Sergei Dovlatov

Image:sergei-dovlatov-tomb.jpg

Dovlatov was born on 3 September 1941 in Ufa, the capital of Bashkir ASSR in the Soviet Union, where his family had been evacuated in the beginning of World War II from Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg) and lived with a collaborator of The People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD) for three years. His mother, Nora Sergeevna Dovlatova, was Armenian, and his father, {{ill|Donat Isaakovich Mechik|ru|Мечик, Донат Исаакович}}, was Jewish and a theater director.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QMAimHc1pgkC&q=%22Sergei+Dovlatov%22+half-Jewish&pg=PA96|title = Literature in Exile|isbn = 0822309874|last1 = Foundation|first1 = Wheatland|year = 1990| publisher=Duke University Press }} Nora originally worked as an actress, and was a close friend of Nina Cherkasova, wife of actor Nikolay Cherkasov; in 1949, she separated from Donat, and began to work as a proofreader. Sergei would live with her in Leningrad.{{cite book |last1=Kovalova |first1=Anna |last2=Lurye |first2=Lev |title=Dovlatov |date=2009 |publisher=Amfora |url=https://archive.org/details/dovlatov0000unse |access-date=14 March 2025}}{{rp|p=15}}

Dovlatov enrolled in the Finnish Department of Leningrad State University in 1958, but flunked after two and a half years. There, he became acquainted with the Leningrad poets Yevgeny Rein, Anatoly Naiman, Joseph Brodsky, the writer Sergey Wolf, and the artist Alexander Ney.

He was drafted into the Soviet Internal Troops and served as a prison guard in high-security camps. Later, he earned his living as a journalist in various newspapers and magazines in Leningrad and then as a correspondent of the Tallinn newspaper "Sovetskaya Estonia" (Советская Эстония/Soviet Estonia). He supplemented his income by being a summer tour guide in Mikhaylovskoye Museum Reserve, a museum near Pskov dedicated to Alexander Pushkin. Dovlatov wrote prose fiction, but his numerous attempts to get published in the Soviet Union were in vain.

Unable to publish in the Soviet Union, Dovlatov circulated his writings through samizdat and by having them smuggled into Western Europe for publication in foreign journals; an activity that caused his expulsion from the Union of Soviet Journalists in 1976. The Western Russian-Language magazines which published his work include "Continent" and "Time and Us."{{cite web |url=http://www.konkurent-krsk.ru/index.php?id=1845 |title=Сергей Довлатов: «Мне суждено было побывать в аду» |website=konkurent-krsk.ru |lang=ru |access-date=2024-10-11}} The typeset 'formes' of his first book were destroyed under the order of the KGB.

In 1979, Dovlatov emigrated from the Soviet Union with his mother, Nora, and came to live with his wife and daughter in New York City, where he later co-edited The New American, a liberal, Russian-language émigré newspaper. In the early 1980s, Dovlatov finally achieved recognition as a writer, being printed in the prestigious magazine The New Yorker.{{cite web |title=Sergei Dovlatov |url=https://www.newyorker.com/contributors/sergei-dovlatov |website=newyorker.com |access-date=2024-10-08}} Dovlatov died of heart failure on 24 August 1990 in New York City{{cite web |author=Roger Cohen |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/08/25/obituaries/sergei-dovlatov-48-soviet-emigre-who-wrote-about-his-homeland.html |title=Sergei Dovlatov, 48, Soviet Emigre Who Wrote About His Homeland |website=The New York Times |date=1990-08-25 |access-date=2024-10-08}} and was buried at the Mount Hebron Cemetery.

Dovlatov published twelve books in the United States and Europe during his twelve years as an immigrant. In the USSR, the writer was known from underground publication samizdat and broadcasting organization Radio Liberty Channel since his works were not published in the Soviet Union. After his death and the beginning of Perestroika as a turning point in the Russian history, numerous collections of his short stories were also published in Russia.

Published during his lifetime:

• The Invisible Book (Невидимая книга) — Аnn Arbor: Ardis, 1977
• Solo on Underwood: Notebooks (Соло на ундервуде: Записные книжки) — Paris: Третья волна, 1980.
• The Compromise (Компромисс) — New York: Knopf, 1981.
• The Zone: A Prison Camp Guard's Story (Зона: Записки надзирателя), 1982 (trans. New York: Knopf, 1985)
• Pushkin Hills (Заповедник), 1983 (trans. Berkeley, CA: Counterpoint, 2014)File:Dovlatov-memorial-plaque-spb.jpg (Russia), Rubinstein str.]]
• The March of the Single People (Марш одиноких) — Holyoke: New England Publishing Co, 1983.
• Ours (Наши) — Ann Arbor: Ардис, 1983.
• Demarche of Enthusiasts (Демарш энтузиастов) (cowritten with Vagrich Bakhchanyan and N. Sagalovskij) — Paris: Синтаксис, 1985.
• Craft: A Story in Two Parts (Ремесло: Повесть в двух частях) — Ann Arbor: Ардис, 1985.
• A Foreign Woman (Иностранка) — New York: Russica Publishers, 1986.
• The Suitcase (Чемодан) — Tenafly: Эрмитаж, 1986.
• The Performance (Представление) — New York: Russica Publishers, 1987.
• Not only Brodsky: Russian Culture in Portraits and Jokes (He только Бродский: Русская культура в портретах и в анекдотах) (cowritten with M. Volkova) — New York: Слово — Word, 1988.
• Notebooks (Записные книжки) — New York: Слово — Word, 1990.
• Affiliate (Филиал) — New York: Слово — Word, 1990.

