Sky blue#Light sky blue

{{Other uses|Celeste (disambiguation){{!}}Celeste}}

{{infobox color

| title = Celeste

| spelling = colour

| hex = B2FFFF

| source = {{cite book |title=
Il dizionario dei colori:
nomi e valori in quadricromia |author=S.Fantetti e C.Petracchi|publisher=
Zanichelli|year=2001|isbn=8808079953}}

| isccname = Very light bluish green

}}

Celeste ({{IPA|es|θeˈleste, se-|lang}}, {{IPA|it|tʃeˈlɛste|lang}}, {{IPAc-en|lang|s|ᵻ|ˈ|l|ɛ|s|t}}) is the colloquial name for the pale turquoise blue colour. The same word, meaning "of the sky", is used in Spanish, Portuguese and Italian for the colour. Etymologically, it is derived by Latin term {{Lang|la|caelestis}}, that means {{Lang|it|del cielo}} in Italian.{{Cite web |title=Celeste {{!}} Etymology of the name Celeste by etymonline |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Celeste |access-date=2024-01-22 |website=www.etymonline.com |language=en}} There are two "conventional" colours denominated celeste, according to the color models. One is the pure Celeste, (HEX#B2FFFF; RGB 178,255,255) which may be referred as the "true" celeste as it is traditionally or officially understood; in English, it may also be referred to as Italian sky blue (blu cielo italiano){{cite web |title=11 Types of Celeste |url=https://simplicable.com/colors/celeste-color}}{{Cite web |title=Color #b2ffff : Celeste |url=https://www.colorabout.com/color/hex/b2ffff/ |access-date=2024-01-30 |website=ColorAbout |language=en}}{{cite web |title=Celeste color hex code is #B2FFFF |url=https://www.color-name.com/celeste.color |access-date=2024-01-30 |website=www.color-name.com |language=en}}{{cite web |title=Italian Sky Blue - Online Color Tools - PhotoKit.com |url=https://photokit.com/colors/name/italian-sky-blue/ |access-date=2024-01-30 |website=Italian Sky Blue - Online Color Tools - PhotoKit.com |language=en}}{{cite web |title=Italian Sky Blue color - Arteqo Consulting |url=https://www.arteqo.com/en/guide/color/italian-sky-blue/ |access-date=2024-01-30 |website=www.arteqo.com}} and Bianchi Green, referring to Bianchi, the famous Italian company for bikes, the first in the history of vehicles, whose colour is characteristic.{{Cite web |title=Bianchi Green color hex code is #B2FFFF |url=https://www.color-name.com/bianchi-green.color |access-date=2023-10-07 |website=www.color-name.com |language=en}}{{Cite web |title=Celeste |url=https://www.bianchi.com/celeste/ |access-date=2023-10-07 |website=Bianchi |language=en-US}} The Japanese equivalent is known as {{lang|ja-latn|sora iro}} or {{lang|ja-latn|mizuiro}}, referring to the colour of the sky or its reflection on the sea.{{Cite web |title=Colours in Japanese |url=https://omniglot.com/language/colours/japanese.htm |access-date= |website=Omniglot}} The other one is also another conventional celeste (HEX #99cbff and RGB 153,203,255) containing 100% of blue,{{Cite web |title=#99cbff Hex Color Code |url=https://encycolorpedia.com/99cbff |access-date=2024-01-31 |website=encycolorpedia.com |language=en}}{{Cite web |title=Celeste / #99cbff Codice Colore Hex |url=https://encycolorpedia.it/99cbff |access-date=2024-02-29 |website=encycolorpedia.it |language=it}} associated to a more generic color of the sky and remembering a type of light zenithal blue and the next sky blue gradations.

File:Celeste puro tra sole e orizzonte a Torregrotta.jpg and Torregrotta, Sicily in September; the color of the ideal sky is shown with a perfect or near-perfect weather, especially close to the horizon, where the cyan is more evident.]]

