Skinny pig
{{Short description|Guinea pig breed}}
{{Infobox animal breed
|name = Skinny pig
|image = Skinny Pig Adult Female.jpg
|image_size = 250px
|alt = Adult female Skinny Pig
|caption = Adult female Skinny Pig
|status =Domesticated
|alt_name =
|nickname = Cavy
|country = {{flagicon|CAN}} Canada
|distribution =
|standard =
|use =
|coat = Hairless
|type =
|litter_size =
|life_span = 5–7 years
|fur_type = Mostly hairless
|trait_label =
|trait_data =
|trait1_label =
|trait1_data =
|vernacular_name = Guinea pig
|binomial_name = Cavia porcellus
}}
The Skinny Pig or Skinny is an almost hairless strain of guinea pig. Skinny pigs typically have hair on their muzzles, feet, and legs, but are hairless over the remainder of their bodies. Some of them have a thin covering of fuzzy hair on their backs as well. The Skinny guinea pig is not one of the 13 recognized cavy breeds by the American Cavy Breeders Association. A healthy skinny has skin that is mostly smooth, with some wrinkling around the legs and neck. The body is full with no appearance of spine or ribs. Skinnies can come in a variety of skin colors and patterns, including "Dutch", "Brindle", and "Himalayan". The term skinny is used for hairless guinea pigs either because it colloquially refers to the exposed skin of the animal, or because it describes their thinner appearance due to their lack of hair.
Unique traits
The modern strain of skinny guinea pig originated from a cross between haired guinea pigs and a hairless lab strain. The hairless strain that it is most likely related to was a spontaneous genetic mutation that was first identified at Montreal's Armand Frappier Institute in 1978, in a colony of Hartley lab guinea pigs. In 1982 they were sent to Charles River Laboratories to be bred for laboratory use and are commonly used in dermatology studies today.{{cite web|url=http://www.criver.com/products-services/basic-research/find-a-model/iaf-hairless-guinea-pig-(1)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140802113303/http://www.criver.com/products-services/basic-research/find-a-model/iaf-hairless-guinea-pig-(1)|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 2, 2014|website=Charles River|title=IAF Hairless Guinea Pig}} They are an outbred strain that has an intact thymus{{cite web|url=http://netvet.wustl.edu/species/guinea/guinpig.txt|title=The Guinea Pig: Biology, Care, Identification, Nomenclature, Breeding, and Genetics|last=Banks|first=Ron|website=Washington University in St. Louis|publisher=USAMRIID Seminar Series|date=17 February 1989|accessdate=25 November 2017|format=txt}} and standard immune system.{{cite web|url=http://webhill.altervista.org/school/lab_animal/labanimal.lec.11.03.98|title=Lab Animal Lecture|date=11 March 1998|first=Hillary Gorman|last=Israeli|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308031304/http://hillary.net/school/lab_animal/labanimal.lec.11.03.98|url-status=live|archive-date=8 March 2016}}{{Better source needed|reason=Source is a student's notes taken over a veterinary school presentation.|date=July 2020}}
Hairless skinny guinea pigs are not significantly different physiologically from regular haired guinea pigs,{{cite web|url=http://www.guinealynx.info/records/viewtopic.php?t=43|website=Guinea Lynx Records|title=The Special Needs of Skinnies|date=18 May 2008|access-date=25 November 2017}} although they need to eat more to maintain body heat. The optimal temperature range for a hairless guinea pig is {{convert|68|to|79|F|C}}, which is slightly higher than the optimal temperature range for the haired guinea pig.
