Small intestine cancer

File:Small intestinal cancers by incidence and prognosis.jpg of histopathologic types of small intestine cancers, and their prognoses{{cite journal|last1=Qubaiah|first1=O.|last2=Devesa|first2=S. S.|last3=Platz|first3=C. E.|last4=Huycke|first4=M. M.|last5=Dores|first5=G. M.|title=Small Intestinal Cancer: a Population-Based Study of Incidence and Survival Patterns in the United States, 1992 to 2006|journal=Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention|volume=19|issue=8|year=2010|pages=1908–1918|issn=1055-9965|doi=10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0328|pmid=20647399|pmc=2919612|doi-access=free}}]]

Subtypes of small intestine cancer include:

• Adenocarcinoma – this cancer begins in the gland cells that line the inside of the intestine. Adenocarcinomas account for about 1 in 3 small intestine cancers.
• Gastrointestinal stromal tumor – this type of cancer starts in connective tissues. The most common sarcoma in the intestine are gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs)
• Lymphoma – these cancers start in lymphocytes.
• Carcinoid tumors of the midgut – this is a type of neuroendocrine tumor (NET). They tend to be slow growing and are the most common type of small intestine tumor.

Most small intestine cancers (especially adenocarcinomas) develop in the duodenum. Cancers developed in the duodenum are often found at the ampulla of Vater.

File:Light microscopy of small intestinal adenocarcinoma.jpg|Adenocarcinoma

File:Histopathology of small intestinal well-differentiated grade 1 (G1) carcinoid.jpg|Carcinoid

Image:Duodenal adenocarcinoma.png image of adenocarcinoma of duodenum seen in the post-bulbar duodenum]]

Risk factors for small intestine cancer include:{{cite journal |vauthors=Delaunoit T, Neczyporenko F, Limburg PJ, Erlichman C |title=Pathogenesis and risk factors of small bowel adenocarcinoma: a colorectal cancer sibling? |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=100 |issue=3 |pages=703–10 |date=March 2005 |doi=10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.40605.x |pmid=15743371 }}Chen AC, Neugut AI. Malignant Neoplasms of the Small Intestine. eMedicine.com. URL: [http://www.emedicine.com/MED/topic2651.htm http://www.emedicine.com/MED/topic2651.htm]. Accessed on: June 2, 2006.

• Age: Cancer risk increases with age. The average age diagnosis is 65.(Cleveland Clinic, 2022)
• Race: In the U.S., small intestine cancer is slightly more common among people who identify as African Americans. Although lymphoma is more common among people who identify as white.(Cleveland Clinic, 2022)
• HIV/AIDS: treatments like radiation therapy may weaken your immune system and make you more susceptible to small intestine cancer. Drugs that suppress your immune system may also increase your risk.(Cleveland Clinic, 2022)
• Sex: Males are 25% more likely to develop the disease.(Cleveland Clinic, 2022)
• Diet: Various research has suggested that diets high in red meat and salted or smoked foods may raise the risk of small intestine cancer.(Cleveland Clinic, 2022). A human prospective study observed a markedly elevated risk for carcinoid tumors of the small intestine associated with dietary intake of saturated fatCross AJ, Leitzmann MF, Subar AF, Thompson FE, Hollenbeck AR, Schatzkin A. A prospective study of meat and fat intake in relation to small intestinal cancer. Cancer Res 2008;68:9274–9
• Crohn's disease
• Celiac disease
• Radiation exposure
• Hereditary gastrointestinal cancer syndromes: familial adenomatous polyposis, hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer, Peutz–Jeghers syndrome
• Cholecystectomy, which alters the flow of bile to the small intestine, increases the risk of small intestinal adenocarcinomas,Lagergren J, Ye W, Ekbom A. Intestinal cancer after cholecystectomy:

is bile involved in carcinogenesis. Gastroenterology 2001;121:542–7 and this risk declines with increasing distance from the common bile duct.

Image:Small intestine neuroendocrine tumour low mag.jpg|Micrograph of a small intestine neuroendocrine tumour. H&E stain.

{{Reflist}}

Cleveland Clinic. (2022). Small intestine cancer: Symptoms, causes, Prognosis & Treatment. Cleveland Clinic. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/6225-small-intestine-cancer

Markman, M. (2022, July 20). Intestinal cancer: Causes, symptoms & treatments. Cancer Treatment Centers of America. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/intestinal-cancer

Radhakrishnan, R. (2021, May 6). Is small intestine cancer curable? MedicineNet. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://www.medicinenet.com/is_small_intestine_cancer_curable/article.htm

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| ICD9 = {{ICD9|152}}

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{{Digestive system neoplasia}}

Category:Gastrointestinal cancer