Signing of the Treaty of Lisbon

The diplomacy and brokering that lead to the political deal contained in the Treaty of Lisbon (then referred to as the 'Reform Treaty') was largely an achievement by the German presidency of the Council of the European Union, led by Chancellor Angela Merkel in the first half of 2007. At the meeting of the European Council on 18 and 19 October 2007, Portugal, which succeeded Germany as holder of the Presidency, did however insist that the Treaty be signed in Lisbon, the Portuguese capital. This request was granted, and the Treaty was thus to be called the Treaty of Lisbon, in line with the tradition of naming European Union treaties. The Portuguese presidency was appointed to the job of organising a programme and a ceremony for the signing of the treaty in late 2007, later specified to 13 December.[http://euobserver.com/?aid=25372 Proud Portugal leaves mixed EU presidency record], EUobserver.

{{wikisource|José Sócrates on the signing of the Treaty of Lisbon}}

File:Tratado de Lisboa 13 12 2007 (02).jpg giving his speech prior to the signing ceremony]]

At 10:00 the plenipotentiaries from the 27 member states, as well as the presidents of the three main EU institutions, started arriving outside the Jerónimos Monastery with their motorcades. They were in turn met with welcome greetings by Portuguese Prime Minister José Sócrates and Foreign Minister Luis Amado. When all participants and the audience were seated inside the main courtyard of the monastery (with a temporary roof for the occasion), a choir of Portuguese children, accompanied by a piano, performed the original German-language version of the European anthem, the Ludwig van Beethoven's Ode to Joy. After this interlude, the President of the European Commission, José Manuel Barroso; the President of the European Parliament, Hans-Gert Pöttering and the Prime Minister of Portugal (in the role of President of the European Council), José Sócrates, respectively, held speeches stressing the historic significance of the day. Around noon the main signing ceremony began, with representatives from the 27 member states signing the treaty in the alphabetic order. Afterwards, renowned Portuguese folk artist Dulce Pontes performed a musical piece in the country's traditional Fado genre. The programme at Jerónimos Monastery ended with a traditional 'family photo' of the leaders outside the South Gate of the historical building.

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Representatives from the member states signed the treaty in the following order:

{{further|Jerónimos Monastery}}

The Portuguese presidency decided to arrange the main signing ceremony in the main chapel of the Manueline Monastery of Jerónimos from 1502 in the Belém district of Lisbon, partly because this location was also used to sign the Portuguese treaty of accession to the European Union in 1985.

{{ panorama | image = File:JeronimosLisbon.jpg | fullwidth = 4971 | fullheight = 1204 | caption = {{center|The main ceremony was held in the 15th-century Jerónimos Monastery.}} | height = 230 }}

The signing itself took place on a podium with a massive LCD screen in the background, displaying the national flag of a respective member state waving when the representatives from the member state signed the Treaty.

British Prime Minister Gordon Brown was the only national representative who was planned to sign the Treaty in the ceremony but did not take part, leaving Foreign Secretary David Miliband to sign the Treaty alone. Instead, he signed the document at a lunch for heads of state and government later the same day. A requirement to appear before a committee of British MPs was cited as the reason for his absence.{{cite news |title=Government wins first round in battle over EU treaty |url=http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5jzzkp7y5jlF1NfWZvevJxKvi81UA |quote=The British leader raised eyebrows by arriving late for a grand ceremony to sign the new EU treaty in Lisbon last month with what many regarded as a flimsy excuse – he had had to appear before a committee of MPs. |publisher=Agence France-Presse |date=January 21, 2008 |accessdate=2009-10-28 }} This brought criticism from opposition parties. The Conservatives claimed it made him appear "gutless" and referred to it as a "stunt" which proved Brown was "not very good at international diplomacy". The Liberal Democrats claimed it raised "serious questions" and Chris Huhne said showed "inept and peevish behaviour that leaves Gordon Brown's reputation for honest dealing with our EU partners hanging by a thread".{{cite news|url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/7141279.stm|title= Brown belatedly signs EU treaty |date=13 December 2007 |publisher=BBC|accessdate=28 October 2009}} Parts of British media also criticised Brown for this, suggesting he did it because he was ashamed to sign the Treaty,{{cite news| url= http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/article3036419.ece|title= Gordon Brown 'ashamed' to sign Lisbon Treaty, say Tories|publisher=Times Online|accessdate=28 October 2009 | location=London | first=Hannah | last=Fletcher | date=11 December 2007}}{{dead link|date=September 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} with Nick Robinson, BBC Political Editor, claiming that Brown was capable of attending the signing but instead chose not to.{{cite news| url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/nickrobinson/2007/12/couldnt_or_woul.html|title= Couldn't or wouldn't |last= Robinson|first= Nick|date=13 December 2007|publisher=BBC|accessdate=14 October 2009}}

