Shoukhrat Mitalipov

Mitalipov was born in 1961 in Almaty, Kazakhstan, then part of the Soviet Union. He is of Uyghur ancestry.{{cite news |url= http://www.oregonlive.com/health/index.ssf/2013/06/oregon_stem-cell_groundbreaker.html |title= Oregon Stem-cell Groundbreaker Stirs International Frenzy with Cloning Advance |date= June 2, 2013 |last= Budnick |first= Nick |newspaper= The Oregonian |accessdate= March 4, 2015}} He served two years in Soviet military, beginning in 1979, as an army radio technician.

After the military, Mitalipov studied genetics at the Timiryazev Agricultural Academy in Moscow and also played blues guitar in a cover band to pay the bills. After his graduation from the academy, he worked for a short time as the chief livestock specialist in a kolkhoz in the Yaroslavl region.{{Cite web|url=http://alla-astakhova.ru/tonkaya-rabota/|title=Тонкая работа|last=Астахова|first=Алла|date=12 August 2017|website=Блог о здравоохранении|language=Russian}} He received his master's degree in 1989. He earned his PhD in developmental and stem cell biology from the Research Centre of Medical Genetics in Moscow. After the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 funding for stem cell research was scarce, so Mitalipov applied for and won a fellowship at Utah State University in 1995. He started working at the Oregon National Primate Research Center in 1998, where he could work with monkeys, which share 98% of their DNA with humans; at Utah State Mitalipov had worked with cow DNA.

A therapy for mitochondrial diseases that Mitalipov discovered, the "spindle transfer" technique, involves removing the nucleus from a human egg and placing it into another. If the egg is fertilized, in genetic terms it would have three parents. Mitalipov has successfully bred "three-parent" rhesus macaques. The possibility of using the procedure on human eggs has raised safety and ethics questions.

In May 2013, Mitalipov and his team published a study in Cell that describes a new process for creating human stem cells from skin cells. The stem cell discovery made several journals' "Top 10" scientific breakthrough lists in 2013, including Nature, Science, Time, Discover, National Geographic and The Week.

In August 2017, Mitalipov's collaborative work with the Institute for Basic Science, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Seoul National University, BGI-Shenzhen and BGI-Qingdao, was published in Nature.{{cite journal | doi = 10.1038/nature23305 | volume=548 | title=Correction of a pathogenic gene mutation in human embryos | year=2017 | journal=Nature | pages=413–419 | last1 = Ma | first1 = Hong | last2 = Marti-Gutierrez | first2 = Nuria | last3 = Park | first3 = Sang-Wook | last4 = Wu | first4 = Jun | last5 = Lee | first5 = Yeonmi | last6 = Suzuki | first6 = Keiichiro | last7 = Koski | first7 = Amy | last8 = Ji | first8 = Dongmei | last9 = Hayama | first9 = Tomonari | last10 = Ahmed | first10 = Riffat | last11 = Darby | first11 = Hayley | last12 = Van Dyken | first12 = Crystal | last13 = Li | first13 = Ying | last14 = Kang | first14 = Eunju | last15 = Park | first15 = A.-Reum | last16 = Kim | first16 = Daesik | last17 = Kim | first17 = Sang-Tae | last18 = Gong | first18 = Jianhui | last19 = Gu | first19 = Ying | last20 = Xu | first20 = Xun | last21 = Battaglia | first21 = David | last22 = Krieg | first22 = Sacha A. | last23 = Lee | first23 = David M. | last24 = Wu | first24 = Diana H. | last25 = Wolf | first25 = Don P. | last26 = Heitner | first26 = Stephen B. | last27 = Carlos Izpisua Belmonte | first27 = Juan | last28 = Amato | first28 = Paula | last29 = Kim | first29 = Jin-Soo | last30 = Kaul | first30 = Sanjiv | last31 = Mitalipov | first31 = Shoukhrat | issue=7668 | pmid=28783728| doi-access = free | bibcode=2017Natur.548..413M }}{{Expression of Concern|doi=10.1038/nature23305|pmid=28783728|http://retractionwatch.com/2017/09/02/weekend-reads-3/ Retraction Watch|http://retractionwatch.com/2017/10/05/nature-adds-alert-heavily-debated-paper-gene-editing/ Retraction Watch}} performed the first known successful attempt at genetically correcting mutant human embryos, using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene modifying tool.

