Tablighi Jamaat

The emergence of Tablighi Jamaat also coincided closely with the rise of various Hindu revivalist movements such as Shuddhi (purification) and Sanghatan (consolidation) launched in the early twentieth century to reconvert Hindus who had converted to Islam and Tablighi Jamaat has been called a "missionary offshoot" of the revivalist Deobandi movement of India.{{cite book |last1=Geaves |first1=Ron |editor1-last=Ridgeon |editor1-first=Lloyd |title=Sufis and Salafis in the Contemporary Age |date=2015 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |page=194 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WipfBwAAQBAJ&dq=Tablighi+Jamaat+versus+salafi&pg=PA194 |access-date=25 March 2022 |chapter=10. The Contested Milieu of Deoband, Salafis or Sufi? |isbn=9781472532237}}

File:তাবলীগ জামাতের প্রতিষ্ঠাতা মাওলানা ইলিয়াস (রঃ).jpg]]

Muhammad Ilyas Kandhlawi, the founder of Tablighi Jamaat, wanted to create a movement that would enjoin good and forbid evil as the Quran decreed,{{qref|3|104|b=y}} as his teacher Rasheed Ahmad Gangohi dreamed of doing. The inspiration for this came to Ilyas in a dream during his second pilgrimage to Mecca in 1926.{{Cite book |last=Agwani |first=Mohammad Shafi |year=1986 |title=Islamic Fundamentalism in India |publisher=Twenty First Century Indian Society |page=41}}

Ilyas abandoned his teaching post at Madrasah Mazahir Uloom in Saharanpur and became a missionary for reforming Muslims (but he did not advocate preaching to non-Muslims). He relocated near Dargah Hazrat Nizamuddin in Delhi, where this movement was formally launched in 1926,{{harvnb|Ahmad|1994|p=512}} or 1927.Dietrich Reetz, Sûfî spirituality fires reformist zeal: The Tablîghî Jamâ'at in today's India and Pakistan, Archives de sciences sociales des religions, 135 | juillet–septembre 2006, mis en ligne le 01 septembre 2009, consulté le 29 novembre 2014. p. 33. When setting the guidelines for the movement, he sought inspiration from the practices adopted by Muhammad at the dawn of Islam.{{harvnb|Ballard|1994|p=65}} Muhammad Ilyas put forward the slogan, {{nowrap|{{langx|ur|{{Nastaliq|"!اﮮ مسلمانو! مسلمان بنو"}}}}}}, "O Muslims, become [true] Muslims!". This expressed the central focus of Tablighi Jamaat: their aim to renew Muslims by socially by trying to unite them in embracing the lifestyle of Muhammad. The movement gained a following in a relatively short period and nearly 25,000 people attended the annual conference in November 1941.

At the time, some Muslim Indian leaders feared that Muslims were losing their religious identity and were heedless of Islamic rituals. The movement was never given any name officially, but Ilyas called it Tahrik-i Imaan.Kepel, War for Muslim Minds, 2004: p. 261{{harvnb|Roy|Sfeir|2007|p=342}} Muhammad Ilyas died in 1945 and he himself is buried in the Nizām Ad-Dīn Mosque.

The Mewat region where Tablighi Jamaat started near Delhi was inhabited by the Meos, an ethnic group native to the region, most of whom had converted to Islam, and then had adopted Hindu traditions and attitudes when Muslim political power declined in the region, lacking the necessary acumen (according to one author, Roger Ballard) required to resist the cultural and religious influence of majority Hindus, prior to the arrival of Tablighi Jamaat.{{harvnb|Ballard|1994|p=64}}

File:Biswa Ijtema Dhaka Bangladesh.jpg in Bangladesh]]

The group began to expand its activities in 1946. The initial expansion within South Asia happened immediately after the partition of India in 1947, when the Pakistan Chapter was established in the hinterlands of Raiwind town near Lahore, Pakistan. The Pakistan Chapter remained the largest until Bangladesh became independent from Pakistan in 1971. Today, the largest Chapter is Bangladesh followed by the second largest in Pakistan. Within two decades of its establishment, the group reached Southwest and Southeast Asia, Africa, Europe, and North America.{{harvnb|Ahmad|1994|p=514}} The Tablighi Jamaat's aversion to politics, and also its lack of any direct and practical economic-political-social viewpoints, helped it enter and operate in societies, especially western countries and societies where politically active religious groups faced restrictions.

The first foreign missions were sent to the Hejaz (western Saudi Arabia) and Britain in 1946.{{harvnb|Masud|2000|p=127}} The United States followed and during the 1970s and 1980s the Tablighi Jamaat also established a large presence in continental Europe. In France it was introduced in the 1960s, and grew significantly in the two decades following 1970.{{cite news|last1=Smith|first1=Craig S.|date=29 April 2005|title=French Islamic group offers rich soil for militancy|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/28/world/europe/28iht-muslim.html|access-date=23 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120904013458/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/28/world/europe/28iht-muslim.html|archive-date=4 September 2012}}

