Soviet census

The following is a summary of censuses carried out in the Soviet Union:

class="sortable wikitable" style="margin: auto;"
Year ! Territory (km²) ! Total population ! Rank ! Density per km² ! Change ! Urban population ! Share ! Males ! Share ! Females ! Share ! Largest city ! Second largest city ! Third largest city ! Ethnic Russians ! Share ! Ethnic minorities ! Notes
align="right" \| {{center\|1926}} \| rowspan="3" \| 21 176 187 \| 147 027 915 \| rowspan="2" \| {{center\|3rd}} \| {{Decrease}} 6.94 \| {{increase}} 7.5% \| 26 314 114 \| {{nowrap\|{{increase}} 17.9%}} \| 71 043 352 \| {{nowrap\|{{decrease}} 48.3%}} \| 75 984 563 \| {{nowrap\|{{increase}} 51.7%}} \| 15px Moscow {{small\|(2 025 947)}} \| 15px Leningrad {{small\|(1 590 770)}} \| Kiev {{small\|(513 637)}} \| 77 791 124 \| {{nowrap\|{{increase}} 52.9%}} \| {{Ubl \|{{flagicon\|Ukraine\|size=15px}} Ukrainians \|{{small\|(31 194 976)}} \|{{nowrap\|{{flagicon\|Belarus\|1991\|size=15px}} Belarusians}} \|{{small\|(4 738 923)}}}} \|align="left"\| {{efn\|The first full-scale census in the Soviet Union.}}
align="right" \| {{center\|1937}} \| 162 039 470 \| {{increase}} 7.65 \| {{increase}} 10.2% \| 43 729 514 \| {{increase}} 27.0% \| 75 789 892 \| {{decrease}} 46.8% \| 84 331 656 \| {{increase}} 53.2% \| 15px Moscow {{small\|(3 798 078)}} \| 15px Leningrad {{small\|({{estimation\|2 814 500}})}} \| Kiev {{small\|(775 850)}} \| 93 933 065 \| {{increase}} 58.0% \| {{Ubl \| {{flagicon\|Ukraine\|size=15px}} Ukrainians \|{{small\|(26 421 212)}} \|{{flagicon\|Belarus\|1991\|size=15px}} Belarusians \|{{small\|(4 874 061)}}}} \|align="left"\| {{efn\|Initially set to take place in 1933, but was delayed multiple times due to Joseph Stalin's policies of collectivization, forced famine and political repression which lowered the population drastically. The only one-day census in the Russian history. Proclaimed defective by the Soviet government in September 1937.}}{{Cite web\|title=Всесоюзная перепись населения 1937 года: Общие итоги\|url=http://docs.historyrussia.org/ru/nodes/47581-vsesoyuznaya-perepis-naseleniya-1937-goda-obschie-itogi\|website=docs.historyrussia.org}}
align="right" \| {{center\|1939}} \| 170 557 093 \| {{center\|4th}} \| {{increase}} 8.05 \| {{increase}} 5.3% \| 56 125 139 \| {{increase}} 32.9% \| 81 694 889 \| {{increase}} 48.0% \| 88 862 204 \| {{decrease}} 52.0% \| 15px Moscow {{small\|(4 131 633)}} \| 15px Leningrad {{small\|(3 191 304)}} \| Kiev {{small\|(846 724)}} \| 99 591 520 \| {{increase}} 58.4% \| {{Ubl \| {{flagicon\|Ukraine\|size=15px}} Ukrainians \|{{small\|(28 111 007)}} \|{{flagicon\|Belarus\|1991\|size=15px}} Belarusians \|{{small\|(5 275 393)}}}} \|align="left"\| {{efn\|Took place instead of the "defective" 1937 census.}}{{Cite web\|title=Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей.\|url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_pop_39_1.php\|access-date=2022-02-10\|website=www.demoscope.ru}}
align="right" \| {{center\|1959}} \|rowspan="4"\| 22 402 200 \| 208 826 650 \| rowspan="4"\|{{center\|3rd}} \| {{increase}} 9.32 \| {{increase}} 22.4% \| 99 977 695 \| {{increase}} 47.9% \| 94 050 303 \| {{decrease}} 45.0% \| 114 776 347 \| {{increase}} 55.0% \| 15px Moscow {{small\|(5 045 905)}} \| 15px Leningrad {{small\|(3 121 196)}} \| Kiev {{small\|(1 104 334)}} \| 114 113 579 \| {{decrease}} 54.6% \| {{Ubl \| {{flagicon\|Ukraine\|size=15px}} Ukrainians \|{{small\|(37 252 930)}} \|{{flagicon\|Belarus\|1991\|size=15px}} Belarusians \|{{small\|(7 913 488)}}}} \|align="left"\| {{efn\|The population increased markedly as a result of the Soviet Union's territorial expansion by World War II.}}{{Cite web\|title=Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей.\|url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus59_reg1.php\|access-date=2022-02-10\|website=www.demoscope.ru}}
align="right" \| {{center\|1970}} \| 241 720 134 \| {{increase}} 10.79 \| {{increase}} 15.7% \| 135 991 514 \| {{increase}} 56.2% \| 111 399 377 \| {{increase}} 46.1% \| 130 320 757 \| {{decrease}} 53.9% \| 15px Moscow {{small\|(6 941 961)}} \| 15px Leningrad {{small\|(3 949 501)}} \| 15px Kiev {{small\|(1 631 908)}} \| 129 015 140 \| {{decrease}} 53.4% \| {{Ubl \| {{flagicon\|Ukraine\|size=15px}} Ukrainians \| {{small\|(40 753 246)}} \| {{flagicon\|Uzbekistan\|size=15px}} Uzbeks \| {{small\|(9 195 093)}}}} \|align="left"\|
align="right" \| {{center\|1979}} \| 262 436 227 \| {{increase}} 11.71 \| {{increase}} 8.6% \| 163 585 944 \| {{increase}} 62.3% \| 122 328 833 \| {{increase}} 46.6% \| 140 107 394 \| {{decrease}} 53.4% \| 15px Moscow {{small\|(7 830 509)}} \| 15px Leningrad {{small\|(4 588 183)}} \| 15px Kiev {{small\|(2 143 855)}} \| 137 397 089 \| {{decrease}} 52.3% \| {{Ubl \| {{flagicon\|Ukraine\|size=15px}} Ukrainians \| {{small\|(42 347 387)}} \| {{flagicon\|Uzbekistan\|size=15px}} Uzbeks \| {{small\|(12 455 978)}}}} \|align="left"\|
align="right" \| {{center\|1989}} \| 286 730 817 \| {{increase}} 12.80 \| {{increase}} 9.3% \| 188 813 355 \| {{increase}} 65.8% \| 135 360 790 \| {{increase}} 47.2% \| 151 370 027 \| {{decrease}} 52.8% \| 15px Moscow {{small\|(8 769 117)}} \| 15px Leningrad {{small\|(5 023 506)}} \| 15px Kiev {{small\|(2 587 945)}} \| 145 155 489 \| {{decrease}} 50.6% \| {{Ubl \| {{flagicon\|Ukraine\|size=15px}} Ukrainians \| {{small\|(44 186 006)}} \| {{flagicon\|Uzbekistan\|size=15px}} Uzbeks \| {{small\|(16 697 825)}}}} \|align="left"\| {{efn\|The last census of the Soviet Union.}}{{Cite web\|title=Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей.\|url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg1.php\|access-date=2022-02-10\|website=www.demoscope.ru}}