Celeste, that is, the pure Celeste strictly speaking (HEX #B2FFFF; RGB 178,255,255){{Cite web |title=Celeste - #B2FFFF - The Official Register of Color Names |url=https://color-register.org/color/celeste |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=color-register.org |language=en-US}} from here on (and which can be thought as the "true" or "conventional" celeste), is a gradation of the cyan{{Cite web |title=Shades of Cyan - The Official Register of Color Names |url=https://color-register.org/list/shades-of-cyan |access-date=2024-03-30 |website=color-register.org}}{{Cite web |title=HEX #B2FFFF color name, color code and palettes - colorxs.com |url=https://www.colorxs.com/color/hex-b2ffff |access-date=2024-03-30 |website=www.colorxs.com}}{{Cite web |title=Celeste / #b2ffff Hex Color Code |url=https://encycolorpedia.com/b2ffff |access-date=2024-03-30 |website=encycolorpedia.com |language=en}} and a cold color.{{Cite web |last=Bruna |date=2021-09-17 |title=Cool Colors: What They Are and How To Use Them (2024) • Colors Explained |url=https://www.colorsexplained.com/cool-colors/ |access-date=2024-03-30 |website=Colors Explained |language=en-US}} It is the colour of the sky with optimal visibility, when it is clear, perfectly or near-perfectly cloudless and sunny with an optimal quantity of humidity, absence or optimal quantity of atmospheric dust, aerosol/particulates with a good or at least moderate AIQ (Air Quality Index),{{Cite web |last=project |first=The World Air Quality Index |title=World's Air Pollution: Real-time Air Quality Index |url=https://waqi.info/ |access-date=2024-05-12 |website=waqi.info |language=en}}{{Cite web |date=2024-05-12 |title=World Air Quality Index (AQI) Ranking {{!}} IQAir |url=https://www.iqair.com/world-air-quality-ranking |access-date=2024-05-12 |website=www.iqair.com |language=en}} absence of mist, haze, resulting in a good diffusion of light blue without saturation, which causes the prevalence of the white or of the warm colours of sunrise and sunset; in these excellent conditions, it is possible to see Celeste and its variations{{Cite web |title=Light Light Blue - #CAFFFB - The Official Register of Color Names |url=https://color-register.org/color/light-light-blue |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=color-register.org |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |title=Really Light Blue - #D4FFFF - The Official Register of Color Names |url=https://color-register.org/color/really-light-blue |access-date=2023-09-17 |website=color-register.org |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |title=Pale Sky Blue color - #BDF6FE - The Official Register of Color Names |url=https://color-register.org/color/pale-sky-blue |access-date=2024-01-28 |website=color-register.org |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |title=Soft Sky Blue color - #C1F1FF - The Official Register of Color Names |url=https://color-register.org/color/soft-sky-blue |access-date=2024-01-28 |website=color-register.org |language=en-US}} perpendicularly to the sun, toward the horizon, where the sunlight is maximum as the sky is directly illuminated, and these shades merge with the golden light of solar rays and the white of the horizon, both in the morning and afternoon, or even across the entire region between the star and the horizon, when the star is high, relatively next to solar or true noon.Naturally, the apparent height of the star from the Earth changes in the year with the four seasons, depending by the axial tilt of the planet respect to the Sun, so this is a general rule. Generically, what is said here for Celeste is valid for the regions between the equator and the two polar circles, including the temperate zones and subtropics. In these zones, the sun remains high enough throughout the year, especially in the warm seasons (spring, summer). Naturally, the closer you are to the equator the higher it will appear. In particular, in the warm seasons, with the inclination of a hemisphere with respect to the sun,{{Cite web |date=2023-05-05 |title=NASA Spacecraft Reveal How Earth's Tilt Causes Seasons in Space Weather – The Sun Spot |url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/sunspot/2023/05/05/nasa-spacecraft-reveal-how-earths-tilt-causes-seasons-in-space-weather/ |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=blogs.nasa.gov |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |title=Seasons of the Year |url=https://pwg.gsfc.nasa.gov/stargaze/Sseason.htm |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=pwg.gsfc.nasa.gov}}{{Cite web |last=Helmenstine |first=Anne |date=2023-11-04 |title=Why Do We Have Seasons on Earth? |url=https://sciencenotes.org/why-do-we-have-seasons-on-earth/ |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=Science Notes and Projects |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |date=2023-09-22 |title=Why does Earth have 4 seasons every year? |url=https://earthsky.org/earth/can-you-explain-why-earth-has-4-seasons/ |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=earthsky.org |language=en-US}} there are simultaneously the optimization of sunlight, daylight hours, and so the pure celeste might be visible in the entire region between the horizon and sun both in the morning and afternoon; generally, the higher the sun is during the day and the year, the less visible celeste and variations will be. In particular, in the morning across the sun and the horizon in the early hours with the rising of the star, sometimes even until noon, until they are reduced to a few stripes on the horizon, where the cyan is more intense. In the afternoon, it is the opposite and the pure celeste and similar gradations could be widely visible between the sun and horizon when the star is high, but starting to go down, that is especially in the early afternoon hours. Instead, in the cold season, with a low sun and sunlight, the pure celeste may be visible only at the horizon, where the cyan is more intense for the maximum light, but is more difficult because of the major weather instability. In anyway, since sunlight is strongest at the horizon, that is where the pure celeste is more evident, producing the tonalities of the cyan, very close to the white.