In France, as of 2004, it was represented on the French Council of the Muslim Faith. During the first half-decade of the 21st century Tablighi Jamaat went through a major revival in France, reaching 100,000 followers by 2006.{{cite news |author=Khalid Hasan |date=13 August 2006 |title=Tableeghi Jamaat: all that you know and don't |url=http://archives.dailytimes.com.pk/editorial/13-Aug-2006/postcard-usa-tableeghi-jamaat-all-that-you-know-and-don-t-khalid-hasan |newspaper=Daily Times |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108132051/http://archives.dailytimes.com.pk/editorial/13-Aug-2006/postcard-usa-tableeghi-jamaat-all-that-you-know-and-don-t-khalid-hasan |archive-date=8 January 2016 |access-date=21 January 2010}} However, the United Kingdom is the current focus of the movement in Europe, primarily due to the large South Asian population that began to arrive there in the 1960s.{{cite web |last=Howenstein |first=Nicholas |title=Islamist Networks: The Case of Tablighi Jamaat |author2=Dr. Eva Borreguero |url=http://www.usip.org/resources/islamist-networks-case-tablighi-jamaat |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090716071404/http://www.usip.org/resources/islamist-networks-case-tablighi-jamaat |archive-date=16 July 2009 |access-date=14 June 2007}} By 2007, Tablighi Jamaat members were situated at 600 of Britain's 1,350 mosques.{{cite news |last=Norfolk |first=Andrew |title=Muslim group behind 'mega-mosque' seeks to convert all Britain |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/faith/article2419524.ece |format=ece |work=The Times |access-date=7 April 2008 |location=London |date=10 September 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015183754/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/faith/article2419524.ece |archive-date=15 October 2008 |url-status=dead }}

After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the movement made inroads into Central Asia. As of 2007, it was estimated that 10,000 Tablighi Jamaat members could be found in Kyrgyzstan.{{cite web |last=Rotar |first=Igor |author-link=Igor Rotar |title=Pakistani Islamic Missionary Group Establishes a Strong Presence in Central Asia |publisher=EurasiaNet |date=23 June 2007 |url=http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/insight/articles/eav072307a.shtml |access-date=20 November 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090118211411/http://eurasianet.org/departments/insight/articles/eav072307a.shtml |archive-date=18 January 2009 |url-status=dead }}

Pew Research Center estimates there are between 12 and 80 million adherents, spread across more than 150 countries.{{cite news |last1=Masoodi |first1=Ashwaq |date=16 September 2013 |title=Inside the Tablighi Jamaat |url=http://www.livemint.com/Politics/nYJVwDC7lMtF8ZlDNGxAvI/Inside-the-Tablighi-Jamaat.html |newspaper=Live Mint |access-date=24 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160119144918/http://www.livemint.com/Politics/nYJVwDC7lMtF8ZlDNGxAvI/Inside-the-Tablighi-Jamaat.html |archive-date=19 January 2016 |url-status=live }} The majority of the followers of the Tablighi Jamaat live in South Asia. It is estimated that nearly 50,000 members of Tablighi Jamaat are active in the United States.

Members of Tabligh Jamat are allowed to follow their own fiqh as long as it does not deviate from Sunni Islam. Tablighi Jamaat defines its objective with reference to the concept of Dawah, the proselytizing or preaching of Islam. Tablighi Jamaat interprets Dawah as enjoining good and forbidding evil only and defines its objective within the framework of two particular Qur'anic verses which refer to this mission.{{harvnb|Masud|2000|p=xxi}} Those two verses are:{{harvnb|Masud|2000|p=xxii}}

{{Blockquote|And whose words are better than someone who calls ˹others˺ to Allah, does good, and says, "I am truly one of those who submit."?|{{qref|41|33|c=y}} }}

{{Blockquote|Let there be a group among you who call ˹others˺ to goodness, encourage what is good, and forbid what is evil—it is they who will be successful.|{{qref|3|104|c=y}} }}

File:Principles of tabligh jamaat.svg

When Tablighi Jamaat visits a village or neighborhood, it invites the local Muslims to assemble in the mosque to hear their message in the form of "Six Attributes".{{Cite journal |last=Lone |first=Rameez Ahmad |date=2021 |title=Tablighi Movement of 20th Century: Six Principles |url=https://eprajournals.com/IJMR/article/5849 |journal=EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research |volume=7 |issue=9 |pages=113–118 |doi=10.36713/epra8426 |via=ResearchGate |archive-date=24 July 2024 |access-date=25 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240724145058/https://eprajournals.com/IJMR/article/5849 |url-status=live |doi-access=free }} These six Attributes were derived from the lives of the companions of Muhammad, since Muslims believe Sahabah (companions) are the best human beings after Muhammad—It is stated in one hadith, "My Sahabah (companions) are like [guiding] stars, whosoever follows [any] one of them will be guided."{{harvnb|Ahmad|1994|p=513}}[(Sahih Muslim 6466; 207-(2531) Darussalam ed.)] The Six Sifāt are basically a discussion about six special Attributes that when achieved, will just make it easy to follow the entire Dīn. These objectives are:

