Susanne Hennig-Wellsow

Hennig-Wellsow was born Susanne Hennig in Demmin in 1977, then a town in East Germany. Her father did military service in the National People's Army and subsequently worked as a truck driver and police officer. Her mother was a registrar and worked in the Ministry of the Interior from the mid-1990s. Hennig graduated from Erfurt Sports High School in 1996. From 1984 to 1999, she was a competitive athlete in speed skating. In 1996, Hennig began studying educational science at the University of Erfurt, which she completed in 2001 as a graduate teacher. Hennig-Wellsow is married, has one child, and lives in Erfurt.

In 2001, Hennig began working for the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS) parliamentary group as a research assistant for education and the media. In the 2004 Thuringian state election, she was elected to the Landtag on the PDS party list. Hennig became a member of The Left after the PDS merged into the new party, alongside left-wing dissidents (Labour and Social Justice – The Electoral Alternative) from the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) in 2007. At this time, she co-founded the internal Anti-Capitalist Left faction but later left.{{cite web|url=https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/kandidatin-fuer-linken-bundesvorsitz-susanne-hennig-wellsow.1769.de.html?dram:article_id=484383|title=Susanne Hennig-Wellsow and the pragmatic "Thuringian Way"|date=18 September 2020|publisher=Deutschlandfunk}}

In the 2009 Thurinigian state election, Hennig was re-elected to the Landtag, this time as member for the Erfurt II constituency; she defeated incumbent Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU) deputy Michael Panse to win the seat. In November 2011, Hennig became deputy leader of the Thuringia branch of The Left.{{cite web|url=https://www.die-linke-thueringen.de/partei/organe/landesparteitag/soemmerda-november-2011/|title=Sömmerda November 2011|publisher=The Left Thuringia}}

At the Left party conference in Suhl held from 16 to 17 November 2013, Hennig was elected leader of the party. She won 76 of 134 delegate votes (56.7%) against two other candidates. She was re-elected to the Landtag as representative for Erfurt II in the 2014 Thuringian state election, winning 31.0% of votes.

After Bodo Ramelow was elected Minister-President in December 2014, Hennig-Wellsow succeeded him as leader of the Left parliamentary group. At a party conference in Gotha in November 2015, she was re-elected as party leader with 75.4% of votes. This was met with controversy, as it is unusual within The Left for the leadership of both the party and parliamentary group to be held by the same person. An amendment to prevent this practice was proposed but defeated, and Hennig-Wellsow retained both positions.{{cite web|url=https://www.welt.de/regionales/thueringen/article148861378/Hennig-Wellsow-zur-Landesvorsitzenden-wiedergewaehlt.html|title=Hennig-Wellsow zur Landesvoritzenden wiedergewählt|date=15 November 2015|publisher=Welt.de}} She was re-elected once again in 2017 with 85% of votes.{{cite web|url=https://www.welt.de/regionales/thueringen/article170951681/Hennig-Wellsow-bleibt-Linken-Vorsitzende-in-Thueringen.html|title=Hennig-Wellsow bleibt Linken-Voritzende in Thüringen|date=25 November 2017|publisher=Welt.de}} Hennig-Wellsow was re-elected to the Landtag in the 2019 Thuringian state election with an increased majority of 32.7%.{{cite web|url=https://wahlen.thueringen.de/datenbank/wahl1/WAHL.asp?wahlart=LW&wJahr=2019&zeigeErg=WK&auswertung=1&wknr=025&gemnr=&terrKrs=&gemteil=000&buchstabe=&Langname=&wahlvorschlag=&sort=&druck=&XLS=&anzahlH=0&Nicht_existierende=&x_vollbildDatenteil=&optik=&aktual=&ShowLand=&ShowWK=&ShowPart=|title=Wahlen in Thüringen}} Two weeks later in November, she was re-elected as party leader.{{cite web|url=https://www.die-linke-thueringen.de/partei/organe/landesparteitag/erfurt-dezember-2019/|title=Erfurt Dezember 2019|publisher=The Left Thuringia}}

In September 2020, Hennig-Wellsow announced her candidacy for the co-leadership of the federal Left party. She also welcomed the candidacy of Janine Wissler, and expressed her hope for the election of an all-female co-leadership.{{cite web|url=https://www.susannehennig.de/nc/aktuell/detail/news/meine-kandidatur-meine-vision/|title=My candidacy, my vision: #Embolden|date=4 September 2020|publisher=Susanne Hennig}} She stated that she would move out of state politics and seek election to the Bundestag if confirmed as party chair.{{cite web|url=https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/susanne-hennig-wellsow-will-linkspartei-auf-gruen-rot-rot-vorbereiten-a-720e0731-bb3d-4658-8731-2b9cb5b9e1c2|title=Designated Left leader wants to prepare the party for federal government|date=24 February 2021|publisher=Der Spiegel}} Hennig-Wellsow was elected federal co-chairwoman at a party conference on 27 February 2021, winning 70.5% of votes cast.

