Siege of Uman (1654)
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Siege of Uman
| partof = the Khmelnytsky Uprising
| image = Bohun vs Czernecki battle.jpg
| image_size = 300
| caption = Battle between Ivan Bohun and Stefan Czarniecki
| place = Uman, Right-Bank Ukraine
| date = 2–4 April 1654
| result = Cossack victory
| territory =
| combatant1 = {{flagdeco|Cossack Hetmanate}} Cossack Hetmanate
| combatant2 = 25px Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
{{flagdeco|Crimean Khanate}} Crimean Khanate
| commander1 = {{flagdeco|Cossack Hetmanate}} Ivan Bohun
{{flagdeco|Cossack Hetmanate}} Ivan Sirko
{{flagdeco|Cossack Hetmanate}} Joseph Glukh
| commander2 = 25px Stefan Czarniecki
25px Stanisław Lanckoroński
25px Stanisław Potocki
25px Piotr Potocki
{{flagdeco|Crimean Khanate}} Mehmed IV Giray
{{flagdeco|Crimean Khanate}} Sefre Kazi-aga
| strength1 = Unknown
| strength2 = 25px 8,000+{{Cite web|url=https://runivers.ru/conflicts/campaigns/zimnyaya_kampaniya_1653_1654_gg_russko_polskaya_voyna_1654_1667_gg/|title=Зимняя кампания 1653–1654 гг.|website=runivers.ru|access-date=2025-02-13}}
{{flagdeco|Crimean Khanate}} Unknown
| casualties1 =
| casualties2 =
| casualties3 =
| campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Khmelnytsky Uprising}}
}}
The siege of Uman was conducted the Polish-Lithuanian-Crimean forces against the Cossack garrison of Uman, on 2–4 April 1654.{{Cite book|author=Валерій Смолій |title=Полководці Війська Запорозького (Vol. 1) |year=1998 |publisher="КМ Academia" |isbn=966-518-011-8|page=61}}
Prelude
In March, 1654, Polish-Lithuanian forces conducted offensive actions in Bratslav and Vinnytsia. This was done at the request of John II Casimir who believed in importance of securing these regions. On March 22, Stanisław and Piotr Potocki joined their forces, which now consisted of 8,000 troops. Ivan Bohun retreated from Vinnytsia to Uman where he was pursued to by the Polish-Lithuanian forces.
Siege
On April 2, Polish-Lithuanian forces besieged Uman, where Bohun organised a defense. Polish-Lithuanian forces viewed Uman as the "nest of rebellion" which they sought to eliminate in order to acquire full control. Polish-Lithuanian forces attempted to lure Bohun and his Cossacks out of the fortress in order to "negotiate" with them, but they ignored this request. Potockis and Czarniecki were unable to use trickery in their favour.[https://library.udpu.edu.ua/library_files/7806_01.pdf 400-летию города Умань]. p. 367. Poles assaulted the city and heavily damaged it.{{Cite web|url=http://resource.history.org.ua/cgi-bin/eiu/history.exe?Z21ID=&I21DBN=EIU&P21DBN=EIU&S21STN=1&S21REF=10&S21FMT=eiu_all&C21COM=S&S21CNR=20&S21P01=0&S21P02=0&S21P03=TRN=&S21COLORTERMS=0&S21STR=Umanski_oborony|title=УМАНСЬКІ ОБОРОНИ 1654, 1655, 1674|website=resource.history.org.ua|access-date=2025-02-13}} Nonetheless, all Polish-Lithuanian attacks were repelled after heavy fighting and Uman remained in Cossack hands. On April 4, Polish-Lithuanian army lifted the siege and retreated after the news of incoming Cossack reinforcements.{{Cite book |last=Курбатов |first=Олег |title=Русско-польская война 1654–1667 гг. |date=2019 |publisher=Runivers |page=16 |isbn=5905719195}}
Aftermath
Bohun organised a successful defense of Uman. Bohun, Sirko and Glukh repelled all Polish-Tatar attacks on Uman.{{cite book|author=Sobchenko Ivan Sergeevich|title=Kosh Otaman of Zaporozhian Sich I.D. Sirko (In Russian)|url=https://www.rulit.me/author/sobchenko-ivan-sergeevich/koshevoj-ataman-zaporozhskoj-sechi-i-d-serko-download-603254.html|year=2020|location=Moscow|publisher=Ваш формат|page=49}} Polish-Lithuanian army burnt up to 20 cities and towns during their campaign. Polish-Lithuanian troops massacred civilians in Nemyriv. The campaign revealed the hostility of local population towards Poland-Lithuania. In January 1655, Polish-Lithuanian-Crimean forces launched another assault on Uman.
See also
References
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Category:Sieges involving the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Category:Battles involving the Crimean Khanate
Category:Battles involving the Cossack Hetmanate
Category:Battles of the Khmelnytsky Uprising