Slabinja

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|title=Historical affiliations |fontsize=80%

|quote=

{{Flagicon|Kingdom of Hungary}} Kingdom of Hungary 1334–1526

→ 23px Croatia in union with the Kingdom

{{Flagicon|Austrian Empire}} Habsburg monarchy 1526–1538

→ {{Flagicon|Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)}} Kingdom of Croatia

{{Flag|Ottoman Empire}} 1538–1685

→ 26px Bosnia Eyalet

{{Flag|Habsburg Monarchy}} 1685–1809

→ Croatian Military Frontier

{{Flag|First French Empire}} 1809–1814

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{{Flag|Austrian Empire}} 1814–1867

→ Croatian Military Frontier

{{Flag|Austria-Hungary}} 1867–1918

→ {{Flagicon|Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia}} Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia

{{Flag|State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs}} 1918

{{Flag|Kingdom of Yugoslavia}} 1918–1941

→ {{Flag|Banovina of Croatia}} 1939–1941

{{Flagicon|NDH}} IS Croatia 1941–1945 (Nazi puppet state)

{{Flag|SFR Yugoslavia}} 1945–1991

→ {{Flagcountry|SR Croatia}}

{{Flagicon|Croatia}} Croatia 1991–present

→ {{Flagcountry|Republic of Serbian Krajina}} 1991–1995 (proto-state)

}}

The Roman Empire conquered this area in the 1st century AD. Construction of roads has started at that time. There are two main roads in the Illyricum Province; one road led from Salona to Siscia and the other from Siscia to Sirmium. The latter course went near today's Slabinja, which is proven by the Roman milestone found near the village.{{cite book |last1=Brunšmid |first1=Josip |title=Kameni spomenici Hrvatskog narodnog muzeja u Zagrebu |date=1905 |publisher=Vjesnik Arheološkog muzeja u Zagrebu |location=Zagreb |page=150 |url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/94627 |accessdate=27 June 2018}} A total of five such milestones were in the area of the village. During the Roman Empire, the area of today's Slabinja was at the southern fringe of the province Pannonia, and Pannonia Superior and Pannonia Savia subsequently.

The first settlers in this area came in the 7th century. In the 10th century, the area became a part of the newly formed the Kingdom of Croatia. Succession crisis to the Croatian throne has weakened the Kingdom which in the end led to the unification with Kingdom of Hungary under the Pacta conventa in 1102.{{cite encyclopedia|title=Histoire de la Croatie |url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/pays/Croatie/115207#395864 |encyclopedia=Larousse online encyclopedia |quote=Liée désormais à la Hongrie par une union personnelle, la Croatie, pendant huit siècles, formera sous la couronne de saint Étienne un royaume particulier ayant son ban et sa diète. |language=French}}{{cite encyclopedia |title=Croatia (History) |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/143561/Croatia/223953/History |quote="Croatia retained its independence under native kings until 1102, when the crown passed into the hands of the Hungarian dynasty." |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=27 June 2023 }} Before that, the Hungarian King's Army led by King Coloman defeated Petar Snačić, the last Croatian king, in the Battle of Gvozd Mountain.{{cite encyclopedia | url=https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/gvozd| title=Gvozd| encyclopedia=Croatian Encyclopedia| publisher=Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography| date=18 October 2012| language=hr| access-date=22 February 2015}}{{cite encyclopedia| url=http://www.enciklopedija.hrNatuknica.aspx?ID=47985| title=Petrova gora| encyclopedia=Croatian Encyclopedia| publisher=Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography| date=| language=hr| accessdate=22 February 2015}} In the Middle Ages, the area of the village belonged to the Dubica cemetery, while the first known holders of the land were the Babonić family. In 1334, Slabinja first appears in a written source when its church is mentioned in a list of parishes of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Zagreb.{{cite web |title=History of Hrvatska Dubica |url=https://www.hrvatska-dubica.hr/index.php/2016-03-17-14-49-09/povijest |website=www.hrvatska-dubica.hr}}