Hennig-Wellsow was The Left's candidate for Erfurt – Weimar – Weimarer Land II in the 2021 German federal election. She was elected as candidate with 93% of votes. She chose not to seek her party's lead candidacy in the federal election, stating that her focus was on winning the Erfurt-Weimar constituency and preparing the party for a possible red–red–green coalition (R2G).{{cite web|url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/cdu-csu-bundestagswahl-soeder-laschet-1.5276004|title=Söder stands behind Laschet and calls for the unity of the Union|date=28 April 2021|language=de|website=Süddeutsche Zeitung}} Hennig-Wellsow won 16.4% of votes in the election, placing fourth.{{cite web|url=https://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/en/bundestagswahlen/2021/ergebnisse/bund-99/land-16/wahlkreis-193.html|title=Results for Erfurt – Weimar – Weimarer Land II|access-date=9 November 2021|website=Federal Returning Officer}} She was elected to the Bundestag in first position on the Thuringia state list.{{cite web|url=https://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/en/bundestagswahlen/2021/gewaehlte/bund-99/land-16.html|title=Elected candidates by Land lists in Thüringen|access-date=9 November 2021|website=Federal Returning Officer}}

On 20 April 2022, Hennig-Wellsow resigned as co-leader with immediate effect. She cited personal reasons and the party's poor handling of accusations of sexism within its ranks. She also stated that the party needed new faces for a renewal.{{cite news |url=https://www.dw.com/en/germany-left-party-leader-hennig-wellsow-steps-down/a-61523508 |title=Germany: Left party leader Hennig-Wellsow steps down |publisher=Deutsche Welle |accessdate=2022-06-18}}

Hennig-Wellsow announced in December 2024 that she would not be seeking re-election in the 2025 German federal election.{{cite web|access-date=2024-12-17 |date=2024-12-13 |language=de |title=Hennig-Wellsow hört auf |url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/ex-chefin-der-linken-hennig-wellsow-hoert-auf-li.3166281 |website=sueddeutsche.de}}

Hennig-Wellsow is considered to be on the pragmatic wing of The Left,{{cite web|url=https://www.mdr.de/thueringen/hennig-wellsow-wissler-linke-parteitag-bundesvorsitz-portraet-100.html|title=Candidate for Left Chairmanship: Portrait of Susanne Hennig-Wellsow|date=26 February 2021|publisher=Mdr.de}} and describes herself as supporting a "radical Realpolitik". She is particularly open to cooperation with other parties, and has voiced strong support for her party's involvement in the federal government, stating: "If you don't show that you want to govern, you will never succeed." She has expressed preference for a R2G coalition with the SPD and Alliance 90/The Greens but stated that her primary goal is a federal government without the CDU/CSU.

Contrary to The Left's longstanding policy, Hennig-Wellsow does not support German withdrawal from NATO. She has also taken a more hostile attitude toward Russia than others in her party, including in regards to Russian actions in Ukraine and Syria, and the poisoning of Alexei Navalny.{{cite web|url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/linkspartei-nicht-schnell-aus-der-nato-17017981.html|title=Left Party: Not quickly out of NATO|date=24 October 2020|publisher=Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung}}

Hennig-Wellsow is considered adept at negotiation and mediation. As party leader in Thuringia, she played a key role in the formation and development of the R2G governments of Ramelow. She is also noted for her bold, sometimes aggressive tone; during the 2019 state election campaign, she coined the phrase "Bodo or barbarism!", which became a slogan of the Left's campaign. On one occasion during the 2020 Thuringian government crisis, Hennig-Wellsow responded to CDU demands with the message: "Our view remains: the first ballot has to pass with a democratic majority. Otherwise we won't put Bodo Ramelow up. OK. Good day!" Nonetheless, she played a key role in negotiating the "constructive opposition" agreement with the CDU. Deutschlandfunk described her as "almost the only one who gave the impression that she had a clear plan".

