Sphinx Observatory

{{Infobox Observatory

|name = Sphinx Observatory

|image = Sphinx Observatorium.jpg

|size =

|caption =

|organization =

|code =

|location = Valais, SwitzerlandThe [https://s.geo.admin.ch/902ffbd9bd Sphinx] on the Swiss National Map

|coords = {{coord|46|32|51|N|7|59|6|E|region:CH_type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=inline,title}}

|altitude = {{convert|3571|m|ft|abbr=on}}

|weather =

|established = 1937

|website = {{URL|http://www.hfsjg.ch}}

|telescope1_name = Astronomical dome

|telescope1_type = {{Convert|76|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} [http://www.hfsjg.ch/jungfraujoch/infrastructure/sphinx.html "The observation instrument in the astronomical dome is a 76 cm telescope with Cassegrain and Coudé focus"], Bern, Switzerland: International Foundation High Altitude Research Stations.

}}

The Sphinx Observatory is an astronomical observatory located above the Jungfraujoch in Switzerland. It is named after the Sphinx, a rocky summit on which it is located. At {{convert|3,571|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} above mean sea level, it is one of the highest observatories in the world. Accessible to the public, it is also the second highest observation deck in Switzerland. The mountain top has been tunneled to fit an elevator which ascends to the observatory from the Jungfraujoch railway station, the highest such train station in Europe. The building is located on the Valais side of the border, only a few metres from the canton of Bern, although it is accessed via the Jungfrau Railway from the Bernese Oberland.

The open viewing deck accessible to the public is adjacent to the observatory. It offers views of the Jungfrau, Mönch, and Eiger peaks, all within a few kilometers.

Science

The scientific part of the Sphinx observatory includes two large laboratories, a weather observation station, a workshop, two terraces for scientific experiments, and an astronomical as well as a meteorological cupola. The astronomical cupola is equipped with a 76 cm telescope with Cassegrain and Coudé focus.

The observatory plays an important role in a range of long-term experiments; it serves as a solar spectrometer for the Institute of Astrophysics and Geophysics at the University of Liège, Belgium, and plays a key role in a LIDAR experiment conducted by the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne in Switzerland. In 1949, nuclear emulsion plates exposed to cosmic rays in the observatory provided first precise evidence for the existence of the charged K-meson.

Gallery

File:Eiger Mönch Jungfrau 01.jpg|The Eiger (left), Mönch (middle) and Jungfrau (right) massif. The observatory is located on the saddle between the Mönch and Jungfrau {{nowrap|(see image with description labels).}}

File:Moench Jungfrau.jpg|The Mönch (left) and the Jungfrau (right). The Sphinx observatory can be seen in the middle, on the saddle between the two summits.

File:Jungfreijoch.jpg

Guggigletscher - 2023-07-19 - 10-18-40.jpg|The Guggigletscher seen from the platform of the observatory

See also

References

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