This area was attacked by the Ottomans in 1461 for the first time. In October 1483, near the Dubica, the army of Knyaz Bernardin Frankopan defeated the regional Ottoman forces in the Battle of Una.{{cite book |last1=Klaić |first1=Vjekoslav |title=Povijest Hrvata od najstarijih vremena do svršetka XIX. stoljeća, Knjiga četvrta |date=1988 |publisher=Nakladni zavod |location=Zagreb |pages=164–166 |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/136584899/Klai%C4%87-Vjekoslav-Povijest-Hrvata-Od-najstarijih-vremena-do-svr%C5%A1etka-XIX-stolje%C4%87a-Knjiga-IV-Nakladni-zavod-MH-Zagreb-1974-drugi-dio |accessdate=29 June 2018}} In 1513, the Ottomans attacked the border zone again and occupied Dubica. On 16 August, Croatian Army led by Ban Petar Berislavić clashed with the Ottoman army forces between the Sava and Una rivers and won a great victory over them in the Battle of Dubica.{{cite web |title=Berislavić, Petar |url=https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/berislavic-petar |website=enciklopedija.hr |access-date=26 June 2018}} Estimates of Ottoman casualties range from over 2,000 to 7,000 killed, drowned while fleeing, and imprisoned, together with a large number of freed Christian captives. Among them, there were four army commanders killed and one captured.{{cite book |last1=Klaić |first1=Vjekoslav |title=Povijest Hrvata od najstarijih vremena do svršetka XIX. stoljeća |date=1988 |location=Zagreb |page=302}} After the battle, Berislavić was named as Count of Dubica and Prior of Vrana by King of Hungary and Croatia Vladislaus II. In 1538, during the Third Ottoman Venetian War, Slabinja had fallen under the Ottoman rule and remains under their control until 1685. At the time of Turkish rule, part of the Sanjak of Banja Luka, within Bosnia Eyalet.

Under the anti-Ottoman liberation struggle, in 1685, Croatian Ban Nikola III Erdődy issued a command to curtail the Ottoman army to the Una Valley. The Imperial Army liberated the area. The established conditions of power were confirmed by the 1699 Treaty of Karlowitz, thus the border was formally drawn to the Una Valley.{{cite web |title=About Hrvatska Dubica |url=http://www.lag-una.hr/hrvatska-dubica.html |website=lag-una.hr |accessdate=27 June 2018}} The settlement of the Serbs in the area began in 1687. Ban Erdödy asked Bishop Martin Borković of Zagreb to settle Serbs at the Bishop's estates near Bović and Kirin.

In the southern part of Banovina, near Blinja, the Keglevich family had significant land. Because of this, they stood in constant clash with the Bosnian–Ottoman army. To strengthen the defense forces, the Keglevichs settled a large number of Orthodox Serb families southern from Petrinja and Sunja. In 1693, Count Ferenc Erdődy of Petrinya appointed Knyaz Petar Draškovich as the governor of "Vlachs" (a term used for a community of mostly Orthodox refugees, mainly Serbs{{efn|The term "Vlachs" was also used for Slavs who shared lifestyle (as shepherds) with Romance peoples (Vlachs); it was used for the Serbs who settled the Military Frontier. See: Statuta Valachorum}}) in Slabinja and other surrounding inhabited places. For protection from the Ottoman army, the watchtowers were built along the Una River, several of which were located in Slabinja, one stood near the village's church.

On September 19, 1698, people of Slabinja got a land charter ({{langx|hr|Slabinjska povelja}}). They were granted land as a reward for the service in the Great Turkish War and a defense of the Croatian Military Frontier. The Charter guaranteed them a legal, undisturbed and protected land management in Slabinja. Also, with this act Count Péter Keglevich, Commander-in-chief of the Kostajnica confirmed their earlier taxation and tenancy rights.{{cite web |title=Sjećanje na Slabinjsku povelju |url=https://banija.rs/banija/13682-sjecanje-na-slabinjsku-povelju.html |website=banija.rs |date=30 September 2015 |accessdate=25 June 2018}}{{cite web |title=Godišnjica donošenja Slabinjske povelje |url=https://banija.rs/obicaji/17107-godisnjica-donosenja-slabinjske-povelje.html |website=banija.rs |date=8 September 2017 |accessdate=25 June 2018}} At the time, Knyaz Pavle Dragošević was administrating the County. He was appointed on March 1, 1693. The area was known as the Slabinja County ({{langx|hr|Slabinjska knežija}}) at the time. The County had three stockades (Upper, Middle, and Lower) and about a hundred people capable of military service according to the census on December 13, 1969.{{cite web |title=Služeno Blagodarenje za narod Slabinjski povodom 320 godina Slabinjske povelje |url=https://banija.rs/banija/18544-sluzeno-blagodarenje-za-narod-slabinjski-povodom-320-godina-slabinjske-povelje.html |website=banija.rs |date=18 September 2018 |accessdate=9 January 2020|language=hr}}

In 1703, Emperor Leopold I placed the entire area between Una and Kupa under the military command of the Ban of Croatia, creating the Ban's Borderland (Croatian: Banska Krajina). In the 18th century, there were two major Austro-Turkish wars, the 1716–1718 War and the 1735–1739 War. In the first war, the Imperial Army liberated Northern Bosnia and Serbia, but in the second they lost these areas. In 1749, the Military Frontier was once again reorganized and modeled after the Imperial Army and its regular regiments, so the Ban's Borderland was divided into two regiments: Glina and Kostajnica.