1. Kalimah (ʾīmān'i Sifāt) — T.J Believes, to achieve it, One must have to strive. To make his iman into Yaqeen. That, Creation cannot do anything without the will of Allah, but Allah can & Peace-Happiness, Success is lying only in the way that Muhammad shows, not in any other worldly ways.{{cite book |last1=Ali |first1=Jan A. |last2=Sahib |first2=Rizwan |date=2022 |title=A Sociological Study of the Tabligh Jama'at: Working for Allah |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bdxxEAAAQBAJ |url-access=limited |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |pages=71–78 |chapter=Chapter 5: A Frame Analysis of Tablighi Texts |chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-98943-9_5 |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-98943-9 |isbn=978-3-030-98942-2 |name-list-style=amp}}{{cite book |last1=Lone |first1=Rameez Ahmad |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/355021860 |title=TABLIGHI JAMAAT: IDEOLOGY AND ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE |date=2021 |publisher=Notion Press |isbn=978-1685862350 |pages=50–56 |chapter=Chapter 2: Tablighi Jamaat: Ideology |url-access=limited |name-list-style=amp}}{{ASIN|1685862357}}
2. Salah (aka Namaz) — T.J Believes, One must have to try to achieve the sahaba standard salah. in both the inward and outward manners, that the Companions learnt from Muhammad. Have to make a Yaqeen that, by doing so one can become direct recipients from the vast Treasuries of Allah.
3. Ilm with Zikr (knowledge and remembrance of Allah) — T.J Believes, One must have to try to know what Allah desires from us at any particular time and condition. know to differentiate halal-Haram. so that he can act accordingly in the way Muhammad taught. Try to achieve, the consciousness and remembrance of Allah in every action, at each moment in one's worldly existence. these two are combined because only through the quality of Zikr, A'mal can be done with the full consciousness and remembrance of Allah. T.J Believes, the benefits of ilm should be learned in Taleem programs & ilm Maslaha from Ulama. The knowledge and remembrance of Allah conducted individually and in sessions where the congregation listens to preaching by the emir, performs prayers, recites the Quran and reads Hadith. The congregation will also use these sessions to eat meals together, thus fostering a sense of community and identity.
4. Ikram al-Muslim (Honoring Muslims; Ikram Sifāt) — Treating fellow Muslims "with honor and deference". T.J Believes, One must have to try to act Iḥsān (in the best possible way, with excellence and perfection), toward every Creation. One should invariably fulfil the obligations towards other human beings as commanded by Allah, & as taught by Muhammad. One should be prepared to sacrifice one's own rights, for which one will be rewarded in the hereafter. The other aspect of this sifat is, Akhlaq and Haqooq Ul Ibad encompassing rights of the Muslims as well as mankind. It is through these moral values, character building and showing sympathy to Muslims and non Muslims like poor, sick, elderly and other needy Islamic teachings could be practically disseminated.
5. Ikhlas-i-Niyyah (Purity, Sincerity of intention; Ikhlāṣ Sifāt) — T.J Believes, One must have to try to be pure, sincere when making an intention. every action is to be undertaken with no other end in view but to please Allah, & to reform oneself. Any slightest deviation from this set path is bound to generate the wrath, anger of Allah instead as it tantamont to admitting partner in that deed. Whether it be ibadat or mu'amalat, Allah accepts only such deeds which are offered purely with an intention to gain his pleasure only. A small act with purity in intention is great, considered acceptable and fully reward-able by Allah, compared to a big one where a slightest corruption in intention is present.
6. Dawah & Tabligh (Invitation and Conveyance, Preach; Dāʿī Sifāt), also Tafrigh-i-Waqt (sparing time in the path of Allah; Missionary tours;) — T.J Believes, As there are no more prophets to come, the responsibility for the effort of Da'wah now falls upon the Ummah. So, One should spent his life, wealth & time in the way of Allah. so that he can learn the proper use of these three, which was actually borrowed from Allah. Should follow the footsteps of Muhammad, by taking His message door to door. He should make an effort so that everyone can gets closer to Allah, & also withdraw himself from worldly engagements to go forth in missionary groups. spend one night a week, one weekend a month, 40 continuous days a year, and ultimately 120 days at least once in their lives. Women would work among other women or travel occasionally, with their men folk on longer tours. Only in an atmosphere free of worldly thoughts can be there a true receptivity to the message concerned.{{Cite web |last=Metcalf |first=Barbara D. |date=1 November 2001 |title="Traditionalist" Islamic Activism: Deoband, Tablighis, and Talibs |url=https://items.ssrc.org/after-september-11/traditionalist-islamic-activism-deoband-tablighis-and-talibs/ |access-date=2025-01-26 |website=Social Science Research Council |archive-date=13 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413004627/https://items.ssrc.org/after-september-11/traditionalist-islamic-activism-deoband-tablighis-and-talibs/ |url-status=live }}

{{Quote box

| quote = Dry-dock parable:
Man is a ship in trouble in tumultuous sea. It is impossible to repair it without taking it away from the high seas where the waves of ignorance and the temptations of temporal life assail it. Its only chance is to come back to land to be dry-docked. The dry-dock is the mosque of the jamaat.

| source = — from the book Travellers in Faith

| width= 30%

| align=right

}}

The activism of Tablighi Jamaat can be characterised by the last of the Six Principles. This principle, Tafrigh-i-Waqt (English: sparing of time) justifies the withdrawal from World, though temporarily, for travelling. Travel has been adopted as the most effective method of personal reform and has become an emblematic feature of organisation. They describe the purpose of this retreat as to patch the damages caused by the worldly indulgence and occasionally use the dry-dock parable to explain this.{{harvnb|Masud|2000|p=166}}

These individual jamaats, each led by an ameer, are sent from each markaz across the city or country to remind people to persist on the path of God. The duration of the work depends on the discretion of each jamaat. A trip can take an evening, a couple of days or a prolonged duration.

Preaching tours hold an important position in the Tablighi Da'wah methodology that they may be referred as 'travelers in faith' {{Cite journal |last=Lone |first=Rameez Ahmad |date=2021 |title=Religious Tourism: An Insight into the Islamic Tourism of Tablighi Jamaat |url=https://eprajournals.com/IJMR/article/5869/abstract |journal=EEPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research |volume=7 |issue=9 |pages=149–152 |doi=10.36713/epra8443 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=25 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222190526/https://eprajournals.com/IJMR/article/5869/abstract |url-status=live |doi-access=free }} Tabligh Jamaat encourages its followers to follow the pattern of spending "one night a week, one weekend a month, 40 continuous days a year, and ultimately 120 days at least once in their lives engaged in tabligh missions". During the course of these tours, members are generally seen dressed in simple, white, loose-clothing, carrying sleeping bags on their backs. These members use mosques as their base during this travel but particular mosques, due to more frequent tablighiyat activities, have come to be specifically associated with this organisation. These mosques generally hold the periodic, smaller scale convocations for neighbourhood members.

