Solar eclipse of June 17, 1909

{{Infobox solar eclipse|1909Jun17

| previous = Solar eclipse of December 23, 1908

| next = Solar eclipse of December 12, 1909

}}

A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit between Thursday, June 17 and Friday, June 18, 1909,{{cite web|title=June 17–18, 1909 Total Solar Eclipse|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/solar/1909-june-17|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=31 July 2024}}{{Cite news

| url = https://newspapers.com/article/knoxville-sentinel-first-eclipse-of-sun/134467076/

| date = 1909-06-17

| page = 4

| title = First eclipse of sun for this year today

| newspaper = Knoxville Sentinel

| location = Knoxville, Tennessee

| via = Newspapers.com

| access-date = 2023-11-01

}}{{Cite news

| url = https://newspapers.com/article/the-salt-lake-herald-eclipse-of-the-sun/134467093/

| date = 1909-06-17

| page = 4

| title = Eclipse of the sun

| newspaper = The Salt Lake Herald

| location = Salt Lake City, Utah

| via = Newspapers.com

| access-date = 2023-11-01

| author1 = Frederic J. Haskin

}}{{Cite news

| url = https://newspapers.com/article/daily-news-republican-todays-shadow-of/134467252/

| date = 1909-06-17

| page = 1

| title = Today's shadow of the sun scarcely visible in this region

| newspaper = Daily News-Republican

| location = Lawton, Oklahoma

| via = Newspapers.com

| access-date = 2023-11-01

}} with a magnitude of 1.0065. It was a hybrid event, with a long section of its path as total, and smaller sections at the start and end as an annular eclipse. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. The Moon's apparent diameter was near the average diameter because it occurred 5.4 days after perigee (on June 12, 1909, at 16:00 UTC) and 7.5 days before apogee (on June 25, 1909, at 12:00 UTC).{{cite web|title=Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/moon/distance.html?year=1909&n=136|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=31 July 2024}}

The path of totality crossed central Russia, the Arctic Ocean, northeastern Ellesmere Island in Canada, Greenland, and annularity crossed southern Siberia in Russia (now in northeastern Kazakhstan and southern Russia) and southern Greenland. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of East Asia and northern North America.

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.{{cite web|title=Hybrid Solar Eclipse of 1909 Jun 17|url=https://eclipsewise.com/solar/SEprime/1901-2000/SE1909Jun17Hprime.html|publisher=EclipseWise.com|access-date=31 July 2024}}

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|+June 17, 1909 Solar Eclipse Times

! Event

! Time (UTC)

First Penumbral External Contact

| 1909 June 17 at 21:00:24.0 UTC

First Umbral External Contact

| 1909 June 17 at 22:30:16.6 UTC

First Central Line

| 1909 June 17 at 22:30:18.7 UTC

First Umbral Internal Contact

| 1909 June 17 at 22:30:20.9 UTC

Greatest Duration

| 1909 June 17 at 23:16:41.2 UTC

Greatest Eclipse

| 1909 June 17 at 23:18:38.1 UTC

Ecliptic Conjunction

| 1909 June 17 at 23:28:20.1 UTC

Equatorial Conjunction

| 1909 June 17 at 23:31:17.2 UTC

Last Umbral Internal Contact

| 1909 June 18 at 00:06:44.2 UTC

Last Central Line

| 1909 June 18 at 00:06:49.2 UTC

Last Umbral External Contact

| 1909 June 18 at 00:06:54.2 UTC

Last Penumbral External Contact

| 1909 June 18 at 01:36:52.5 UTC

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|+June 17, 1909 Solar Eclipse Parameters

! Parameter

! Value

Eclipse Magnitude

| 1.00647

Eclipse Obscuration

| 1.01299

Gamma

| 0.89568

Sun Right Ascension

| 05h42m52.5s

Sun Declination

| +23°23'35.6"

Sun Semi-Diameter

| 15'44.3"

Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax

| 08.7"

Moon Right Ascension

| 05h42m23.6s

Moon Declination

| +24°14'45.8"

Moon Semi-Diameter

| 15'44.1"

Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax

| 0°57'44.9"

ΔT

| 9.7 s

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

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|+ Eclipse season of June 1909

! June 4
Descending node (full moon) !! June 17
Ascending node (new moon)

200px

align=center

| Total lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 119

Hybrid solar eclipse
Solar Saros 145