Mitalipov and his team experimented upon a larger number of human embryos carrying a genetic defect causing heart disease. They demonstrated the possibility of safely and efficiently correcting the defective gene that cause inherited heart disease.{{Cite web|url=https://www.technologyreview.com/s/608350/first-human-embryos-edited-in-us/|title=First human embryos edited in U.S., using CRISPR|last=Connor|first=Steve|website=MIT Technology Review|language=en|access-date=2019-02-17}}

• 1995 – Fellowship award, Exchange Visitor Program "Cooperation in Applied Sciences and Technologies (CAST)". Development of culture system to maintain pluripotency of bovine embryonic stem cells. Utah State University.
• 2010 – Recipient of the 2010 Discovery Award, The Medical Research Foundation of Oregon
• 2010 – Recipient of 2010 Women's Health Research Award, the Center for Women's Health, Circle of Giving
• 2013 – Recognized by journal Nature as top 10 people who mattered in 2013
• 2017 – Recipient of "Thousand Talents Plan" Award in China in the category of the Recruitment Program for Foreign Experts{{Cite web|url=http://www.ohsu.edu/xd/about/index.cfm?sAddToHeader=&sPageStyle=Interior%20Full%20Width&sPromotedParentLabel=&sHorizontalJSONNav=&sPromotedParentHeader=&sPageTitle=Shoukhrat%20Mitalipov%2C%20Ph%2ED%2E%20%7C%20OHSU%20People&bIsStandaloneTemplateCall=true|title=Shoukhrat Mitalipov, PhD {{!}} OHSU People|last=People|first=Oregon Health & Science University|website=Oregon Health & Science University|language=en|access-date=2019-03-25}}

• {{ Cite journal

| year = 2009

| publisher = Nature Portfolio

| issn = 0028-0836

| journal = Nature

| volume = 461

| issue = 7262

| first8 = Cathy

| first7 = Ying

| first6 = Joy

| first5 = Lisa

| first4 = Hong

| first2 = Michelle

| first9 = Olena

| last7 = Li

| last4 = Ma

| last6 = Woodward

| last8 = Ramsey

| last5 = Clepper

| id = NIHMSID 137913

| first1 = Masahito

| last2 = Sparman

| last1 = Tachibana

| pages = 367–372

| s2cid = 1203203

| pmid = 19710649

| pmc= 2774772

| first3 = Hathaitip

| last9 = Kolotushkina

| last3 = Sritanaudomchai

| title = Mitochondrial gene replacement in primate offspring and embryonic stem cells

| doi= 10.1038/nature08368

| first10 = Shoukhrat

| last10 = Mitalipov

| bibcode = 2009Natur.461..367T

| author10-link = Shoukhrat Mitalipov

}}

:— Widely cited including by:

::* {{ Cite journal

| year = 2014

| publisher = Nature Portfolio

| issue = 10

| volume = 15

| journal = Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology

| issn = 1471-0072

| first2 = David

| first1 = Prashant

| last2 = Chan

| last1 = Mishra

| id = NIHMSID 644044

| pages = 634–646

| s2cid = 18105759

| pmid = 25237825

| pmc = 4250044

| doi = 10.1038/nrm3877

| title = Mitochondrial dynamics and inheritance during cell division, development and disease

}}

• Uyghur Americans
• Chimera (genetics)
• Human cloning
• Nuclear transfer
• Germline gene therapy

{{reflist}}

• [http://www.ohsu.edu/xd/research/centers-institutes/onprc/scientific-discovery/scientists/mitalipov.cfm Shoukhrat Mitalipov] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180426023133/http://www.ohsu.edu/xd/research/centers-institutes/onprc/scientific-discovery/scientists/mitalipov.cfm |date=April 26, 2018 }} at the Oregon National Primate Research Center
• [http://www.ohsu.edu/xd/research/centers-institutes/embryonic-cell-gene-therapy-center/ Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy]

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Category:1961 births

Category:Living people

Category:Oregon Health & Science University people

Category:American people of Kazakhstani descent

Category:American people of Uyghur descent

Category:21st-century American biologists

Category:People from Almaty Region

Category:Stem cell researchers