Static apnea
{{Short description|Stationary diving discipline of holding breath underwater}}
{{More citations needed|date=September 2008}}
Static apnea (STA) is a discipline in which a person holds their breath (apnea) underwater for as long as possible, and need not swim any distance.{{cite journal |author=McKie, N |title=Freediving in cyberspace. |journal=Journal of the South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society. |year=2004 |volume=34 |pages=101–3 |url=http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/8947 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20131005155859/http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/8947 |url-status=usurped |archive-date=October 5, 2013 |access-date=2013-10-05}} Static apnea is defined by the International Association for Development of Apnea (AIDA International) and is distinguished from the Guinness World Record for breath holding underwater, which allows the use of oxygen in preparation. It requires that the respiratory tract be immersed, with the body either in the water or at the surface, and may be performed in a pool or open water (sea, lake, river, etc.). Static apnea is the only AIDA International discipline measuring duration, and one of the three disciplines considered for the international competitions by team, with constant weight and dynamic with fins.
Beta blockers (doping in sport of freediving; prolong every type of apnea by reducing heart rate, blood pressure and cardiac output) can prolong static apnea for up to 20%.{{Cite news|url=http://www.podvodni.hr/ronjenje/ronjenje-na-dah/fiziologija-i-treninzi/1765-granice-maksimalne-izvedbe-u-ronjenju-na-dah|title=Granice maksimalne izvedbe u ronjenju na dah|work=Podvodni.hr|access-date=2018-08-26|language=hr-hr}}
All-time list
=Men=
* Branko Petrović also has 10:45.0 under CMAS (2017., Subotica, Serbia) and 10:23 under AIDA.
** Goran Čolak also has 11:06.14 and 10:19 under special rules at 12th and 11th Fazza freediving competition respectively, in Dubai, UAE.{{cite web|url=https://www.total-croatia-news.com/sport/17599-croatian-diver-goran-colak-wins-in-dubai|title=Croatian Diver Goran Čolak Wins in Dubai}}{{Cite web|url=http://gulftoday.ae/portal/dae05238-f366-4045-b9e4-b2f2a9c83f44.aspx|title=gulftoday.ae {{!}} Colak sets new record at Fazza Freediving C'ship|website=gulftoday.ae|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826030454/http://gulftoday.ae/portal/dae05238-f366-4045-b9e4-b2f2a9c83f44.aspx|archive-date=2018-08-26|access-date=2018-08-26}}
=Women=
| class="wikitable" | ||||
| Duration | Name | Date | Location | Accreditation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 09:07 | Heike Schwerdtner | 27 June 2024 | Kaunas, Lithuania | AIDA |
| 09:02 | Natalia Molchanova | 21 June 2013 | Belgrade, Serbia | AIDA |
| 08:53 | Veronika Dittes | 15 June 2017 | CMAS | |
| 08:33 | Gabriela Grézlová | 28 July 2015 | CMAS | |
| 08:01 | Jessea Wenjie Lu | 27 August 2016 | AIDA |
With pure oxygen – record progression
There is a variation of the static apnea discipline where it's possible to breathe 100% oxygen for up to 30 minutes prior to the breathhold. This is not part of formal competitions, but is occasionally used to set individual records.
See also
{{Portal|Underwater diving}}
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20130121021543/http://www.aida-international.org/aspportal1/code/page.asp?ObjectID=39&CountryID=4&actID=3 AIDA disciplines definitions]}}
- [https://www.aidainternational.org/WorldRecords AIDA world records]
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q9NtD7B0UAI Are you in the mood for Freediving with Stephane Mifsud ? (W.R static 11'35")]
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OUOOoNJwm8g Goran Čolak sets new Guinnrss World Record Breath Hold 22 minutes and 30 seconds]
{{Underwater diving|frediv}}