During their stay in mosques, these jamaats conduct a daily gasht, which involves visiting local neighbourhoods, preferably with the help of a guide called as rehbar. They invite people to attend the Maghrib prayer at their mosque and those who attend are delivered a sermon after the prayers, which essentially outlines the Six Principles. They urge the attendees to spend time in tabligh for self reformation and the propagation of Islam.{{harvnb|Masud|2000|pp=27–28}}

Generally, the assumed role of these jamaat members cycle in a way that they may be engaged as a preacher, a cook or as a cleaner at other times. Among Tabligh Jamaat members, this is generally referred to as khidmat which essentially connotes to serving their companions and freeing them for tablighi engagements. The members of the Jamaat are assigned these roles based on the day's mashwara. The markaz keeps records of each jamaat and its members, the identity of whom is verified from their respective mosques. Mosques are used to assist the tablighi activities of individual jamaats that voluntarily undertake preaching missions. Members of a jamaat, ideally, pay expenses themselves so as to avoid financial dependence on anyone.{{cite web |url=http://www.stanford.edu/group/SHR/5-1/text/metcalf.html |title=Islam and women: The case of the Tablighi Jama'at |last=Metcalf |first=Barbara |date=27 February 1996 |publisher=Stanford University |access-date=9 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325044556/http://www.stanford.edu/group/SHR/5-1/text/metcalf.html |archive-date=25 March 2009 |url-status=live }}

File:Congregation of Muslim, Tongi, Bangladesh.jpg (World Gathering) of Muslims at Tongi, Bangladesh]]

{{main|Ijtema}}

An annual gathering of followers, called ijtema, is summoned at headquarters of the respective countries. A typical ijtema continues for three days and ends with an exceptionally long prayer. These gatherings are considered moments of intense blessings by Tabligh Jamaat members and are known to attract members in excess of 2 million in some countries. The oldest ijtema of the World started in Bhopal, capital city of Madhya Pradesh, India. It attracts people from all over the world. Almost 2 million people gather for this annual gathering.{{Citation needed|date=October 2011}} One of the largest of such annual gatherings is held in Bangladesh. The Bengali gathering, called Bishwa Ijtema (World Gathering), converges followers from around the world in Tongi near Dhaka, Bangladesh, with an attendance exceeding 2 million people.{{Cite book |last=Uddin |first=Sufia M. |year=2006 |title=Constructing Bangladesh: Religion, Ethnicity, and Language in an Islamic Nation |publisher=UNC Press |page=146 |isbn=0-8078-3021-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wpS0vjc8atIC&q=tablighi}}{{cite news |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/idUKDHA10181920070202 |title=Millions of Muslims gather in Bangladesh |date=2 February 2007 |publisher=Reuters, UK |access-date=31 July 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100301220429/http://uk.reuters.com/article/idUKDHA10181920070202 |archive-date=1 March 2010 |url-status=dead }} The second largest Tabligh Jamaat gathering takes place in Raiwind, Pakistan which was attended by approximately 1.5 million people in 2004.{{cite news |date=21 November 2004 |title=600 couples wedded at Ijtema |url=http://archives.dailytimes.com.pk/national/21-Nov-2004/600-couples-wedded-at-ijtema |newspaper=Daily Times |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108132051/http://archives.dailytimes.com.pk/national/21-Nov-2004/600-couples-wedded-at-ijtema |archive-date=8 January 2016 |access-date=19 March 2010}} In 2011 Pakistan divided the Ijtema into two parts and a total of 1 million people attended each of the two Ijtema.{{cite web |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/294886/raiwind-tableeghi-ijtema-0-5m-attend-first-session-amid-tight-security |title=Raiwind Ijtema: Thousands head home as first session ends |newspaper=The Express Tribune |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111223102410/http://tribune.com.pk/story/294886/raiwind-tableeghi-ijtema-0-5m-attend-first-session-amid-tight-security/ |archive-date=23 December 2011 |url-status=live |date=20 November 2011 |access-date=31 July 2014}}{{cite web |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/298670/religious-conference-second-raiwind-ijtema-session-ends |title=Religious conference: Second Raiwind Ijtema session ends |newspaper=The Express Tribune |date=28 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205135139/http://tribune.com.pk/story/298670/religious-conference-second-raiwind-ijtema-session-ends/ |archive-date=5 December 2011 |url-status=live |access-date=31 July 2014}}

The method adopted by Muhammad Ilyas was to organise units (called jamaats, {{langx|ar| جماعاتِ }} meaning Assembly) of at least ten persons and send them to various villages or neighborhoods to preach. These outings, Dawah tours (see below), are now organised by Tablighi Jamaat leaders.Kepel, War for Muslim Minds, 2004: p. 83 In these tours, emphasis is laid on "A hadith about virtues of action" (imitating Muhammad). In the ahadith (reported sayings of Muhammad) of fazail (virtues) these has been called Eemaan (faith) and Ihtisab (for the sake of Allah) and Tablighi Jamaat believes this is the most vital deriving force for reward in akhirah (afterlife).

The Tablighi Jamaat founder Ilyas preached that knowledge of virtues and A'amalu-Saliha (Good Deeds and Actions) takes precedence over the knowledge of Masa'il (jurisprudence). Knowing jurisprudence detail (Fara'id (mandates) and Sunan (traditions) of Salat) is useful only if a person is ready to perform rituals such as offering Salat.{{cite web |url=http://tablighijamaattruth.blogspot.in/p/what-is-fazail-e-amaal-and-what-is-not.html |title=Dawat O Tabligh & Islah: What is and What not in Fazail e Amaal, Haqeeqat Reality of allegation Propaganda discussion |publisher=Tablighijamaattruth.blogspot.in |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140310055203/http://tablighijamaattruth.blogspot.in/p/what-is-fazail-e-amaal-and-what-is-not.html |archive-date=10 March 2014 |url-status=live |access-date=31 July 2014}}

