Spaceway-1

{{Short description|Direct broadcast satellite}}

{{Use American English|date=August 2020}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}

{{Infobox spaceflight

| name = Spaceway-1

| image =

| image_caption =

| mission_type = communication

| operator = AT&T Communications

| website =

| COSPAR_ID = 2005-015A

| SATCAT = 28644

| mission_duration = 12 years (planned)
{{time interval|26 April 2005, 07:32|14 February 2020|show=ymd|sep=,}} (achieved)

| spacecraft_bus = BSS-702

| manufacturer = Boeing

| dry_mass = 3691 kg

| launch_mass = 6080 kg

| dimensions = 3.4 x 3.2 x 5.1 metre

| power = 12.3 kW

| launch_date = 26 April 2005, 07:32 UTC

| launch_rocket = Zenit-3SL

| launch_site = Odyssey

| launch_contractor = Sea Launch

| entered_service = June 2005

| disposal_type = Graveyard orbit

| deactivated = February 14th, 2020 {{cite web|url=https://spacenews.com/directvs-defunct-spaceway-1-reaches-high-graveyard-orbit-in-one-piece/|title=DirecTV's defunct Spaceway-1 reaches high graveyard orbit in one piece|first=Caleb|last=Henry|date=2020-02-14|website=SpaceNews|access-date=19 February 2020}}

| orbit_reference = Geocentric orbit

| orbit_regime = Geostationary Orbit

| orbit_longitude = 102.8° West

| apsis = gee

| trans_band = 72 Ka-band transponders

| trans_frequency = 500 MHz

| trans_bandwidth =

| trans_capacity =

| trans_coverage = North America, all Earth

| trans_TWTA =

| trans_EIRP =

| trans_HPBW =

| programme = Spaceway

| previous_mission =

| next_mission = Spaceway-2

}}

Spaceway-1 {{cite web|url=https://spaceref.com/press-release/directvs-spaceway-f1-satellite-launches-new-era-in-high-definition-programming-next-generation-satellite-will-initiate-historic-expansion-of-directv/|title=DIRECTV's Spaceway F1 Satellite Launches New Era in High-Definition Programming; Next Generation Satellite Will Initiate Historic Expansion of DIRECTV|date=2005-04-26|publisher=SpaceRef|work=DirecTV|access-date=2023-10-07}} was a part of AT&T's constellation of direct broadcast satellites.

The satellite was launched via a Zenit-3SL rocket from Sea Launch's Odyssey equatorial ocean platform on 26 April 2005.

Its operational position was in geosynchronous orbit {{convert|35800|km}} above the equator at 102.8° West longitude. Spaceway-1 was a Boeing 702-model satellite with a 12-year operational life expectancy.

It provided high-definition television to DirecTV customers with its Ka-band communications payload. DirecTV did not make use of the broadband capabilities on Spaceway-1 even though it was originally built by Boeing for this purpose.

History

Spaceway-1 was the heaviest commercial communications satellite 6080 kg ever put into orbit{{cite web|url=https://boeing.mediaroom.com/2005-04-26-Sea-Launch-Successfully-Delivers-Spaceway-to-Orbit |title=Sea Launch Successfully Delivers Spaceway to Orbit - Heaviest Commercial Satellite Launched to Date|date=2005-04-26|publisher=Boeing|access-date=27 January 2020}} until iPSTAR-1 (6775 kg) was launched by Arianespace on 11 August 2005.

T10 was co-located with Spaceway-1 in order to use the 500 MHz of unused spectrum for HDTV broadcasting. This spectrum was originally intended for the broadband internet capabilities of the two Spaceway satellites, called Spaceway, which were disabled by Hughes Network Systems at the request of DirecTV.

Retirement

During its last years, Spaceway-1 mainly served as a backup satellite. In December 2019, the satellite suffered significant and irreversible thermal damage to its battery, forcing it to rely only on power generated from its solar arrays and prompting AT&T to request the spacecraft be decommissioned before February 25, 2020, to prevent the risk of the spacecraft exploding.{{cite web|url=https://spacenews.com/directv-fears-explosion-risk-from-satellite-with-damaged-battery/|title=DirecTV fears explosion risk from satellite with damaged battery|last=Henry|first=Caleb|date=2020-01-22|website=SpaceNews|access-date=22 January 2020}} The satellite was moved into a graveyard orbit above the geostationary orbit and was announced as decommissioned on February 14, 2020.{{cite web|url=https://spacenews.com/directvs-defunct-spaceway-1-reaches-high-graveyard-orbit-in-one-piece/|title=DirecTV's defunct Spaceway-1 reaches high graveyard orbit in one piece|first=Caleb|last=Henry|date=2020-02-14|website=SpaceNews|access-date=19 February 2020}}

References

{{Portal|Spaceflight}}

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