Joseph Brodsky said of Dovlatov, "He is the only Russian writer whose works will be read all the way through"{{cite journal |first=Peter |last=Weill |title=Brodsky on Dovlatov |journal=Zvezda |issue=8 |year=2000 |url=http://magazines.russ.ru/zvezda/2000/8/br.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030104101652/http://magazines.russ.ru/zvezda/2000/8/br.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 January 2003}} and that: "The decisive thing is his tone, which every member of a democratic society can recognize: the individual who won't let himself be cast in the role of a victim, who is not obsessed with what makes him different."{{cite journal |first=Joseph |last=Brodsky |title=О Сереже Довлатове |journal= Zvezda |issue=2 |year=1992 |trans-title=On Serezha Dovlatov |lang=ru |url=http://www.sergeidovlatov.com/books/brodsky.html |access-date=2024-10-11}}

Dovlatov's rule that, as he said, "limited the prosaic just like rhyme limits the poet", was to build the sentences so that there were no two words that started with the same letter. Thus his sentences are mostly short and simple, rarely containing clauses.

As he expressed in Craft: A Story in Two Parts (1985), his idol was Ernest Hemingway, at least in earlier literary life, and his works were largely autobiographic, reminiscent of Hemingway's style. Later, he became much fascinated and influenced by Joseph Brodsky, whom he knew well personally.{{cite web |url=https://blogs.lib.umich.edu/beyond-reading-room/ironic-russian-author-sergei-dovlatov’s-connections-university-michigan |title=Ironic: Russian Author Sergei Dovlatov's Connections to the University of Michigan |website=blogs.lib.umich.edu |date=2016-02-24 |access-date=2024-10-08}}{{cite web |first=Vladimir |last=Yermakov |url=https://www.eurozine.com/sergei-dovlatov-dissident-sans-idea/ |title=Sergei Dovlatov, dissident sans idea |website=eurozine.com |date=2014-10-15 |access-date=2024-10-11}}

On 26 June 2014, the New York City Council named the intersection of 63rd Drive and 108th Street "Sergei Dovlatov Way".[http://legistar.council.nyc.gov/LegislationDetail.aspx?ID=1819346&GUID=DC534F75-60A2-4136-AA22-4D335C4F06E3&Options=&Search= Naming of 63 thoroughfares and public places]. The New York City Council, 26 June 2014. The petition to request this honor was signed by 18,000 people; in the same year a new edition, translated by his daughter Katherine Dovlatov, of the author's 'Pushkin Hills' was published. The work was nominated for Best Translated Book Award. The opening ceremony was held at the corner of 108th Street and 63rd Drive on 7 September 2014; three Russian television news stations recorded the event and the celebration continued at the late author's home nearby.{{cite web|url=http://www.theparisreview.org/blog/tag/sergei-dovlatov/|title=Dovlatov's Way|date=|website=Paris Review|publisher=|first=Daniel|last=Genis|access-date=2 June 2015}}

A biographical film about Sergei Dovlatov was released in 2018. This film was in competition in the Berlinale 2018.{{Cite web|url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/programm/berlinale_programm/datenblatt.php?film_id=201816008#tab=filmStills|title = Dovlatov |website=berlinale.de |access-date=2024-10-11}}

{{reflist}}

• [https://archive.today/20130106020025/http://dovlatov.chkebelski.de/ Sergei Donatovitsch Dovlatov]
• [http://www.russia-ic.com/culture_art/literature/224/ Sergei Dovlatov. Borderline Writings of a Russian Emigrant]
• [https://www.newyorker.com/contributors/sergei-dovlatov Sergei Dovlatov] at The New Yorker

{{Sergei Dovlatov}}

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Category:1941 births

Category:1990 deaths

Category:Burials at Mount Hebron Cemetery (New York City)

Category:Russian male novelists

Category:American writers of Russian descent

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Category:Writers from Saint Petersburg

Category:Soviet emigrants to the United States

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Category:20th-century novelists

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Category:20th-century Russian short story writers

Category:20th-century Russian male writers

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Category:Russian novelists