Sde Eliyahu

File:שדה אליהו - מראה כללי.-JNF045183.jpeg

File:שדה אליהו - מראה-JNF034792.jpeg

Sde Eliyahu was founded on 8 May 1939 by Jewish refugees from Nazi Germany as a tower and stockade settlement. It was named after the 19th-century Rabbi Eliyahu Guttmacher, one of the early leaders of Religious Zionism.Hareouveni, Emanouel (1974). The Settlements of Israel and Their Archaeological sites (in Hebrew). Israel: Hakibbutz Hameuchad. p. 311 It was part of a cluster of religious kibbutzim that includes Ein HaNatziv, Shluhot and Tirat Zvi.[https://books.google.com/books?id=VyYhEAAAQBAJ&dq=sde+eliyahu+cluster+of+kibbutzim+yossi+katz&pg=PT71 Judaism and Human Geography, Yossi Katz]

The population of the kibbutz grew from 60 in 1937 to 208 by 1948.Katz, Yossi (2007). [https://kotar.cet.ac.il/KotarApp/Viewer.aspx?nBookID=101311496 The Religious Kibbutz During the Mandate Period] (in Hebrew). Jerusalem: Bar-Ilan University. p. 177. {{ISBN|978-965-226-171-7}}

After the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, Sde Eliyahu began to farm the land of the depopulated Palestinian village of Arab al-'Arida.{{cite book|title=All That Remains:The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_By7AAAAIAAJ |first=W.|last=Khalidi|author-link=Walid Khalidi|year=1992|page=41|location=Washington D.C.|publisher=Institute for Palestine Studies|isbn=0-88728-224-5}}

The kibbutz produces dates, olives, grapes, pomegranates, spices and field crops, as well as dairy cattle and poultry. Organic farming methods and non-pesticide management are used.

BioBee was established in 1983 as the Sde Eliyahu Biological Control Insectaries.[https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2022-06-09/ty-article-magazine/.highlight/under-a-veil-of-secrecy-an-army-of-carnivorous-spiders-is-being-raised-in-northern-israel/00000181-4a25-d4f7-adff-4a7f24430000 Under a Veil of Secrecy, an Army of Carnivorous Spiders Is Being Raised in Northern Israel], Haaretz The company mass-breeds and sells insects that are natural enemies of pests, sterile males of the Mediterranean fruit fly for pest control using the sterile insect technique, and bumblebees for pollination in greenhouses and open farmfields.{{Cite web|url=http://www.israelagri.com/?pg=indx_entry&CategoryID=171&ArticleID=3669|title = BioBee Biological Systems: Beneficial Agricultural Insects & Mites}} In 2021, BioBee's use of persimilis, a predatory mite, to replace chemical pesticides, won the Bernard Blum Award from the International Biocontrol Manufacturers Association in Basel, which named it the leading biocontrol solution of the year.[https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2022-06-09/ty-article-magazine/.highlight/under-a-veil-of-secrecy-an-army-of-carnivorous-spiders-is-being-raised-in-northern-israel/00000181-4a25-d4f7-adff-4a7f24430000 Under a Veil of Secrecy, an Army of Carnivorous Spiders Is Being Raised in Northern Israel], Haaretz

"Shaked" is a regional religious school located on the kibbutz. The kibbutz also operates a beit midrash, an ulpan and a volunteer program; Students work three days a week and study three days a week, and are provided with their own dormitories, break room, and living area.

{{Weather box

| width = auto

| collapsed = yes

| metric first = yes

| single line = yes

| location = Sde Eliyahu (1991–2020)

| Jan record high C = 25.2

| Feb record high C = 31.2

| Mar record high C = 37.6

| Apr record high C = 43.5

| May record high C = 45.4

| Jun record high C = 47.5

| Jul record high C = 47.2

| Aug record high C = 46.7

| Sep record high C = 46.0

| Oct record high C = 43.4

| Nov record high C = 35.3

| Dec record high C = 28.8

| year record high C = 47.5

| Jan high C = 18.4

| Feb high C = 19.9

| Mar high C = 24.0

| Apr high C = 29.0

| May high C = 33.7

| Jun high C = 36.5

| Jul high C = 38.2

| Aug high C = 38.3

| Sep high C = 36.6

| Oct high C = 32.9

| Nov high C = 26.1

| Dec high C = 20.3

| year high C = 29.5

| Jan mean C = 13.1

| Feb mean C = 14.0

| Mar mean C = 17.1

| Apr mean C = 21.2

| May mean C = 25.4

| Jun mean C = 28.4

| Jul mean C = 30.6

| Aug mean C = 31.1

| Sep mean C = 29.3

| Oct mean C = 25.9

| Nov mean C = 19.9

| Dec mean C = 14.9

| year mean C = 22.6

| Jan low C = 7.8

| Feb low C = 8.1

| Mar low C = 10.2

| Apr low C = 13.3

| May low C = 17.1

| Jun low C = 20.2

| Jul low C = 22.9

| Aug low C = 23.8

| Sep low C = 21.9

| Oct low C = 18.9

| Nov low C = 13.7

| Dec low C = 9.5

| year low C = 15.6

| Jan record low C = -3.0

| Feb record low C = -0.6

| Mar record low C = 1.9

| Apr record low C = -0.3

| May record low C = 9.2

| Jun record low C = 13.1

| Jul record low C = 17.6

| Aug record low C = 18.5

| Sep record low C = 13.2

| Oct record low C = 10.8

| Nov record low C = 1.9

| Dec record low C = 0.2

| year record low C = -3.0

| precipitation colour = green

| Jan precipitation mm = 68.7

| Feb precipitation mm = 57.2

| Mar precipitation mm = 30.6

| Apr precipitation mm = 13.3

| May precipitation mm = 5.5

| Jun precipitation mm = 0.0

| Jul precipitation mm = 0.0

| Aug precipitation mm = 0.0

| Sep precipitation mm = 0.3

| Oct precipitation mm = 12.8

| Nov precipitation mm = 31.3

| Dec precipitation mm = 61.4

| year precipitation mm = 281.1

| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm

| Jan precipitation days = 8.6

| Feb precipitation days = 7.4

| Mar precipitation days = 4.5

| Apr precipitation days = 2.1

| May precipitation days = 0.9

| Jun precipitation days = 0.0

| Jul precipitation days = 0.0

| Aug precipitation days = 0.0

| Sep precipitation days = 0.1

| Oct precipitation days = 1.9

| Nov precipitation days = 4.1

| Dec precipitation days = 6.7

| year precipitation days = 36.3

| source = NOAA{{cite web

|url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Israel/CSV/SEDEELIYYAHU_NA.csv

|title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Sde Eliyahu

|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

|access-date = January 10, 2024}}

}}

• Moshe Unna, former member of the Knesset

{{reflist}}

• Katz, Yossi (2007). [https://kotar.cet.ac.il/KotarApp/Viewer.aspx?nBookID=101311496 The Religious Kibbutz During the Mandate Period] (in Hebrew). Jerusalem: Bar-Ilan University. p. 11–44, 77–109, 177-185. {{ISBN|978-965-226-171-7}}

• [http://www.sde.org.il Official website]

{{Valley of Springs Regional Council}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Kibbutzim

Category:Religious Kibbutz Movement

Category:Populated places established in 1939

Category:1939 establishments in Mandatory Palestine

Category:Populated places in Northern District (Israel)

Category:German-Jewish culture in Israel