In 1774, the village was listed as "Dorf Szlabina" (Dorf, Eng. a village) on the map of the First Military Survey.{{cite web |title=Europe in the XVIII. century - Banal Grenze (1773–1775)|url=https://mapire.eu/en/map/firstsurvey-banal/?layers=osm%2C136&bbox=1858826.1980820296%2C5652176.117151148%2C1873951.175053959%2C5655997.968565407 |website=mapire.eu |accessdate=25 June 2018}} On the map, it could be found the village's old church, which was then dedicated to Saint Elijah. Today's church was built in 1828. Briefly, Slabinja was under French rule between 1809 and 1814 in the Illyrian Provinces.

According to the 1857 census, the village had 609 inhabitants. After the demilitarization of the Military Frontier, Slabinja was a part of the Kostajnica District in the Zagreb County of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, within the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

In 1918, after the end of World War I, Slabinja became part of the newly formed State of Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs which joined into Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. From 1929 to 1939, Slabinja was part of the Sava Banovina and from 1939 to 1941 of the Banovina of Croatia within the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

As a Serb-populated village, it experienced a particularly difficult time during World War II.{{cite book |last1=Đurić |first1=Đorđe |title=Epitaf kraj zelene rijeke |date=1981 |location=Kostajnica |url=http://www.slabinja.com/knjiga.htm |accessdate=26 June 2018}}

During SFR Yugoslavia (1945–1991) Slabinja was part of large municipality Kostajnica, SR Croatia. Slabinja got electricity in 1963 and the road is asphalted in 1971.

During the Croatian War (1991–1995), the village was part of the unrecognized republic of Srpska Krajina. Slabinja was put back in Croatian Government authority following military victories by the Croatian Army in the 1995 Operation Storm. Since 1995, Slabinja has been an administrative part of the Hrvatska Dubica Municipality, within the Sisak-Moslavina County.

In September 2016, Slabinja got a kids playground funded by Croatia Without Mines Foundation and the Dubica municipality.{{cite web |title=Slabinja dobila dječje igralište – siguran prostor za igru i druženje |url=https://www.radio-banovina.hr/slabinja-dobila-djecje-igraliste-siguran-prostor-igru-druzenje/ |website=radio-banovina.hr |date=20 September 2016 |accessdate=27 June 2018}}{{cite web |title=Mjesto Slabinja dobilo novo dječje igralište |url=http://portal53.hr/mjesto-slabinja-dobilo-novo-djecje-igraliste/ |website=portal53.hr |accessdate=27 June 2018}}{{cite web |title=Otvoreno dječje igralište u Slabinji |url=https://www.smz.hr/site/najob/arhiva-objava-i-vijesti/4142-otvoreno-djeje-igralite-u-slabinji |website=smz.hr |accessdate=27 June 2018}}

{{Geographic Location

|title = Neighbouring towns and villages

|Northwest = Utolica

|North = Šaš

|Northeast = Živaja

|West = Rosulje

|Centre = Slabinja

|East = Baćin

|Southwest = Bačvani (Bosnia)

|South = Johova (Bosnia)

|Southeast = Komlenac (Bosnia)

}}

File:Una Hrvatska Kostajnica.jpg

At {{coord|45|12|17|N|16|41|55|E|type:city}} (45.204722, 16.698611) Slabinja is in the Petrinja-Dubica Downs microregion in Croatia proper, at the south fringe of the Banovina region. The community is {{convert|113|m|0}} above sea level, {{convert|12.6|km|1}} southeast of Hrvatska Kostajnica, {{convert|9.7|km|0}} northwest of Hrvatska Dubica, and {{convert|53|km|0}} south-southeast of the County seat Sisak. The chief river is the Una, which has its source at the Stražbenica mountain in Croatian region Lika. It flows south and parallel to Slabinja towards Dubica, before uniting its waters with those of the Sava.{{cite book |title=Sava River Basin Analysis Report |date=2009 |publisher=ISRBC |location=Zagreb |url=http://www.savacommission.org/dms/docs/dokumenti/documents_publications/publications/other_publications/sava_river_basin_analysis_report_high_res.pdf |accessdate=28 June 2018}}

The topography of Slabinja is irregular. The highest point is the Kaluđer, at about {{convert|192|m|0}} above sea level.

