Sturt Stony Desert

{{Short description|Desert in central-Eastern Australia}}

{{Use Australian English|date=June 2015}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2015}}

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| name = Sturt Stony Desert

| other_name = Sturt's Stony, Stony

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| map_caption = Position of Sturt Stony Desert in Australia

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| state = South Australia, Queensland

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Sturt Stony Desert (previously Sturt's Stony Desert) is an area in the north-east of South Australia, far south western border area of Queensland and the far west of New South Wales.

It was named by Charles Sturt in 1844, while he was trying to find the inland sea which he believed lay at the centre of Australia.Michael Cathcart, The Water Dreamers, Text Publishing, 2009 The stones caused his horses to limp and wore down the hooves of the cattle and sheep which Sturt had taken on the expedition.

The larger Simpson Desert is located to the west and the Strzelecki Desert is to the south east. Between these two dunefields is the Gason Dome, upon which the Sturt Stony Desert is located.{{cite book |title=Australian Landscapes |last=Hesse |first=Paul P. |editor1-first=P. |editor1-last=Bishop |editor2-first=B. |editor2-last=Pillans |year=2010 |chapter=The Australian desert dunefield: formation and evolution in an old, dry, flat continent |publisher=Geological Society |isbn=978-1862393141 |page=152 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aB7CuWxEP7QC |access-date=11 February 2013}} To the south west of Sturt Stony Desert is the Tirari Desert. The Birdsville Track is a route between Marree in South Australia and Birdsville in Queensland.

Landscape

Much of the desert is covered by gibber. Sturt suggested the closely compacted stones were the result of currents moving across an ancient seafloor. However, the gibber plains originated from desert sandstone sheets which once covered the area.{{cite book |title=Great Warm Deserts of the World: Landscapes and Evolution |last=Andrew |first=Goudie |year=2002 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=0199245150 |pages=346–347 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v911L1sq1FkC |access-date=11 February 2013}} Weather has slowly broken down the sandstone with the harder fragments remaining.

Both circular and stepped gilgai have been found in the desert.{{cite book |title=Desert Geomorphology |last=Cooke |first=Ronald U. |author2=Andrew Warren |author3=Andrew S. Goudie |year=2002 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=0203020596 |page=79 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WOcUNbRUGtwC |access-date=11 February 2013}}

Ecology

The desert is part of the Tirari-Sturt stony desert ecoregion.{{NatGeo ecoregion|id=aa1310 |name=Tirari-Sturt stony desert|accessdate=2012-03-23}} It is home to the Kowari, a small but feisty carnivorous marsupial which hunts nocturnally on the vast gibber plains.{{Cite book|last1=Wilson|first1=D. E.|title=Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol. 5. Marsupials and Monotremes.|last2=Mittermeier|first2=R. A.|publisher=Lynx Edicions|year=2015|location=Barcelona}} One of the kowari's main prey is the Long-haired Rat, a native rodent whose population occasionally booms to extraordinary numbers. During the booms thousands of rats can sing from their burrows, creating a hum which rises through the earth and fills the desert night.{{Cite book|last=Bonyhady|first=Tim|title=The Enchantment of the Long-haired Rat|publisher=Text Publishing|year=2019|location=Melbourne}} Because of this, they are sometimes called the Singing Rat. Booming rat populations provide bountiful food for kowaris, inland taipan, dingoes and the rare Letter-winged Kite.{{Cite book|last1=Baker|first1=Andrew|title=Secret Lives of Carnivorous Marsupials|last2=Dickman|first2=Chris|publisher=CSIRO Publishing|year=2018|location=Clayton South, VIC}}

See also

{{Portal|Australia|Geography}}

References

{{Reflist}}