They insist that the best way of learning is teaching and encouraging others, with the books prescribed by Tabligi Jamaat Movement in the light of Quran and Hadith stories of Prophets, Sahaba (Companions of Prophet) and Awlia Allah ("Friends of Allah").{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Barbara|title=Traditionalist" Islamic Activism: Deoband, Tablighis, and Talibs|url=http://essays.ssrc.org/sept11/essays/metcalf.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090901024438/http://essays.ssrc.org/sept11/essays/metcalf.htm|archive-date=1 September 2009|access-date=24 January 2010|publisher=Social Science Research Council}} {{#tag:ref|In this background Tablighi Jamaat suggest a series of books comprising Riyadus Saliheen, Muntakhab Ahadith (Collection of authentic Ahadith without commentary), Hayatus Sahaba and Fadhaa'il A'maal Vol 1 & 2 and other books.{{cite web |url=http://central-mosque.com/index.php/Civil/tableeghi-jamaat-in-the-scale-of-qur-aan-sunnah.html |title=Tableeghi Jamaat: On the scale of Qur'aan & Sunnah | Civil |publisher=Central-mosque.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140802020015/http://www.central-mosque.com/index.php/Civil/tableeghi-jamaat-in-the-scale-of-qur-aan-sunnah.html |archive-date=2 August 2014 |url-status=live |access-date=31 July 2014}}' etc.|group=Note}} A collection of books, usually referred as Tablighi Nisaab (Tablighi Curriculum), is recommended by Tabligh Jamaat elders for general reading. This set includes four books namely (Hayatus Sahabah, Fazail-e-Amaal, Fazail-e-Sadqaat and Muntakhab Ahadith).{{harvnb|Masud|2000|p=82}}

In its early days and in South Asia, the Tabligh movement aimed to return to orthodoxy and "purify" the Muslim religio-cultural identity of heterodox or "borderline" Muslims who still practised customs and religious rites connected with Hinduism. Especially to counteract the efforts of Hindu proselytising movements who targeted these often recently converts from Hinduism.{{harvnb|Ahmad|1994|p=511}} Unlike common proselytising movements, Tablighi Jamaat has mostly focused on making Muslims 'better and purer' and ideally "religiously perfect", rather than preaching to the non-Muslims. This is because (it believes) dawah to non-Muslims will only be effective (or will be much more effective) when a Muslim reaches "perfection".{{harvnb|Masud|2000|p=104}}

File:Kakrail Mosque, Dhaka.jpg, Dhaka. The Tablighi Jamaat movement in Bangladesh is mostly based here.]]

Tablighi Jamaat follows an informal organisational structure and keeps an introverted institutional profile.

It has been described as "a free-floating religious movement with minimal dependence on hierarchy, leadership positions, and decision-making procedures."{{harvnb|Ahmad|1994|p=459}}

It keeps its distance from the mass media and avoids publishing details about its activities and membership. The group also exercises complete abstinence from expressing opinions on political and controversial issues, mainly to avoid the disputes that would accompany these endorsements.{{cite news |first=Alex |last=Alexiev |title=Tablighi Jamaat: Jihad's Stealthy Legions |url=http://www.meforum.org/article/686 |date=Winter 2005 |publisher=Middle East Quarterly |access-date=1 February 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070223091014/http://www.meforum.org/article/686 |archive-date=23 February 2007 |url-status=live }}{{cite news |last=Khattak |first=Inamullah |date=27 April 2009 |title=Tableeghi Jamaat leaders denounce gunpoint Sharia |url=http://www.dawn.com/news/460513/tableeghi-jamaat-leaders-denounce-gunpoint-sharia |newspaper=Dawn |access-date=29 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108132051/http://www.dawn.com/news/460513/tableeghi-jamaat-leaders-denounce-gunpoint-sharia |archive-date=8 January 2016 |url-status=live }} As an organisation, Tabligh Jamaat does not seek donations and is not funded by anyone; in fact, members have to bear their own expenditures. Since there is no formal registration process and no official membership count has ever been taken, the exact membership statistics remain unknown. The movement discourages interviews with its elders and has never officially released texts, although there are publications associated with the movement (usually referred to as Tablighi Nisaab [Tablighi Curriculum]). The emphasis has never been on book learning but rather on first-hand personal communication.{{harvnb|Ahmad|1994|p=516}}

The organisation's activities are coordinated through centers called Markaz. It also has country-wise centers in over 200 countries to coordinate its activities. These centers organize volunteer, self-funding people in groups (called jamaats), averaging ten to twelve people, to remind Muslims to remain steadfast on the path of Allah. These jamaats and preaching missions are self-funded by their respective members.

Ameer is the title of supervisor (doyen) in the Tabligh Jamaat, and the attribute largely sought is the quality of faith rather than the worldly rank. The ameer of Tabligh Jamaat is appointed for life by a central consultative council (shura) and elders of the Tabligh Jamaat. The first emir was Muhammad Ilyas Kandhalawi, later succeeded by his son Maulana Muhammad Yusuf Kandhalawi and then by Inamul Hasan Kandhlawi, and the current emir is Muhammad Saad Kandhlawi. Sometime in 1992, 3 years before the time of his demise, Inamul Hasan Kandhlawi formed a 10-member advisory committee to appoint an emir (ameer). This 10-member advisory committee consisted of Saeed Ahmed Khan, Mufti Zainul Abideen, Muhammad Umar Palanpuri, Izhar-ul-Hasan Kandhlawi, Zubair-ul-Hassan Kandhlawi, Miyaji Mehraab, Haji Abdul Wahhab, Haji Abdul Muqeet, Haji Afzal, Muhammad Saad Kandhlawi, and Khalid Siddiqui Aligarhi.{{cite news |last1=Saad |first1=Muhammad |title=Maolana |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhopal/395-nikah-held-on-second-day-of-Ijtema/articleshow/17366565.cms |work=The Times of India |date=26 November 2012 |access-date=8 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830105832/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhopal/395-nikah-held-on-second-day-of-Ijtema/articleshow/17366565.cms |archive-date=30 August 2018 |url-status=live }}

