Sheibani Network
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2010}}
{{Infobox War Faction
|name=Sheibani Network
|war=the Iraq War
|image=
|caption=
|active=2003–present
|leaders=Abu Mustafa al-Sheibani
|clans=
|headquarters=
|area=Southern Iraq and Baghdad
|partof=Iraqi insurgency
Special Groups
|predecessor={{flagicon image|}} Badr Brigades
|successor=
|allies={{flagicon image|Flag of Promised Day Brigades.svg|size=23px}} Mahdi Army
Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq
{{flagicon image|Flag of Promised Day Brigades.svg}} Promised Day Brigades
{{flagicon image}} Kata'ib Hezbollah
File:Shiism arabic blue.svg Other Special Groups
|opponents={{flag|United States of America|size=23px}}
{{flagicon image|Flag of Multi-National Force – Iraq.png|size=23px}} Coalition
{{flagdeco|Iraq}} Iraqi security forces
{{flagicon image|Flag of Jihad.svg|size=23px}} Sunni insurgents
|battles=Iraq War}}
{{Campaignbox Iraq War}}
The Sheibani Network was an Iraqi smuggling network[http://www.irantracker.org/military-activities/irans-hard-power-influence-iraq Iran's Hard Power Influence in Iraq] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141116121150/http://www.irantracker.org/military-activities/irans-hard-power-influence-iraq |date=16 November 2014 }}, 10 April 2009 and Shi'a Insurgent groupBBC [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4267772.stm Iraq exit strategy still elusive], 21 September 2005 led by Abu Mustafa al-Sheibani, an ex-commander of the Supreme Council for Islamic Revolution in Iraq's Badr Brigades. The Badr Brigades' militiamen and supply lines became known collectively as the “Sheibani Network,” which maintained links to Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq (AAH) and to Kata'ib Hezbollah. The group was believed to be used by Iran's Revolutionary Guards' Quds Force to supply Iraqi Special Groups. The group is alleged to be responsible for numerous attacks on Iraqi and Coalition forces. In 2009 the American Enterprise Institute believed that the network consisted of 280 members, divided in 17 units. US commanders estimated that weapons smuggled and used by the group were responsible for the death of 170 and injuries to 600 American soldiers by February 2007.{{cite web|url=http://www.opinionjournal.com/editorial/feature.html?id=110009662 |title=Iran's Provocations |publisher=Opinionjournal.com |accessdate=4 September 2010}} Beginning in February 2013, reports from Iraqi newspapers Al Masalah and Kitabat claimed splits had emerged within Kata'ib Hezbollah, leading to the expulsion of al-Sheibani as its leader.{{Cite web |last=Smyth |first=Phillip |date=2 February 2015 |title=The Shiite Jihad in Syria and Its Regional Effects (Appendix 2: Understanding the Organizations Deployed to Syria) |url=https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/shiite-jihad-syria-and-its-regional-effects |access-date=2023-11-18 |website=The Washington Institute |language=en}} In May 2013 al-Sheibani founded Kata'ib Sayyid al-Shuhada, but retired from his role as leader in 2014 when he became an advisor to Iraqi Interior Minister Mohammed Al-Ghabban.{{Cite web |title=OFAC Designates Iraqi Militiamen (Part 2): KSS and Abu Ala al-Walai |url=https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/ofac-designates-iraqi-militiamen-part-2-kss-and-abu-ala-al-walai |access-date=2023-11-18 |website=The Washington Institute |language=en}}
History
After the 2003 Invasion of Iraq, ex-Badr commander Abu Mustafa al-Sheibani set up his own logistics, arms, and financing network using his connections with the Badr Organisation, which he also supplied. In January 2005 he was recruited by the Quds Force to supply the Muqtada al-Sadr's Jaish al-Mahdi (JAM) as well as a splinter group led by Qais al-Khazali: the Khazali Network, which would later become AAH. The Sheibani Network, via old Badr smuggling routes trafficked explosively formed penetrators (EFPs), improvised explosive devices (IEDs), 107mm rockets, 122mm rockets, Katyusha rockets, and a variety of mortars into Iraq. They also made bombs themselves.[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/iraq/article568607.ece Iran blamed as militias step up Basra violence] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081007174735/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/iraq/article568607.ece |date=7 October 2008 }} Other than weapons, the group also smuggled money, designated for special groups, from Iran to Iraq and transported militiamen from other groups from Iraq to Iran and Lebanon to receive training.United States Department of the Treasury [http://www.ustreas.gov/press/releases/hp759.htm Treasury Designates Individuals, Entity Fueling Iraqi Insurgency] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528030129/http://www.ustreas.gov/press/releases/hp759.htm|date=28 May 2010}}
The group itself also took part in insurgent activities, and is alleged to be involved in the killing of six British Royal Military Policemen in June 2003 by a mob in Majar al-Kabir, Maysan Governorate. They are also said to be responsible for a roadside bombing which killed 3 British soldiers in July 2005 in al-Amarah and an attack in August 2005 against an embassy convoy in Basra which killed 3 British bodyguards. By September 2005 the group was alleged to be responsible for the death of at least 11 British soldiers. The group's fighters are said to have received training from the Quds Force and Lebanese Shi'a militia Hezbollah.{{cite web |url=http://yalibnan.com/site/archives/2007/03/us_worried_that.php |title=U.S. worried that Iran supplied weapons to Iraq & Lebanon |location=LB |publisher=Yalibnan.com |date=27 March 2007 |accessdate=4 September 2010 |archive-date=20 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320094411/http://yalibnan.com/site/archives/2007/03/us_worried_that.php |url-status=dead }} They have also been alleged to be responsible for the assassinations of local police chiefs hostile to Shi'a militia and politicians who are against Iranian influence, such as the Police Chief of Najaf, the Deputy-Governor of Najaf Governorate and Muhammad al-Friji, an Iraqi Colonel.
The group's activities were said to be increasing in mid-2010 and it was said to be closely cooperating with Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq.{{Cite web|url=http://www.upi.com/Top_News/Special/2010/09/30/Iraq-Return-of-Sheibanis-killer-squads/UPI-36301285859253/|title=Iraq: Return of Sheibani's killer squads}} The network is believed to have dissolved by 2014.
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Armed Iraqi Groups in the Iraq War and the Iraq Civil War}}
Category:Factions in the Iraq War
Category:Iraqi insurgency (2003–2011)