{{see also|Demographics of Croatia}}

{{image frame

|content={{Graph:Chart

|type=stackedrect |width=140

|colors=#C6363C, silver, #0C4076

|xAxisTitle=Year

|x=1991, 2011

|yAxisTitle=Percentage

|y1=87.57, 34.2

|y2= 2.29, 64.08

|y3=10.14, 1.72

}}

|caption=Ethnic groups in Slabinja

{{Aligned table

|cols=3 |row1header=y |col1header=y |col1align=left | style= text-align:right |fullwidth=on

| | 1991 | 2011

| {{legend|#C6363C|Serbs}} | 87.57 % | 34.2 %

| {{legend|silver|Croats}} | 2.29 % | 64.08 %

| {{legend|#0C4076|Others}} | 10.14 % | 1.72 %

}}

|border=no

}}

According to the 2011 Croatian census, Slabinja had a total resident population of 348, or 16.7% of the total of the Hrvatska Dubica municipality. This figure, combined with an area of {{convert|17.89|km2|sqmi|1}}, provides Slabinja with a population density figure of {{convert|19.45|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}. This is lower than the average population density of Croatia (at {{convert|75.8|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi|0|abbr=on|disp=or}}) and Sisak-Moslavina County (at {{convert|39|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi|0|abbr=on|disp=or}}). The village had 119 family households.

Ethnic Croats made up {{Percentage|223|348|2}} (223/348) of Slabinja population while ethnic Serbs made up {{Percentage|119|348|2}} (119/348).{{cite web|title=Toponim: Slabinja, Hrvatska Dubica.|url=https://actacroatica.com/hr/location/slabinja/|website=actacroatica.com|accessdate=28 May 2018}} Twenty years before, according to the 1991 census,Izdanje Državnog zavoda za statistiku RH: Narodnosni sastav stanovništva RH od 1880-1991. godine. {{Percentage|458|523|2}} of the village population were ethnic Serbs (458/523), {{Percentage|12|523|2}} were ethnic Croats (12/523), {{Percentage|42|523|2}} were Yugoslavs (42/523), and {{Percentage|11|523|2}} and were of other ethnic origin (11/523).

{{Historical populations

|title = Historical populations of Slabinja

|shading = off

| align = none

| cols = 2

|1857 |609

|1869 |635

|1880 |671

|1890 |794

|1900 |877

|1910 |962

|1921 |880

|1931 |937

|1948 |495

|1953 |563

|1961 |590

|1971 |520

|1981 |490

|1991 |523

|2001 |317

|2011 |348

|2021 |251

|footnote=

|source = [https://web.dzs.hr/hrv/dbhomepages/naselja%20i%20stanovnistvo%20republike%20hrvatske/naselja%20i%20stanovnistvo%20republike%20hrvatske.htm Settlements and Population of the Republic of Croatia 1857–2001], Croatian Bureau of Statistics, Zagreb, 2005

|graph-pos=bottom

}}

The main economic activities are agriculture and livestock, while young people mostly work in nearby cities.

In the 19th century, it was noted that the area was good for tobacco growing.{{cite book |last1=Seljan |first1=Dragutin |title=Zemljopis pokrajinah ilirskih iliti Ogledalo zemlje, na kojoj pribiva narod ilirsko-slavjanski sa opisanjem berdah, potokah, gradovah i znatniih mestah polag sadanjeg stališa, s kratkim dogodopisnim dodatkom i priloženim krajobrazom iliti mapom: (Pokrajine austrianskoilirske). Dio I |date=1843 |location=Zagreb |page=233 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q7kAAAAAcAAJ&dq=slabinja&pg=PA233}}

Monument to Fallen Fighters and Victims of Fascism from Slabinja during World War II in Yugoslavia was built in 1981.[http://www.spomenikdatabase.org/slabinja Slabinja spomenik] The monument was unveiled on 30 May 1981.

A Roman milestone engraved with names of Roman emperor Gallus (reigned 251–253) and his son Volusian was founded near the village. The item was redeemed from the finder by the Croatian National Museum in 1895.

Travellers historically used the Una Valley as a route to and from the village. A Roman road from Siscia to Dubica was the most common path. The major D47 state road{{cite web|title=Naselja Hrvatska Dubica|url=http://www.hrvatska-dubica.hr/index.php/galerija/hrvatska-dubica/2-fotografije-hrvatske-dubice/detail/15-dubicakuca3|website=hrvatska-dubica.hr|accessdate=28 May 2018}} from Dvor to Lipik runs through Slabinja. It is connecting the village to the Croatian motorway network at the A3 motorway Novska interchange and the D6 state road in Dvor.{{cite news | newspaper = Narodne novine | language = Croatian | url = http://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/305463.html | title = Regulation on motorway markings, chainage, interchange/exit/rest area numbers and names | date = May 6, 2003}}{{cite map|publisher=OpenStreetMap|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/359445|title=Overview map of the D47|accessdate=September 16, 2014}}

Slabinja has several bus stops on the D47 road for intercity buses which connects Hrvatska Dubica and Hrvatska Kostajnica. The closest railway station is the Dubica railway station, {{convert|14|km|1}} southeast of the village. Trains from Dubica run east to Jasenovac and north-west to Sunja and Sisak.