class="sortable wikitable" style="margin: auto;"

Year

! Territory
(km²)

! Total
population

! Rank

! Density
per km²

! Change

! Urban
population

! Share

! Males

! Share

! Females

! Share

! Largest city

! Second
largest city

! Third
largest city

! Ethnic
Russians

! Share

! Ethnic
minorities

! Notes

align="right"

| {{center|1926}}

| rowspan="3" | 21 176 187

| 147 027 915

| rowspan="2" | {{center|3rd}}

| {{Decrease}} 6.94

| {{increase}} 7.5%

| 26 314 114

| {{nowrap|{{increase}} 17.9%}}

| 71 043 352

| {{nowrap|{{decrease}} 48.3%}}

| 75 984 563

| {{nowrap|{{increase}} 51.7%}}

| 15px Moscow
{{small|(2 025 947)}}

| 15px Leningrad
{{small|(1 590 770)}}

| Kiev
{{small|(513 637)}}

| 77 791 124

| {{nowrap|{{increase}} 52.9%}}

| {{Ubl

|{{flagicon|Ukraine|size=15px}} Ukrainians

|{{small|(31 194 976)}}

|{{nowrap|{{flagicon|Belarus|1991|size=15px}} Belarusians}}

|{{small|(4 738 923)}}}}

|align="left"| {{efn|The first full-scale census in the Soviet Union.}}

align="right"

| {{center|1937}}

| 162 039 470

| {{increase}} 7.65

| {{increase}} 10.2%

| 43 729 514

| {{increase}} 27.0%

| 75 789 892

| {{decrease}} 46.8%

| 84 331 656

| {{increase}} 53.2%

| 15px Moscow
{{small|(3 798 078)}}

| 15px Leningrad
{{small|({{estimation|2 814 500}})}}

| Kiev
{{small|(775 850)}}

| 93 933 065

| {{increase}} 58.0%

| {{Ubl

| {{flagicon|Ukraine|size=15px}} Ukrainians

|{{small|(26 421 212)}}

|{{flagicon|Belarus|1991|size=15px}} Belarusians

|{{small|(4 874 061)}}}}

|align="left"| {{efn|Initially set to take place in 1933, but was delayed multiple times due to Joseph Stalin's policies of collectivization, forced famine and political repression which lowered the population drastically. The only one-day census in the Russian history. Proclaimed defective by the Soviet government in September 1937.}}{{Cite web|title=Всесоюзная перепись населения 1937 года: Общие итоги|url=http://docs.historyrussia.org/ru/nodes/47581-vsesoyuznaya-perepis-naseleniya-1937-goda-obschie-itogi|website=docs.historyrussia.org}}