In Tablighi Jamaat, women are encouraged to stay at home, and to choose a life of "segregation between female and male". However they also engage in proselytizing activities, discussing among themselves in small groups the basics of Tabligh and traveling with their husbands (or another mahram) on proselytizing trips.{{cite web |last1=De Féo |first1=Agnès |title=Behind the Veil, In the Ranks of the Tablighi Jamaat |url=http://www.world-religion-watch.org/index.php/about-us-researchers-and-fellows-at-world-religion-watch/research-publications-and-working-papers/284-veil-tabligh-jamaat |publisher=World Religion Watch |access-date=23 January 2016 |date=12 October 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160128094407/http://www.world-religion-watch.org/index.php/about-us-researchers-and-fellows-at-world-religion-watch/research-publications-and-working-papers/284-veil-tabligh-jamaat |archive-date=28 January 2016 |url-status=dead }} Tabligh inculcates in them that dawah is also important alongside taking care of their spouses or taking care of their children.

According to a 1996 study by Barbara Metcalf, the Tablighi Jamaat has encouraged women to participate since the beginning of the movement. Some scholars objected to the participation of women, but Muhammad Ilyas slowly gained their support and the first jamaat of women was formed in Nizamuddin, Delhi. Accompanied by a close male relative, (mahram), women are encouraged to go out in jamaats and work among other women and family members while following the rules of modesty, seclusion and segregation. They observe hijab by covering their faces and hands. Jamaats of women sometimes participate in large annual meetings; otherwise, they commonly hold neighbourhood meetings.

Tablighi Jamaat tends to blur the boundaries of gender roles and both genders share a common behavioural model and their commitment to tabligh. The emphasis is on a common nature and responsibilities shared by both genders. Just as men redraw the gender roles when they wash and cook during the course of da'wa tours, women undertake the male responsibility of sustaining the household. Women do not play any role in the higher echelons of the movement, but their opinions are taken into due consideration. Women and the family members are told to learn Quran and follow 5 Amaals in everyday life, Taleem of Ahadees, Quran recitation, 6 Points muzakera, and mashwara for daily life work and fikr for the whole world as people from around the world will be coming and they are the ones who have to learn before they can teach.

File:Cot Goh.jpg, Aceh Besar, Aceh]]

Tabligh Jamaat has been criticised—especially by Hizb ut-Tahrir and Jamaat-e-Islami—for its neutral political stance and failure to assist Islamist forces in the fight against secular or non-Islamist opponents. Specifically they criticise the Tabligh Jamaat's neutral position towards issues in South Asia such as the introduction of an Islamic constitution in Pakistan (1950s), Islam vs socialism (1969–1971), communal riots in India in the 1970s and 1980s, the Khatm-e-Nabuwwat Movement (1974), and Nizam-e-Mustafa Movement (1977).{{harvnb|Ahmad|1994|p=518}} The Tablighi Jamaat, in response, states that it is only by avoiding the political debates that the Tablighi Jamaat has been successful in reawakening the spiritual conscience of the followers. The apolitical stance also helped it operate in difficult times, such as during the governments of Ayub Khan (1960s) and Indira Gandhi (1975–77), when other sociopolitical Islamic groups faced restrictions.{{Cite web|title=Growing Islamic State Influence in Pakistan Fuels Sectarian Violence|url=https://jamestown.org/program/growing-islamic-state-influence-in-pakistan-fuels-sectarian-violence/|access-date=2020-04-10|website=Jamestown|language=en-US|archive-date=26 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200426051936/https://jamestown.org/program/growing-islamic-state-influence-in-pakistan-fuels-sectarian-violence/|url-status=live}}

The difference of opinion regarding political participation also marks the fundamental difference between the Tablighi Jamaat and Islamist movements. While the Islamists believe that the acquisition of political power is the absolute requirement for the establishment of an Islamic society, the Tablighi Jamaat believes that mere political power is not enough to ensure effective organisation of the Islamic social order.{{harvnb|Ahmad|1994|p=519}} The exclusive focus of the Tablighi Jamaat's attention is the individual, and members believe the reformation of society and institutions will only be effective through education and reform of individuals. It insists that nations and social systems exist by the virtue of the individuals who form them; therefore, the reform must begin at the grass-roots with individuals and not at the higher level of political structure.{{harvnb|Ahmad|1994|p=517}}

Nasiruddin Albani in his book "Darsush Shaikhul Albani" talks about Tabligh Jamaat's aloofness from politics,{{cite web |title=ص10 - دروس للشيخ الألباني - عدم اهتمامهم بالسياسات - المكتبة الشاملة الحديثة |url=https://al-maktaba.org/book/7682/140 |website=al-maktaba.org |access-date=29 October 2022}}

