{convert|6|-|15|mm|abbr=on|frac=8}} long by {{convert|3|-|5|mm|abbr=on|frac=16}} wide.
The stems of S. lacustris are round in cross-section, in contrast to the triquetrous (rounded-triangular) stems of other species in the genus, such as S. triqueter and S. pungens.{{cite journal |author=I. Kukkonen |year=1996 |title=Notes on the treatment of Cyperaceae for Flora Iranica |url=http://www.landesmuseum.at/pdf_frei_remote/ANNA_98BS_0087-0095.pdf |journal=Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien |volume=98BS |pages=87–95}} The stems of S. tabernaemontani are also round, but S. tabernaemontani is a smaller plant, less than {{convert|1.5|m|ft|abbr=on|frac=2}} tall, with only two stigmas per flower.
Distribution
Schoenoplectus lacustris is widespread in Europe, albeit rare in the far north,{{cite web |url=http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/mono/cypera/schoe/scholac.html |title=Säv, Schoenoplectus lacustris (L.) Palla |work=Den Virtuella Floran |language=Swedish |publisher=Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet |date=28 October 2005 |accessdate=1 April 2015}} and extends eastwards into Asia as far as Mongolia.{{cite web |url=http://e-monocot.org/taxon/urn:kew.org:wcs:taxon:262997 |title=Schoenoplectus lacustris (L.) Palla |publisher=eMonocot |accessdate=1 April 2015}} It is also found in a number of Mediterranean sites in North Africa, and has been introduced to Haiti.
Taxonomy
The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus as Scirpus lacustris in his 1753 {{lang|la|Species Plantarum}}. It became part of the genus Schoenoplectus when Eduard Palla raised this from the rank of subgenus to the rank of genus in 1888.{{cite journal |author=Eduard Palla |author-link=Eduard Palla |year=1888 |title=Im botanischen Discussionsabende am 16. März sprach Herr Dr. Ed. Palla ber die Gattung Scirpus |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47683#page/111/mode/1up |journal=Verhandlungen des Kaiserlich-königlichen Zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien |volume=38 |page=49}} Two subspecies are recognised; the autonymic subspecies (S. lacustris subsp. lacustris) is found throughout the range of the species, and a second, S. lacustris subsp. hippolyti is restricted to an area reaching from the Caucasus to the mountains of Central Asia.
References
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q158956}}
Category:Plants described in 1753