The closest airport is Banja Luka International Airport in Bosnia and Herzegovina, {{convert|75|km|0}} south-southeast of Slabinja.

A school for children was established in Slabinja in 1843. The school building was built in 1944.{{cite web |title=Puna škola đaka, niotkuda vrata (izgradnja i početak rada škola na Baniji) |url=https://banija.rs/obicaji/18691-puna-skola-djaka-niotkuda-vrata-izgradnja-i-pocetak-rada-skola-na-baniji.html |website=banija.rs |date=30 October 2018 |accessdate=7 January 2020 | language=Serbian}}

{{bar box

|title=Religion in Slabinja{{Croatian Census 2011|R}}

|titlebar=#ddd

|left1=religion

|right1=percent

|float=right

|bars=

{{bar percent|Roman Catholicism|DarkGray|61.08}}

{{bar percent|Eastern Orthodoxy|Yellow|31.12}}

{{bar percent|Atheism or Agnosticism|MediumAquamarine|4.57}}

{{bar percent|Others and unspecified|Lavender|3.23}}

}}

In the Serbian Orthodox Church administrative division, Slabinja belongs to the Kostajnica Parish of the Eparchy of upper Karlovac.{{cite web|url=http://www.eparhija-gornjokarlovacka.hr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=82&Itemid=42&lang=en |title= Eparchy of upper Karlovac |year=|publisher=|accessdate=April 9, 2015}} In the Roman Catholic Church administration belongs to the Holy Trinity Parish from Dubica, Dubica-Kostajnica Deanery of Diocese of Sisak.

File:Church of Saint Parascheva, Slabinja 2020 (2).jpg

{{main|Church of Saint Parascheva, Slabinja}}

On the south side of the D47 road, towards the river Una, are ruins of the Church of Saint Parascheva. The church was built in 1828. In 1944, during World War II, it was mined by the Ustasha damaging roof structure, vault, interior, and church inventory. After World War II ruins remained standing. In 1970 began the reconstruction of these valuable buildings, but the roof, unfortunately, was never set up. The church is located in the center of the village.{{cite book |last1=Škiljan |first1=Filip |title=Kulturno-historijski spomenici Banije |date=2008 |publisher=SNV |location=Zagreb |page=99 |url=https://snv.hr/file/attachment/file/banija-compressed.pdf |accessdate=25 June 2018}}

{{see also|Category:People from Slabinja, Croatia}}

Serbian Orthodox cleric German (Opačić), who was the Bishop of Bačka, was born in Slabinja in 1857.{{cite book |last1=Vuković, episkom šumadijski |first1=Sava |title=Srpski jerarsi: od devetog do dvadesetog veka |date=1996 |publisher=Kalenić |location=Kragujevac |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VBzkAAAAMAAJ}} Milka Dudunić, the wife of Stjepan Mesić, the President of Croatia (2000–10) was born there in 1939.{{cite web|url=http://www.vecernji.hr/biografije/milka-mesic-602 |title= Milka Mesić Biography |year=|publisher=Večernji list|accessdate=April 10, 2015}} Zdravko Kolar, a Yugoslav Air Force Major General and a full professor at the University of Belgrade, was born in the village in 1923.{{cite web |title=In memoriam: Dr ZDRAVKO KOLAR |url=http://banija.rs/glavna1/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=8:news3&catid=1:najnoviji-tekstovi-i-vijesti&Itemid=2 |website=banija.rs |accessdate=28 June 2018}} Kolar was a doctor of pedagogy and a recipient of the Commemorative Medal of the Partisans of 1941.

{{Portal|Croatia}}

{{Commons category|Slabinja}}

• List of Yugoslav World War II monuments and memorials in Croatia
• Parascheva of the Balkans

{{notes}}

{{reflist|2}}

{{Hrvatska Dubica}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Slabinja}}

Category:Hrvatska Dubica

Category:Bosnia and Herzegovina–Croatia border crossings

Category:Pannonia Superior

Category:Populated places in Sisak-Moslavina County

Category:Serb communities in Croatia

Category:Zagreb County (former)