Sphincterochilidae
{{Short description|Family of gastropods}}
{{Automatic taxobox
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|image = Sphincterochila candidissima viva 01.jpg
|image_caption = Sphincterochila candidissima, near Tortosa
|taxon = Sphincterochilidae
|authority = Zilch, 1960 (1910)Zilch A. M. (1960). Handbuch der Paläozoologie 6(4): 601-835. page 663.
|type_species =
|type_species_authority =
|synonyms_ref =
|synonyms =
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Sphincterochilidae is a taxonomic family of medium-sized air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).{{Bouchet 2005}}
In the fossil record, Sphincterochilidae are known from the upper Eocene to the Holocene.[http://www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de/zooweb/servlet/AnimalBase/home/family?id=43 "Family summary for Sphincterochilidae"]. AnimalBase, last modified 27 August 2005, accessed 10 April 2009.
Distribution
The distribution of Sphincterochilidae includes the western-Palearctic zone.Hausdorf B. (2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): Vicariance Events and Long-Distance Dispersal". Journal of Biogeography 27(2): 379-390. {{doi|10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00403.x}}, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2656267 JSTOR].
Taxonomy
The following two subfamilies have been recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005):
- subfamily Sphincterochilinae Zilch, 1960 (1910) - synonyms: Calcarinidae Pallary, 1909Pallary P. M. (1909). "Catalogue de la faune malacologique de l'Egypte". Mémoires présentés à l'Institut Égyptien 6(1): 1-92, plates 1-5. [https://archive.org/stream/mmoires06inst#page/n19/mode/2up page 12]. (inv.); Albeidae Pallary, 1910.Pallary P. M. (1910). "Catalogue de la faune malacologique de l'Egypte. Additions et corrections". Mémoires présentés à l'Institut Égyptien 6(2): 177-182. [https://archive.org/stream/mmoires06inst#page/n221/mode/2up page 178]. Sphincterochilidae is a conserved name to take the priority of Leucochroidae Westerlund, 1886.Bouchet P. & Rocroi J. P. (2004). "Thebini Wenz, 1923, Monachainae Wenz, 1930 (1904), and Sphincterochilidae Zilch, 1960 (1910): proposed conservation (Mollusca, Gastropoda)". Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 61(3): [https://archive.org/stream/bulletinofzoolo612004inte#page/154/mode/2up 154]-161.ICZN (2006). "OPINION 2135 (Case 3261) THEBINI Wenz, 1923, MONACHAINAE/MONACHAINI Wenz, 1930 (1904), and SPHINCTEROCHILIDAE Zilch, 1960 (1910) (Mollusca, Gastropoda): conserved". Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 63(1): 56-58. [http://iczn.org/content/opinion-2135-case-3261-thebini-wenz-1923-monachainaemonachaini-wenz-1930-1904-and-sphinctero abstract].
- subfamily † Pseudoleptaxinae H. Nordsieck, 1986Nordsieck H. (1986). "Das System der tertiären Helicoidea Mittel- und Westeuropas (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)". Heldia 1(4): 109-120, plates 15-17. page 116.
Genera
Genera within the family Sphincterochilidae include:
Sphincterochilinae
- † Asensidea Calzada, 2003
- Sphincterochila Ancey, 1887 - type genus of the family Sphincterochilidae
† Pseudoleptaxinae
- † Dentellocaracolus Oppenheim, 1890
- † Fridolinia Pilsbry, 1895 †
- † Pseudoleptaxis Pilsbry, 1895Tryon G. W. & Pilsbry H. A. (1894). Manual of Conchology (2)9: [https://archive.org/stream/manualofconcholo09tryorich#page/294/mode/2up 294]. - type genus o the subfamily Pseudoleptaxinae
- † Wenzia Pfeffer, 1930
Ecology
Sphincterochilidae land snails are xerothermophilous, i.e. they are well adapted to hot, arid places.