Solar eclipse of July 8, 1842

{{Infobox solar eclipse|1842Jul08

| previous = Solar eclipse of January 11, 1842

| next = Solar eclipse of December 31, 1842

}}

A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Friday, July 8, 1842, with a magnitude of 1.0543. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 2 days before perigee (on July 10, 1842, at 7:50 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.{{cite web|title=Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/moon/distance.html?year=1842&n=136|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=22 September 2024}}

The path of totality was visible from parts of modern-day Portugal, Spain, Andorra, France, Monaco, Italy, Austria, Slovenia, Hungary, Slovakia, southeastern Poland, Ukraine, southeastern Belarus, Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, the Ryukyu Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands. A partial solar eclipse was also visible for parts of Europe, North Africa, Asia, Alaska, Greenland, and northern Canada.

Observations

Francis Baily observed the total solar eclipse from Italy, focusing his attention on the solar corona and prominences and identified them as part of the Sun's atmosphere. The solar eclipse effect now called Baily's beads named in honor of him after his correct explanation of the phenomenon in 1836.

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Francis Baily

Artistic depictions

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Venice

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Austria

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Vienna

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.{{cite web|title=Total Solar Eclipse of 1842 Jul 08|url=https://eclipsewise.com/solar/SEprime/1801-1900/SE1842Jul08Tprime.html|publisher=EclipseWise.com|access-date=22 September 2024}}

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|+July 8, 1842 Solar Eclipse Times

! Event

! Time (UTC)

First Penumbral External Contact

| 1842 July 08 at 04:32:40.3 UTC

First Umbral External Contact

| 1842 July 08 at 05:32:39.4 UTC

First Central Line

| 1842 July 08 at 05:33:50.6 UTC

First Umbral Internal Contact

| 1842 July 08 at 05:35:02.0 UTC

Equatorial Conjunction

| 1842 July 08 at 06:55:35.2 UTC

Ecliptic Conjunction

| 1842 July 08 at 07:01:31.8 UTC

Greatest Duration

| 1842 July 08 at 07:04:59.2 UTC

Greatest Eclipse

| 1842 July 08 at 07:06:26.9 UTC

Last Umbral Internal Contact

| 1842 July 08 at 08:37:56.8 UTC

Last Central Line

| 1842 July 08 at 08:39:10.0 UTC

Last Umbral External Contact

| 1842 July 08 at 08:40:23.1 UTC

Last Penumbral External Contact

| 1842 July 08 at 09:40:14.0 UTC

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|+July 8, 1842 Solar Eclipse Parameters

! Parameter

! Value

Eclipse Magnitude

| 1.05427

Eclipse Obscuration

| 1.11149

Gamma

| 0.47266

Sun Right Ascension

| 07h07m53.4s

Sun Declination

| +22°32'34.5"

Sun Semi-Diameter

| 15'43.8"

Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax

| 08.6"

Moon Right Ascension

| 07h08m19.7s

Moon Declination

| +23°00'12.1"

Moon Semi-Diameter

| 16'20.6"

Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax

| 0°59'58.8"

ΔT

| 5.5 s

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

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|+ Eclipse season of July 1842

! July 8
Descending node (new moon)
!! July 22
Ascending node (full moon)

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| Total solar eclipse
Solar Saros 124

Partial lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 136

Related eclipses

= Eclipses in 1842 =

An annular solar eclipse on January 11.
A partial lunar eclipse on January 26.
A total solar eclipse on July 8.
A partial lunar eclipse on July 22.
A penumbral lunar eclipse on December 17.
An annular solar eclipse on December 31.

= Metonic =

Preceded by: Solar eclipse of September 18, 1838
Followed by: Solar eclipse of April 25, 1846

= Tzolkinex =

Preceded by: Solar eclipse of May 27, 1835
Followed by: Solar eclipse of August 18, 1849

= Half-Saros =

Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of July 2, 1833
Followed by: Lunar eclipse of July 13, 1851

= Tritos =

Preceded by: Solar eclipse of August 7, 1831
Followed by: Solar eclipse of June 6, 1853

= Solar Saros 124 =

Preceded by: Solar eclipse of June 26, 1824
Followed by: Solar eclipse of July 18, 1860

= Inex =

Preceded by: Solar eclipse of July 27, 1813
Followed by: Solar eclipse of June 18, 1871

= Triad =

Preceded by: Solar eclipse of September 6, 1755
Followed by: Solar eclipse of May 9, 1929

= Solar eclipses of 1841–1844 =

The partial solar eclipses on February 21, 1841 and August 16, 1841 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the partial solar eclipse on November 10, 1844 occurs in the next lunar year eclipse set.