Their sensitive skin has very much the same appearance as human skin,{{cite journal|last1=Sueki|first1=H.|last2=Gammal|first2=C.|last3=Kudoh|first3=K.|last4=Kligman|first4=A. M.|title=Hairless guinea pig skin: anatomical basis for studies of cutaneous biology|journal=European Journal of Dermatology|volume=10|issue=5|pages=357–364|publisher=John Libbey Eurotext|url=https://www.jle.com/fr/revues/ejd/e-docs/hairless_guinea_pig_skin_anatomical_basis_for_studies_of_cutaneous_biology_100897/article.phtml?cle_doc=00018A21|date=August 2000|pmid=10882943|language=fr, en|url-access=limited}} but has the same needs as normal guinea pig skin. Exposed skin is vulnerable to sunburn, other injuries and fungal infections unless precautions are taken. Skinny guinea pigs have also been found to have an increased risk of some eye diseases when compared to haired guinea pigs.{{Cite journal |last1=Wu |first1=Doris |last2=Linde Henriksen |first2=Michala |last3=Grant |first3=Krystan |last4=Lyakhova |first4=Tanya |last5=Sharp |first5=Julia L.|author5-link=Julia Sharp |last6=Daniels |first6=Joshua B. |date=March 2020 |title=Ocular findings and selected ophthalmic diagnostic tests in a group of young commercially available Guinea and Skinny pigs ( Cavia porcellus ) |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/vop.12709 |journal=Veterinary Ophthalmology |language=en |volume=23 |issue=2 |pages=234–244 |doi=10.1111/vop.12709 |pmid=31562703 |s2cid=203580757 |issn=1463-5216}} Skinny guinea pigs should be housed indoors, and they are usually kept with nesting materials such as a blanket or cloth bag for heat conservation. The breeding protocol for skinny guinea pigs requires outcrossing to haired carriers at least every other generation. This is an important step in the breeding process, which makes them a poor choice for novice breeders. Skinny guinea pigs are born nearly hairless and must maintain the same level of hair through their life.
"Werewolf" is a slang term for skinny pigs with more hair than usual, extending up over the face and onto the neck and shoulders. Extremely hairy werewolf skinny pigs will have hair all the way down to their rump. Werewolves typically gain and lose fur based on hormone levels, especially hormones related to pregnancy.{{cite web|url=https://minifluffsrabbitry.weebly.com/cavy-genetics-101.html|title=Cavy Genetics - Basics of the Breeds|website=Minifluffs Rabbitry|accessdate=25 November 2017}}
The gene causing hairlessness in skinny guinea pigs is a recessive gene, and breeding two skinny guinea pigs together will always result in all offspring being skinny pigs. Breeding a skinny guinea pig to a standard haired guinea pig will result in offspring that all carry one copy of the gene, but none will express hairlessness.{{cite web|url=https://www.thespruce.com/hairless-guinea-pigs-1238898|title=Hairless Guinea Pigs|last=McLeod|first=Lianne|website=The Spruce Pets|publisher=The Spruce|accessdate=28 November 2017}} These offspring are generally called skinny carriers. Breeding two skinny carriers together will result in averages of 25% of offspring being skinny guinea pigs, 50% of offspring being skinny carriers and 25% of offspring being regular haired guinea pigs that do not carry the gene.{{cite web|url=http://www.ahcs-online.com/breeding.php|title=Considerations for Breeding|website=American Hairless Cavy Society|publisher=AHCS-Online|accessdate=28 December 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815192617/http://www.ahcs-online.com/breeding.php|archive-date=15 August 2018}} Since the chance of getting a skinny guinea pig is low, and because it is not possible to visually tell the difference between a haired guinea pig that does carry the gene and one that does not, this method of breeding is not recommended.{{Cn|date=March 2025}}
Haired skinny carriers remain haired their entire life and look like a normal guinea pig despite carrying the hairless gene.
There is a second type of hairless guinea pig called the Baldwin guinea pig; however, its hairlessness is the result of a completely different recessive gene. Breeding a skinny guinea pig with a Baldwin guinea pig will result in offspring that all are haired and carry one copy of the gene for skinny guinea pig hairlessness and one copy of the gene for Baldwin hairlessness.
Even though the skinny is a relatively new breed among pet owners and cavy fanciers, it is gaining popularity in Canada, Europe, Scandinavia, and Russia as well as in the United States where it was introduced into the pet trade in the mid-to-late 1990s.
See also
References
{{reflist}}
- {{cite web|url=https://www.treehugger.com/hairless-guinea-pigs-are-new-pet-craze-4863917 |title=Hairless Guinea Pigs Are a New Pet Craze |website=treehugger.com |date=2020-05-31 |access-date=2021-04-06}}
External links
- [http://www.guinealynx.info/records/viewtopic.php?t=43 Information about caring for skinnies, and links to additional sources at Guinea Lynx Records]