File:Eléctrico Tratado de Lisboa.JPG

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Following the group photo outside the monastery, the leaders took a ride on one of Lisbon electric trams together. This unusual way of transporting heads of state and government was described as a symbol of the fraternity of European countries on the path of European integration. The trip ended at the National Coach Museum of Portugal, wherein a festive lunch was held amid a historical collection of royal carriages. The delay of British Prime Minister Gordon Brown resulted with him arriving at the museum and signing the Treaty there.[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1572410/EU-ceremony-beckons-for-Gordon-Brown.html Proud Portugal leaves mixed EU presidency record], Telegraph.

Protestors were present in Lisbon when the treaty was signed. For instance the British pressure group I Want a Referendum staged a demonstration against the treaty being ratified in the United Kingdom by means of approval only by the British Parliament, without holding an additional referendum.[http://www.iwantareferendum.com/events.aspx Events], I Want a Referendum.

The Treaty of Amsterdam established Brussels as the seat of all normal European Council meetings and as the signing coincided with one of those meetings, there was disagreement as to the venue. Belgium, keen not to set any precedent of holding mandatory meetings outside of Brussels against the treaty, wanted the meeting in Brussels whereas the Portuguese EU presidency wanted it in Lisbon in order to call the treaty, the Treaty of Lisbon.

The result was to sign the treaty in Lisbon, then continue the meeting in Brussels which became an open invitation for the media to attack the leaders for taking 27 separate unnecessary plane journeys, undermining the EU's environmental standing just as it sought to get international backing behind a post-Kyoto agreement. In the end, some leaders (such as the three Benelux leaders) plane pooled.[http://euobserver.com/?aid=25320 EU leaders to sign up to new treaty], EUobserver.

The television coverage of the ceremony was produced by Rádio e Televisão de Portugal, the public broadcaster of Portugal.[http://www.eu2007.pt/UE/vEN/Reunioes_Eventos/ChefesEstado/20071023Tratado.htm EU Presidency], Portugal 2007. The ceremony was broadcast live on for instance the website of the Portuguese presidency as well as on international television news networks, including Euronews.

• National Coach Museum
• Ratification of the Treaty of Lisbon

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{{commons category|Treaty of Lisbon#Signing|Treaty of Lisbon}}

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• [http://www.eu2207.pt/ Website of the Portuguese Presidency]

:*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120216232829/http://wm.eu2007.pt/en/20071213TratadoLisboa_en.wmv Ceremony of the signature of the Treaty of Lisbon] (video; archive)

:*[http://www.eu2007.pt/NR/rdonlyres/45886F9B-41A2-40F0-9432-D0CEB800DC86/0/tratadoww.pdf Who's who]

:*[http://www.eu2007.pt/UE/vEN/Reunioes_Eventos/ChefesEstado/20071023Tratado.htm Overview]

• [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7141651.stm EU leaders sign landmark treaty], BBC
• [http://www.euractiv.com/en/future-eu/european-leaders-sign-new-eu-treaty-lisbon/article-169112 European leaders sign new EU treaty in Lisbon], EurActiv
• [http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5gjX8BXi3W7hl05giKdzcmqd0noMg EU leaders sign landmark reform treaty with British PM absent], AFP
• [http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,3003344,00.html Leaders Commit to EU's Future by Signing the Lisbon Treaty], Deutsche Welle
• [http://euobserver.com/?aid=25320 EU leaders to sign up to new treaty], EUobserver
• [https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/dec/13/politics.world Brown flies to Lisbon for belated EU treaty signing], The Guardian
• [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2007/dec/13/politics.eu It is polite to turn up on time], The Guardian
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20091205091336/http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5i9tTogmql-ofEdk_Zw4Dd_mTGKJwD9CAOQ600 With glitz, EU marks start of Lisbon Treaty rules], Associated Press

{{Topics on the Treaty of Lisbon}}

Category:Treaty of Lisbon

Category:2007 in Europe

Category:2007 in the European Union

Category:Treaties concluded in 2007