class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" !class="nowrap" colspan="7" \| Solar eclipse series sets from 1841 to 1844
scope="col" colspan="3" \| Ascending node \| rowspan="6" \| ! scope="col" colspan="3" \| Descending node
style="text-align: center;" ! scope="col" \| Saros ! scope="col" \| Map ! scope="col" \| Gamma ! scope="col" \| Saros ! scope="col" \| Map ! scope="col" \| Gamma
style="text-align: center;" \| 109 \| January 22, 1841 150px Partial \| −1.5516 \| 114 \| July 18, 1841 150px Partial \| 1.1903
style="text-align: center;" \| 119 \| January 11, 1842 150px Annular \| −0.8882 \| 124 \| July 8, 1842 150px Total \| 0.4727
style="text-align: center;" \| 129 \| December 31, 1842 150px Annular \| −0.1727 \| 134 \| June 27, 1843 150px Hybrid \| −0.3037
style="text-align: center;" \| 139 \| December 21, 1843 150px Total \| 0.5227 \| 144 \| June 16, 1844 150px Partial \| −1.1092
style="text-align: center;" \| 149 \| December 9, 1844 150px Partial \| 1.1682

class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"

!class="nowrap" colspan="7" | Solar eclipse series sets from 1841 to 1844

scope="col" colspan="3" | Ascending node

| rowspan="6" |

! scope="col" colspan="3" | Descending node

style="text-align: center;"

! scope="col" | Saros

! scope="col" | Map

! scope="col" | Gamma

! scope="col" | Saros

! scope="col" | Map

! scope="col" | Gamma

style="text-align: center;"

| 109

| January 22, 1841
150px
Partial

| −1.5516

| 114

| July 18, 1841
150px
Partial

| 1.1903

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| 119

| January 11, 1842
150px
Annular

| −0.8882

| 124

| July 8, 1842
150px
Total

| 0.4727

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| 129

| December 31, 1842
150px
Annular

| −0.1727

| 134

| June 27, 1843
150px
Hybrid

| −0.3037

style="text-align: center;"

| 139

| December 21, 1843
150px
Total

| 0.5227

| 144

| June 16, 1844
150px
Partial

| −1.1092

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| 149

| December 9, 1844
150px
Partial

| 1.1682

= Saros 124 =

= Metonic series =

{{Metonic eclipse set info}} All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.

class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" !colspan=5\|25 eclipse events between February 12, 1812 and September 18, 1895
February 11–12 !November 30–December 1 !September 17–19 !July 7–8 !April 25–26
108 !110 !112 !114 !116
style="text-align:center;" \|150px February 12, 1812 \| \|150px September 19, 1819 \|150px July 8, 1823 \|150px April 26, 1827
118 !120 !122 !124 !126
style="text-align:center;" \|150px February 12, 1831 \|150px November 30, 1834 \|150px September 18, 1838 \|150px July 8, 1842 \|150px April 25, 1846
128 !130 !132 !134 !136
style="text-align:center;" \|150px February 12, 1850 \|150px November 30, 1853 \|150px September 18, 1857 \|150px July 8, 1861 \|150px April 25, 1865
138 !140 !142 !144 !146
style="text-align:center;" \|150px February 11, 1869 \|150px November 30, 1872 \|150px September 17, 1876 \|150px July 7, 1880 \|150px April 25, 1884
148 !150 !152
style="text-align:center;" \|150px February 11, 1888 \|150px December 1, 1891 \|150px September 18, 1895

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!colspan=5|25 eclipse events between February 12, 1812 and September 18, 1895

February 11–12

!November 30–December 1

!September 17–19

!July 7–8

!April 25–26

108

!110

!112

!114

!116

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February 12, 1812

|150px
September 19, 1819

|150px
July 8, 1823

|150px
April 26, 1827

118

!120

!122

!124

!126

style="text-align:center;"

|150px
February 12, 1831

|150px
November 30, 1834

|150px
September 18, 1838

|150px
July 8, 1842

|150px
April 25, 1846

128

!130

!132

!134

!136

style="text-align:center;"

|150px
February 12, 1850

|150px
November 30, 1853

|150px
September 18, 1857

|150px
July 8, 1861

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April 25, 1865

138

!140

!142

!144

!146

style="text-align:center;"

|150px
February 11, 1869

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November 30, 1872

|150px
September 17, 1876

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July 7, 1880

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April 25, 1884

148

!150

!152

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|150px
February 11, 1888

|150px
December 1, 1891

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September 18, 1895

= Tritos series =

= Inex series =

References

[http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/1801-1900/1842-07-08.gif NASA chart graphics]
[http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsearch/SEsearchmap.php?Ecl=18420708 Googlemap]
[http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsearch/SEdata.php?Ecl=18420708 NASA Besselian elements]
[http://www.eclipse-2008.ru/eclipse/1842.php Solar eclipse of July 8, 1842 in Russia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090810163943/http://eclipse-2008.ru/eclipse/1842.php |date=August 10, 2009 }}
[http://www.mreclipse.com/Totality2/TotalityApH.html Chronology of Discoveries about the Sun]
{{cite book|author=Mabel Loomis Todd|title=Total Eclipses of the Sun|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FI0-AAAAYAAJ|year=1900|publisher=Little, Brown}}

1842 7 8

Category:1842 in science

1842 7 8

Category:July 1842