File:Celeste puro tra sole e orizzonte.jpg and Torregrotta, Sicily, with a perfectly clear, serene and sunny weather in September. Note that the pure celeste is more evident close to the horizon, where the cyan is more intense.]]

Alternatively, other variants, like Celeste polvere, Pallido and Velato, are visible towards the horizon when the sun is near to the zenith, always with discrete or good conditions of visibility. In the afternoon, always with good conditions, these three type of celeste, together with softer and less bright shades of celeste, are visible at straight angle from north to south, until around sunset.

In reality, it can be difficult to observe the pure celeste, being the color of a clear day with optimal meteorological factories; other shades of blue are often visible in the sky, as Light Sky Blue and similar gradations, among which the other conventional celeste, similar to the light blue sky colours rather than the pure celeste. One scientific explanation needs to be made: the sun emits light across the entire electromagnetic spectrum{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=Astronomy |date=2020-07-09 |title=In what part of the electromagnetic spectrum does the Sun emit energy? |url=https://www.astronomy.com/observing/in-what-part-of-the-electromagnetic-spectrum-does-the-sun-emit-energy/ |access-date=2023-12-22 |website=Astronomy Magazine |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |author1=Robert Lea |date=2022-10-24 |title=What color is the sun? |url=https://www.space.com/what-color-is-the-sun |access-date=2023-12-22 |website=Space.com |language=en}} and so celeste, which is very close to the white with a RGB of 178,255,255, is very luminous, and so visible in the direction of the sun because it is there the maximum quantity of solar light, especially towards the horizon, even if human eyes can only perceive the visible light. Here because celeste and variations are easier to be visible in the warm seasons because of the inclination of a hemisphere with respect to the sun, spring and especially summer, with the optimization of solar light, hours of daylight and meteorological factors.

File:Celeste puro all'orizzonte di Messina.jpg of Messina, Sicily, in February; in this part of the year, with a relatively low sun, the pure celeste is shown only at the horizon and around noon.]]

Being the gradation of near-perfectly sunny and clear sky, the color of an ideal sky, it is difficult to see pure celeste, especially during the coldest or most unstable seasons; instead, generically the sky shows the color of the other conventional celeste with 100% of blue, recalling a light zenithal blue and the next other types of sky blue; this is not surprising due to the best diffusion of the blue because of the Raylegh scattering.

Bleu celeste ("sky blue") is a rarely occurring tincture in heraldry (not being one of the seven main colours or metals or the three "staynard colours"). This tincture is sometimes also called ciel or simply celeste. It is depicted in a lighter shade than the range of shades of the more traditional tincture azure, which is the standard blue used in heraldry.Scott-Giles, C. W. (1958). Boutell's Heraldry (rev. ed.). London & New York: Frederick Warne & Co.

The Italian Wikipedia cites {{lang|it|Il dizionario dei colori: nomi e valori in quadricromia}} by S.Fantetti and C.Petracchi and describes multiple variants of celeste as shown below, plus details as defined in the infobox above.{{cite book |title=Il dizionario dei colori: nomi e valori in quadricromia |author=S.Fantetti e C.Petracchi|publisher=Zanichelli|year=2001|isbn=8808079953}}

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{{Infobox color

|title = Light sky blue

|spelling = colour

|source = X11 color names

|hex = 87CEFA

|isccname = Brilliant greenish blue}}

Displayed at right is the web colour light sky blue. It is close in shade to baby blue.

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{{Infobox color

|title=Medium sky blue

|hex=80DAEB

|spelling=colour

|source=Crayola

|isccname=Very light greenish blue}}

Displayed at right is the colour medium sky blue. This is the colour that is called sky blue in Crayola crayons. This colour was formulated by Crayola in 1958.

"Sky blue" appears in the 32, 48, 64, 96 and 120 packs of crayons.

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{{Infobox color

|title=Vivid sky blue

|hex=00CCFF

|spelling=colour

|source=Crayola C.P.

|isccname=Brilliant greenish blue}}

Displayed at right is the colour vivid sky blue.

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{{Infobox color

|title=Deep sky blue

|spelling=colour

|hex=00BFFF

|source=X11

|isccname=Brilliant greenish blue}}

Deep sky blue is an azure-cyan colour associated with deep shade of sky blue.

Deep sky blue is a web colour.

This is the colour on the colour wheel (RGB/HSV colour wheel) halfway between azure and cyan.Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Color Sample of Capri: Page 93 Plate 35 Color Sample L7; The color Capri is shown as lying halfway between Cyan and Azure.

The colour name deep sky blue came into use with the formulization of the X11 colour names over 1985–1989.

