Stanley Royd Hospital

The facility, which was designed by Watson and Pritchett using a corridor plan layout, was opened as the West Riding Pauper Lunatic Asylum in 1818.{{cite web|url=https://www.countyasylums.co.uk/stanley-royd-wakefield/|title=Stanley Royd|publisher=County Asylums|accessdate=1 November 2018}} William Ellis, who had a reputation for employing the principles of humane treatment, was appointed the first superintendent of the asylum.Smith, Leonard D. (2004) "Ellis, Sir William Charles (1780–1839)" in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press {{doi|10.1093/ref:odnb/53734}}

John Davies Cleaton, who had previously held the post of Assistant Medical Officer at the Lancaster Asylum was appointed Medical Director before becoming a Commissioner in Lunacy in 1866.{{cite journal |date=7 September 1901 |title=John Davies Cleaton, M.R.C.S |url=https://www.bmj.com/content/2/2123/653.1 |journal=British Medical Journal |volume=2 |issue=2123 |pages=653–653 |doi=10.1136/bmj.2.2123.653 |issn=0007-1447}}

James Crichton-Browne, who was appointed superintendent at the hospital in 1866, went on to carry out pioneering research on the neuropathology of insanity.{{cite journal | doi = 10.1093/brain/awm020| title = On the weight of the brain and its component parts in the insane. By J. Crichton-Browne, MD, FRSE, Lord Chancellor's Visitor. Brain 1879: 1; 514-518 and 1879: 2; 42-67| journal = Brain| volume = 130| issue = 3| pages = 599–601| year = 2007| last1 = Compston | first1 = A.| doi-access = free}}

After the facility joined the National Health Service in 1948, it became the Stanley Royd Hospital.{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/hospitalrecords/details.asp?id=705|title=Stanley Royd Hospital, Wakefield|publisher=National Archives|accessdate=1 November 2018}} In a serious incident at the hospital in August 1984, 355 patients and 106 members of staff were affected by salmonella food poisoning; the outbreak led to 19 patient deaths.{{cite web|url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/lords/1986/jan/21/stanley-royd-hospital-food-poisoning|title=Stanley Royd Hospital: Food Poisoning Report|date=21 January 1986|publisher=UK Parliament|accessdate=1 November 2018}} After the introduction of Care in the Community, the hospital went into a period of decline and eventually closed in 1995. The hospital has since been converted for residential use and is now known as Parklands Manor.{{cite news|url=https://www.wakefieldexpress.co.uk/sport/three-sentenced-over-apartment-brothel-1-961585|title=Three sentenced over apartment brothel|date=8 November 2007|work=Wakefield Express|accessdate=1 November 2018}}

The Mental Health Museum (previously known as the Stephen Beaumont Museum of Mental Health), located at Fieldhead Hospital in Wakefield, contains artefacts from and exhibits on the history of the asylum.{{cite web|title=A Glimpse in the Past of a Mental Health Asylum|url=http://www.tourism-review.com/travel-tourism-magazine-uks-museum-of-mental-health-opens-the-door-of-past-article2124|publisher=Tourism Review|accessdate=21 March 2015|date=27 December 2013}} Artefacts include restraining equipment, a padded cell, photographs, medical and surgical equipment, and documents. There is also a scale model of Stanley Royd Hospital, which was the museum's original location until the hospital closed in 1995.{{cite web |url= http://www.medicalheritage.co.uk/YORKSHIRE.htm |title=Yorkshire & Cleveland |work=Medical Heritage of Great Britain |year=2007 |accessdate=30 June 2014}}

In 1852, plans of the Wakefield Asylum were plagiarised by Francesco Cianciolo who submitted them as his own in a design competition for an Asylum for the Insane in Malta. Cianciolo won the competition and the asylum was constructed between 1853 and 1861; the plagiarism was only found out after construction had commenced. The Malta asylum is still in use as the Mount Carmel Hospital.{{cite book |last1=Cassar |first1=Paul |editor1-last=Muscat |editor1-first=Peter |title=Handbook in Psychiatry, Part II |date=January 1994 |publisher=University of Malta, Department of Psychiatry |location=Malta |pages=1–10 |url=https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/bitstream/123456789/48234/1/Historical_perspective_of_psychiatry_in_Malta_1994.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629033246/https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/bitstream/123456789/48234/1/Historical_perspective_of_psychiatry_in_Malta_1994.pdf |archive-date=29 June 2024 |chapter=Historical perspective of psychiatry in Malta}}{{cite book |last1=Savona-Ventura |first1=Charles |title=Mental disease in Malta |date=2004 |publisher=Association for the Study of Maltese Medical History |isbn=9993266337 |url=https://staff.um.edu.mt/csav1/books/psychiatry.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516041945/https://staff.um.edu.mt/csav1/books/psychiatry.pdf |archive-date=16 May 2024}}

• Mary Frances Heaton (1801–1878), who was convicted of insulting an Anglican vicar in 1837 and never released{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2020/nov/08/blue-plaque-to-honour-yorkshirewoman-who-was-locked-in-asylum-for-calling-vicar-a-liar |title=Blue plaque to honour Yorkshirewoman who was locked in asylum for calling vicar a liar |newspaper=The Guardian |first=Harriet |last=Sherwood |date=8 November 2020 |accessdate=8 November 2020}}

• Listed buildings in Wakefield

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book|last=Davis|first=M.|year=2013|title=West Riding Pauper Lunatic Asylum through time|location=Gloucestershire|publisher=Amberley Publishing|isbn= 978-1445607504}}

• [http://mashable.com/2015/03/15/west-riding-asylum-portraits/ Portraits from a lunatic asylum]
• [http://www.southwestyorkshire.nhs.uk/quality-innovation/mental-health-museum/ Official website for the Mental Health Museum]
• [http://www.wakefieldasylum.co.uk/ Stanley Royd Hospital Digital Archive]

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Category:History of Wakefield

Category:West Riding of Yorkshire

Category:Former psychiatric hospitals in England

Category:Defunct hospitals in England

Category:Listed buildings in Wakefield

Category:Hospitals in West Yorkshire