Hennig-Wellsow rose to national prominence during the February 2020 government crisis in Thuringia. After Thomas Kemmerich (Free Democratic Party) was controversially elected Minister-President with the support of Alternative for Germany, the leaders of the parliamentary groups were invited to congratulate him and present him with a bouquet of flowers. As the leader of the largest group, Hennig-Wellsow was the first in line; however, she refused to shake his hand, instead dropping the bouquet at his feet and walking away in protest.{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/germany-thuringia-election-far-right-flowers-susanne-hennigwellsow-thomas-kemmerich-a9320966.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220525/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/germany-thuringia-election-far-right-flowers-susanne-hennigwellsow-thomas-kemmerich-a9320966.html |archive-date=25 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=German leftist leader throws flowers at feet of liberal politician who worked with far-right|work=The Independent|date=6 February 2020}} The incident was widely reported nationally and internationally, becoming the most iconic image of the crisis.{{cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/europe/post-war-taboo-broken-as-far-right-becomes-german-state-kingmaker-20200206-p53y8t.html|title=Post-war 'taboo broken' as far right becomes German state kingmaker|date=6 February 2020|publisher=Sydney Morning Herald}}{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-02-08/germany-s-far-right-puts-first-crack-in-establishment-s-defenses|title=Germany's Far Right Puts First Crack in Establishment's Defenses|date=8 February 2020|publisher=Bloomberg News}} RND described it as "a moment for the history books".{{cite web|url=https://www.rnd.de/politik/das-ist-die-frau-die-kemmerich-die-blumen-vor-die-fusse-warf-IZW6ZRHNWZG75MOP5VLMB6QFKQ.html|title=Die ist dei Frau, die Kemmerich die Blumen vor die Füße warf|date=7 February 2020|publisher=RND.de}}

Hennig-Wellsow was widely criticized for an interview she conducted on 4 March 2021, during which she asserted that she was against the German military being involved in "combat missions" abroad but was unable to say how many active combat missions Germany was engaged in at that time and tried to appeal to a member of staff for assistance answering further questions about German military activity.{{Cite news|last=SPIEGEL|first=Marc Röhlig, Timo Lehmann, DER|title=Linkenchefin Hennig-Wellsow blamiert sich in Interview: Bundeswehr abziehen – aber von wo?|url=https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/susanne-hennig-wellsow-blamiert-sich-bei-tilo-jung-zu-bundeswehr-frage-a-882a68d5-5ff5-43cb-967b-0f979ce0b18c|access-date=3 April 2021|newspaper=Der Spiegel|date=5 March 2021 |language=de}}{{Cite web|last=admin|title=Susanne Hennig-Wellsow makes a fool of herself with Tilo Jung on the Bundeswehr issue|url=https://www.de24.news/en/2021/03/susanne-hennig-wellsow-makes-a-fool-of-herself-with-tilo-jung-on-the-bundeswehr-issue-2.html|access-date=3 April 2021|language=en-US}}{{Cite news|last=WELT|date=5 March 2021|title=Linken-Chefin Hennig-Wellsow: Will Soldaten abziehen, aber von wo?|work=DIE WELT|url=https://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article227668839/Linken-Chefin-Hennig-Wellsow-Will-Soldaten-abziehen-aber-von-wo.html|access-date=3 April 2021}} Hennig-Wellsow received further criticism for her interview with Markus Lanz, aired on 31 March 2021, during which she struggled to answer basic facts about The Left's tax proposals.{{Cite news|last=Wunderlich|first=Curd|date=1 April 2021|title=Markus Lanz: Linken-Chefin Susanne Hennig-Wellsow schwimmt|work=Die Welt|url=https://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/plus229543655/Markus-Lanz-Linken-Chefin-Susanne-Hennig-Wellsow-schwimmt.html|access-date=3 April 2021}}{{Cite web|date=2 April 2021|title=Markus Lanz "zerpflückt" neue Linken-Chefin: 'Nicht, dass ich Ihr Programm besser kenne als Sie'|url=https://www.merkur.de/politik/markus-lanz-hennig-wellsow-zdf-linke-tv-talk-cdu-wolfgang-schaeuble-90309164.html|access-date=3 April 2021|website=www.merkur.de|language=de}}

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Category:1977 births

Category:Living people

Category:People from Demmin

Category:Die Linke politicians

Category:Members of the Landtag of Thuringia

Category:Party of Democratic Socialism (Germany) politicians

Category:Leaders of political parties in Germany

Category:21st-century German women politicians

Category:Members of the Bundestag 2021–2025

Category:Women opposition leaders