align="right"

| {{center|1939}}

| 170 557 093

| {{center|4th}}

| {{increase}} 8.05

| {{increase}} 5.3%

| 56 125 139

| {{increase}} 32.9%

| 81 694 889

| {{increase}} 48.0%

| 88 862 204

| {{decrease}} 52.0%

| 15px Moscow
{{small|(4 131 633)}}

| 15px Leningrad
{{small|(3 191 304)}}

| Kiev
{{small|(846 724)}}

| 99 591 520

| {{increase}} 58.4%

| {{Ubl

| {{flagicon|Ukraine|size=15px}} Ukrainians

|{{small|(28 111 007)}}

|{{flagicon|Belarus|1991|size=15px}} Belarusians

|{{small|(5 275 393)}}}}

|align="left"| {{efn|Took place instead of the "defective" 1937 census.}}{{Cite web|title=Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей.|url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_pop_39_1.php|access-date=2022-02-10|website=www.demoscope.ru}}

align="right"

| {{center|1959}}

|rowspan="4"| 22 402 200

| 208 826 650

| rowspan="4"|{{center|3rd}}

| {{increase}} 9.32

| {{increase}} 22.4%

| 99 977 695

| {{increase}} 47.9%

| 94 050 303

| {{decrease}} 45.0%

| 114 776 347

| {{increase}} 55.0%

| 15px Moscow
{{small|(5 045 905)}}

| 15px Leningrad
{{small|(3 121 196)}}

| Kiev
{{small|(1 104 334)}}

| 114 113 579

| {{decrease}} 54.6%

| {{Ubl

| {{flagicon|Ukraine|size=15px}} Ukrainians

|{{small|(37 252 930)}}

|{{flagicon|Belarus|1991|size=15px}} Belarusians

|{{small|(7 913 488)}}}}

|align="left"| {{efn|The population increased markedly as a result of the Soviet Union's territorial expansion by World War II.}}{{Cite web|title=Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей.|url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus59_reg1.php|access-date=2022-02-10|website=www.demoscope.ru}}

align="right"

| {{center|1970}}

| 241 720 134

| {{increase}} 10.79

| {{increase}} 15.7%

| 135 991 514

| {{increase}} 56.2%

| 111 399 377

| {{increase}} 46.1%

| 130 320 757

| {{decrease}} 53.9%

| 15px Moscow
{{small|(6 941 961)}}

| 15px Leningrad
{{small|(3 949 501)}}

| 15px Kiev
{{small|(1 631 908)}}

| 129 015 140

| {{decrease}} 53.4%

| {{Ubl

| {{flagicon|Ukraine|size=15px}} Ukrainians

| {{small|(40 753 246)}}

| {{flagicon|Uzbekistan|size=15px}} Uzbeks

| {{small|(9 195 093)}}}}

|align="left"|

align="right"

| {{center|1979}}

| 262 436 227

| {{increase}} 11.71

| {{increase}} 8.6%

| 163 585 944

| {{increase}} 62.3%

| 122 328 833

| {{increase}} 46.6%

| 140 107 394

| {{decrease}} 53.4%

| 15px Moscow
{{small|(7 830 509)}}

| 15px Leningrad
{{small|(4 588 183)}}

| 15px Kiev
{{small|(2 143 855)}}

| 137 397 089

| {{decrease}} 52.3%

| {{Ubl

| {{flagicon|Ukraine|size=15px}} Ukrainians

| {{small|(42 347 387)}}

| {{flagicon|Uzbekistan|size=15px}} Uzbeks

| {{small|(12 455 978)}}}}

|align="left"|

align="right"

| {{center|1989}}

| 286 730 817

| {{increase}} 12.80

| {{increase}} 9.3%

| 188 813 355

| {{increase}} 65.8%

| 135 360 790

| {{increase}} 47.2%

| 151 370 027

| {{decrease}} 52.8%

| 15px Moscow
{{small|(8 769 117)}}

| 15px Leningrad
{{small|(5 023 506)}}

| 15px Kiev
{{small|(2 587 945)}}

| 145 155 489

| {{decrease}} 50.6%

| {{Ubl

| {{flagicon|Ukraine|size=15px}} Ukrainians

| {{small|(44 186 006)}}

| {{flagicon|Uzbekistan|size=15px}} Uzbeks

| {{small|(16 697 825)}}}}

|align="left"| {{efn|The last census of the Soviet Union.}}{{Cite web|title=Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей.|url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg1.php|access-date=2022-02-10|website=www.demoscope.ru}}

Notes

References

Category:Demographics of the Soviet Union

Soviet Union

Soviet census

See also

Notes

References