Shipibo-Conibo

{{More citations needed|section|date=February 2024}}

The Shipibo-Conibo have lived in the Amazonian rainforest for millennia. Many of their traditions are still practiced, such as ayahuasca medicine work. Medicine songs have inspired artistic tradition and decorative designs found in their clothing, pottery, tools, and textiles. Some of the urbanized people live around Pucallpa in the Ucayali region, an extensive indigenous zone. Most others live in scattered villages over a large area of jungle forest extending from Brazil to Ecuador.

Shipibo-Conibo women make beadwork and textiles and are known for their pottery, decorated with maze-like red and black geometric patterns. While these ceramics were traditionally made for use in the home, an expanding tourist market has provided many households with extra income through the sale of pots and other craft items. They also prepare chapo, a sweet plantain beverage.

The Shipibo of the village of Paoyhan used to have a diet of fish, yuca, and fruits. The situation has deteriorated because of global weather changes, however, and now, with drought followed by flooding,{{cite web |last1=Dev |first1=Laura |title=Emergency Disaster Relief for Flooding in Paoyhan |url=https://lauradev.com/2021/03/06/emergency-disaster-relief-for-flooding-in-paoyhan/ |website=Laura Dev |access-date=28 February 2024 |date=6 March 2021}} most mature fruit trees have died, and some of the banana trees and plantains are struggling. Global increases in energy and food prices have risen due to deforestation and erosion along the Ucayali River.{{cite journal|last=Bradfield|first=R.B|author2=James Lauriault |title= Diet and Food Beliefs of Peruvian Jungle Tribes. I. The Shipibo (Monkey People)|journal= Journal of the American Dietetic Association|year=1961|volume=39 |issue=2|pages=126–28|doi=10.1016/S0002-8223(21)15477-X |s2cid=239493307}}

Contact with the developed world—including the governments of Peru and Brazil—has been sporadic over the past three centuries. The Shipibo are noted for a rich and complex cosmology, which is tied directly to the art and artifacts they produce. Christian missionaries have worked to convert them since the late 17th century,{{cite journal|last=Eakin|first=Lucille|author2=Erwin Lauriault |author3=Harry Boonstra |title=Bosquejo etnográfico de los shipibo-conibo del Ucayali|journal=Lima|year=1980|page=101}}{{cite journal|last=Kensinger|first=Kenneth M|title=Panoan linguistic, folklorisic and ehtnographic research: retrospect and prospect|journal=South American Indian Languages: Retrospect and Prospect|year=1985|pages=224–85|doi=10.7560/775923-006 |s2cid=243770817 }} particularly the Franciscans.{{CathEncy|wstitle=Sipibo Indians}}

{{More citations needed|section|date=February 2024}}

File:Shipibo.png ethnicities (shown in dark green)]]

With an estimated population of over 20,000, the Shipibo-Conibo represent approximately 8% of the indigenous registered population.{{Clarify|date=February 2024|reason=of what area? The entire country?}} Census data is unreliable due to the transitory nature of the group. Large numbers of the population have relocated to urban areas—in particular the eastern Peruvian city of Pucallpa and Yarinacocha District—to gain access to better educational and health services as well as to look for alternative sources of income.

The population numbers for this group have fluctuated in the last decades, between approximately 11,000 (Wise and Ribeiro, 1978) to as many as 25,000 individuals (Hern 1994).

Like all other indigenous populations in the Amazon basin, the Shipibo-Conibo are threatened by severe pressure from outside influences, such as oil speculation, logging, narco-trafficking, and conservation.{{cite journal|last=Bardales R.|first=César|title=Quimisha Incabo ini yoia (Leyendas de los shipibo-conibo sobre los tres Incas)|journal=Comunidades y Culturas Peruanas|year=1979|issue=12|page=53}}{{cite journal|last=Eakin|first=Lucille|title=Nuevo destino: The life story of a Shipibo bilingual educator|journal=Summer Institute of Linguistics Museum of Anthropology Publication|issue=9|page=26}}

{{Portal|Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Peru}}

• Guillermo Arévalo
• Shipibo language
• Santa Clara de Uchunya v. Plantaciones de Pucallpa and the Regional Government of Ucayali

{{Reflist}}

• {{cite book |last=Olson |first=James Stuart |authorlink=James S. Olson |title=The Indians of Central and South America: An Ethnohistorical Dictionary |chapter=Shipibo |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=175c4xOpLtYC&pg=PA330 |year=1991 |publisher=Greenwood Press |location=New York |isbn=978-0-313-26387-3 |oclc=22381053 |pages=330–31}}
• {{cite web |last=Kennedy |first=Lauren |title=La pobreza móvil de los migrantes Shipibo-Conibo: Una investigación de la influencia de la migración en la cosmovisión Shipibo-Conibo de Canta Gallo-Rímac, Lima" (2011) |series=Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection |date=April 2011 |id=Paper 1080 |language=Spanish |trans-title=An investigation into the influence of migration on the Shipibo-Conibo worldview in Canta Gallo-Rimac |url=http://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection/1080}}

{{commons category|Shipibo-Conibo}}

• [http://www.shipiboconibo.org Shipibo Conibo Center] of New York, NY, USA
• [https://americanindian.si.edu/collections-search/objects/NMAI_258879?destination=edan_searchtab%3Fpage%3D2%26edan_fq%255B0%255D%3Dset_name%253A%2522Shipibo%2522 Shipibo art] and [http://www.nmai.si.edu/searchcollections/results.aspx?regid=198 Conibo art] at the National Museum of the American Indian, USA
• [https://shamanfashionista.com/ Ana Jost] is a fashion designer with Shipibo roots.

{{Ethnic groups in Peru}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shipibo-Conibo People}}

Category:Ethnic groups in Peru