{{blockquote| Question: The first question we were asked was about a critical issue, so may Allah reward you well, because you have done the mental labor of giving your opinion on many critical issues of Tabligh Jamaat, but here are some more critical issues related to other points of view, which are answered. We would like to know, first briefly, then in detail, may God have mercy on you: The questioner said: What do you say about a principle of the Tabligh Jamaat, in which they say: We do not talk about four things when we go out (in da'wah work), because talking about those four things causes fitna. Because of the creation, these are: politics, jurisprudence, disagreement or ikhtilaf and party differences? Answer: And we pray to Allah, may Allah guide them! Initially we agree with them (Tabligh Jamaat) on politics, but not on the whole. The way we see it, I've said it many times before. We were interrogated in Syria, and there we were questioned by the intelligence agencies, unfortunately as they do in every Muslim country: you are gathering, partying, etc. etc. And I said: This party is for reform, not for politics, and after a long discussion of more than an hour when this Bathist (Bath Party or Hizbul Bas, a political party in Syria) interrogator did not find any way to be considered from a legal point of view, He said: Go then, go and give your dars (teachings), but do not talk about politics, although I explained to him: We call upon ourselves by calling for reform, that is to return to the Qur'an and the Sunnah as you have always heard and all your life. Stay, and I've explained it before, but now you go back to that: But don't get involved in politics. So this forces me to point out a few things to you. It is true that we do not engage in politics. Because getting involved in politics is not part of Islam, it is not right. Politics is part of Islam, and some Islamic scholars are familiar with Ibn Taymiyyah's book "Siyasah Shariah, Qadiman wa Hadisan" (Politics/policy of Shariah, Past and Present). The Islamic state does not fall outside politics, and what is the meaning of the word politics (siyasat)? That is: the policy of the people (siyasatun nas, b. in Arabic both policy and politics both are understood by the word siyasat) and establishing solutions to their problems, according to their present and future interests. We do not deny the need to involve ourselves in politics, but we have seen - and we have proof of this - that leaving politics is part of politics (ايّها المتأسلمون: من السياسه ترك السياسه) (Min as-Siyasah Taraqa al-Siyasah, from Politics (comes) to leave politics (the matter of)/the matter of leaving politics comes/came from politics). One has to participate in politics temporarily or temporarily, but it cannot be abandoned, otherwise how can a Muslim state be established without such politics? But those who should participate in politics must be scholars, scholars must be scholars according to the correct understanding of the Book (Qur'an) and Sunnah (ideology of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad) and according to the understanding of the Salaf al-Saliheen, etc., and that is why we agree with them (the Tabligh Jamaat) on this issue, we agree with them in general, but we do not agree with them in detail, so now we say: leaving politics is part of politics.}}

Tablighi Jamaat has received criticism in the Indian subcontinent from the Barelvi movement. One of the main criticisms against them is that the men neglect and ignore their families, especially by going out on da'wa tours. Tablighi Jamaat participants, in response, argue that both genders should be equally engaged in Tabligh. They further say that women, like men, are also urged to carry the responsibility of Tabligh and that men should facilitate women's participation by providing childcare.

Tablighi Jamaat has been criticised for being retrogressive. The women in the movement observe hijab for which the movement has been accused of keeping women "strictly subservient and second string".

Before the rule of Prince Muhammad bin Salman, Salafist and Wahhabi ulema in Saudi Arabia issued rulings "declaring Tablighis to be deviants and forbidding participation in Tablighi activities unless the reason for the participation is to criticize" the alleged deviancy. They also issued fatwa prohibiting Tablighi literature and preaching in that country.

;Denials of extremism

Tablighi Jamaat focuses on religion and generally avoids political activities and debates, claiming that the reformation of society will be achieved through personal spiritual renewal. It has been criticized by some Muslims for being too pacifist/quietist.

Its leaders have denied any links with terrorism,{{cite news|last1=Takar|first1=Nafees|last2=Zahid|first2=Noor|date=15 January 2016|title=Are Conservative Muslim Tablighi Jamaat Pacifists or Extremists?|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/conservative-muslim-movement-tablighi-jamaat/3148033.html |url-status=live|work=VOA News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103125032/https://www.voanews.com/east-asia-pacific/are-conservative-muslim-tablighi-jamaat-pacifists-or-extremists|archive-date=3 January 2020|access-date=5 April 2020}} denounced Al-Qaeda,

but admit to not controlling its membership.{{cite news |last=Lewis |first=Paul |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/aug/19/religion.terrorism |title=Inside the Islamic group accused by MI5 and FBI |newspaper=The Guardian |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202110848/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/aug/19/religion.terrorism |archive-date=2 February 2017 |url-status=live |access-date=31 July 2014}}

At least three western experts on Islam have testified to its apolitical, quietist and/or peaceful character:

• "peaceful and apolitical preaching-to-the-people movement" (Graham E. Fuller).{{cite journal |last1=Alexiev |first1=Alex |date=Winter 2005 |title=Tablighi Jamaat: Jihad's Stealthy Legions |url=http://www.meforum.org/686/tablighi-jamaat-jihads-stealthy-legions |url-status=live |journal=Middle East Quarterly |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=3–11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108132051/http://www.meforum.org/686/tablighi-jamaat-jihads-stealthy-legions |archive-date=8 January 2016 |access-date=11 January 2016}}"The Future of Political Islam". Foreign Affairs. 2002-03-01. Retrieved 2008-03-28.Graham E. Fuller is a former CIA official and an expert on Islam, and author of The Future of Political Islam)
• "completely apolitical and law abiding" (Olivier Roy)."Search for a perfect world of Islam". Le Monde diplomatique. 2002-05. Retrieved 2008-03-28.Olivier Roy is a prominent authority on Islam at the French National Centre for Scientific Research
• "an apolitical, quietist movement of internal grassroots missionary renewal" (Barbara D. Metcalf).Barbara D. Metcalf is an academic at University of Michigan