The normalized colour coordinates for deep sky blue are identical to Capri, which first came into use as a colour name in English in 1920.Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 191

File:Blue Grotto, Capri, Italy.jpg in Capri, namesake of the original (and ongoing) name for this colour]]

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{{infobox color

| title=French sky blue

| spelling=colour

| hex=77B5FE

| source=[http://pourpre.com/fr/dictionnaire/file/ciel Pourpre.com]

| isccname=Brilliant blue}}

At right is displayed the colour French sky blue, which is the tone of sky blue that is called sky blue (bleu ciel) in the Pourpre.com colour list, a colour list widely popular in France.

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{{infobox color

|title=Spanish sky blue

|hex=00AAE4

|spelling=colour

|source=Gallego and SanzGallego, Rosa; Sanz, Juan Carlos (2005). Guía de coloraciones (Gallego, Rosa; Sanz, Juan Carlos (2005). Guide to Colorations) Madrid: H. Blume. {{ISBN|84-89840-31-8}}

|isccname=Brilliant greenish blue}}

Spanish sky blue is the colour that is called celeste (the Spanish word for "sky blue") in the {{Lang|es|Guía de coloraciones}} (Guide to colourations) by Rosa Gallego and Juan Carlos Sanz, a colour dictionary published in 2005 that is widely popular in the Hispanophone realm.

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{{infobox color

|title=Dark sky blue

|spelling=colour

|hex=8CBED6

|source={{cite web |title=PANTONE 14-4318 TPX Sky Blue| website=Pantone| url=https://www.pantone.com/connect/14-4318-TPX|access-date=19 December 2022}} Displays a sky blue patch; exact rendering will depend upon the computer display used.

|isccname=Light greenish blue}}

Displayed at right is the colour dark sky blue.

This is the colour called sky blue in Pantone.

The source of this colour is the "Pantone Textile Paper eXtended (TPX)" colour list, color #14-4318 TPX—Sky Blue.

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Sports

• Argentina: Following the colours of the flag of Argentina, in which sky blue (celeste in Spanish) is the predominant colour, many Argentine sport teams feature the colour, including Racing Club de Avellaneda, {{Lang|es|Belgrano de Córdoba|italic=no}}, Racing de Córdoba, Club Atlético Temperley, Atlético de Rafaela, Villa San Carlos, {{Lang|es|Gimnasia y Esgrima de Jujuy|italic=no}}, Gimnasia y Tiro de Salta, and Gimnasia y Esgrima de Concepción del Uruguay. In addition, the Argentina national football team is known as the {{Lang|es|albicelestes}} due to the white-and-sky blue striping on their jerseys. This colour scheme is featured in other prominent national squads in popular sports such as rugby, field hockey, polo or volleyball.
• Australia: Sky blue is the main colour of the Australian rugby league team, New South Wales Blues, as it is the official colour of the state they represent.
• Formula One: The Benetton and its successor Renault team won the four drivers' and the constructors' World Championships of the squad with sky blue race cars, driven by Michael Schumacher at Benetton in {{f1|1994}} and {{f1|1995}} and Fernando Alonso at Renault in {{f1|2005}} and {{f1|2006}}.
• Italy: Celeste is the main colour of the football teams Lazio of Rome and Napoli of Naples.
• Sweden: Football club Malmö FF, the club with the most Swedish championships, adopted sky blue shirts in 1920, which have been used for more than a century.
• United Kingdom: Two professional football clubs in England traditionally wear sky blue shirts. Manchester City adopted sky blue as the main colour of their home jersey in 1894 and have used that ever since then.{{cite web |title=Manchester City |url=http://historicalkits.co.uk/Manchester_City/Manchester_City.htm |publisher=Historical Kits |accessdate=19 November 2020}} Coventry City also have had sky blue as the primary colour since the 1960s.{{cite web|url=http://historicalkits.co.uk/Coventry_City/Coventry_City.htm|title=Coventry City|publisher=Historical Kits|accessdate=26 May 2023}}
• Uruguay: The Uruguay national football team has worn a sky blue jersey since 1910, after Uruguayan club team River Plate F.C. wore sky blue while defeating contemporary Argentine powerhouse Alumni Athletic Club. The national team is nicknamed La Celeste. As in Argentina, a number of Uruguayan club teams use sky blue in their uniforms, such as C.A. Cerro, Montevideo City Torque, Club Oriental de Football, and Rocha F.C.

• Air Force blue
• Azure
• Bleu celeste (in heraldry)
• Haint blue
• List of colours
• Marian blue
• Shades of blue
• RAL 5015 Sky blue

{{reflist|30em}}

{{Shades of blue}}

{{Shades of cyan}}

{{Color topics}}

Category:Shades of azure

Category:Symbols of New South Wales