According to the American Foreign Policy Council (AFPC), the Tablighi Jamaat teaches that jihad is "primarily as personal purification rather than as holy warfare".{{Cite web |title=Tablighi Jama'at |url=http://almanac.afpc.org/tablighi-jamaat# |website=The World Almanac of Islamism |publisher=American Foreign Policy Council |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160323011829/http://almanac.afpc.org/tablighi-jamaat |archive-date=23 March 2016 |url-status=dead |access-date=28 December 2015}} Because of its disavowal of violent jihad, the Tablighi activities have been banned in Saudi Arabia and some Islamist groups have accused the Tabligh of weakening support for jihad amongst Muslims.{{Cite web |title=Tablighi Jama'at |url=http://almanac.afpc.org/tablighi-jamaat# |website=The World Almanac of Islamism |publisher=American Foreign Policy Council |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160323011829/http://almanac.afpc.org/tablighi-jamaat |archive-date=23 March 2016 |url-status=dead |access-date=28 December 2015 |quote="Some Barelvi propagandists even accuse Tablighi Jamaat of being a tool of the British, Americans and Indians, employed to drain Muslims of jihadist zeal.in October 2010 Pakistani intelligence was reporting that "four foreign militants have been assigned by their commanders to assassinate two prominent leaders of Tablighi Jamaat.}}

Interviews with TJ members, based on primary research, indicate that they emphasize self-reform, unity, and adherence to Islamic teachings before considering any broader struggles. Some TJ adherents describe their primary jihad as 'Tabligh'—the act of preaching and reviving faith among Muslims—arguing that external struggles are secondary to internal spiritual development. TJ followers highlight that division and lack of religious adherence within the Muslim community make any form of militant jihad ineffective and premature. Furthermore, some members view controlling one’s 'Nafs' (self) as the greatest form of jihad, placing emphasis on personal piety rather than political activism.

{{Unfocused|date=May 2022|talk=Unfocused explanation section|section=yes}}

Fred Burton, Scott Stewart, Mumtaz Ahmad, and Shireen Khan Burki explain the connection between TJ and jihadism by the opinions that

• TJ shares much with groups that have been accused of breeding jihadis -- Salafis, Wahhabis and other 'revivalist' Islamist movements. They share the same conservative Islamic values and lifestyle, strict Islamic belief system and rejection of secularism;{{Cite book |last=Silber |first=Mitchell D. |title=The Al Qaeda Factor: Plots Against the West |date=2011-11-29 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |isbn=978-0-8122-0522-0 |pages=37, 38 |language=en}}{{Cite book |last=Pisoiu |first=Daniela |title=Islamist Radicalisation in Europe: An Occupational Change Process |date=2011-07-15 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-65065-9 |pages=159 |language=en}} they "share the same core ideology and ultimate objectives (the expansion of Dar al Islam and the establishment of a global Caliphate)". According to US officials (the U.S. Government has closely monitored Tablighi Jamaat since September 2001), though the Tablighis do not have a direct link with terrorism,{{Cite web |title=A Muslim Missionary Group Draws New Scrutiny in U.S. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/07/14/us/a-muslim-missionary-group-draws-new-scrutiny-in-us.html |website=The New York Times |date=14 July 2003 |first=Susan |last=Sachs |url-status=live |access-date=2 April 2020 |quote=Neither the organization nor Tabligh activists have been accused of committing any crime or of supporting terrorism. Yet the authorities remain alert to what they see as the group's susceptibility to infiltration and manipulation. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401094700/https://www.nytimes.com/2003/07/14/us/a-muslim-missionary-group-draws-new-scrutiny-in-us.html |archive-date=1 April 2020}} the teachings and beliefs of Tablighi Jamat have been a cornerstone for joining in radical Muslim groups.
• By asking Muslims to "shun politics and public affairs", TJ leaves "a gap" in members' worldview/belief system; since "some people find they cannot ignore what is happening in the world around them, especially when that world includes wars". When jihadist groups "offer religiously sanctioned prescriptions as to how 'good Muslims' should deal with life's injustices", some TJ members listen.
• In addition, Mumtaz Ahmad notes, its "apolitical stance" has helped reassure Muslim and non-Muslim states, governments and others who put severe restrictions on politically activist Islamic groups; it allows TJ to penetrate and operate in these societies.
• Thus TJ provides "a cover, a conduit and a fertile recruiting ground for jihadi organizations such as Al Qaeda and Lashkar-i-Taiba". TJ has been said to enable Al-Qaida "by supporting recruitment in radical madrassas and fundraising at mosques all over Pakistan."{{Cite book |last1=Mullick |first1=Haider Ali Hussein |editor1-last=Cigar |editor1-first=Norman L. |editor2-last=Kramer |editor2-first=Stephanie E. |year=2011 |chapter=Power by Proxy: Al-Qaida in Pakistan |title=Al-Qaida After Ten Years of War: A Global Perspective of Successes, Failures, and Prospects |location=Quantico, VA |publisher=Marine Corps University Press |page=173 |isbn=978-0-16-090299-4}} Law enforcement officials says that Tablighi Jamaat's presence all around the world and its apolitical stance have been exploited by militant groups.{{Cite web |title=A Muslim Missionary Group Draws New Scrutiny in U.S. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/07/14/us/a-muslim-missionary-group-draws-new-scrutiny-in-us.html |website=The New York Times |date=14 July 2003 |first=Susan |last=Sachs |url-status=live |access-date=2 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401094700/https://www.nytimes.com/2003/07/14/us/a-muslim-missionary-group-draws-new-scrutiny-in-us.html |archive-date=1 April 2020}} A former homeland security employee described Tablighi Jamaat as a "trans-national Islamist network".{{Cite web |last=Picard |first=Joe |date=16 December 2015 |title=Administration nixed probe into Southern California jihadists |url=https://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/homeland-security/263284-administration-nixed-probe-into-southern-california/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225153929/http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/homeland-security/263284-administration-nixed-probe-into-southern-california |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=28 December 2015 |website=The Hill}} According to Alex Alexiev, "perhaps 80% percent of the Islamist extremists have come from Tablighi ranks, prompting French intelligence officers to call Tablighi Jamaat the 'antechamber of fundamentalism.'"Le Monde (Paris), 25 January 2002.{{cite web |url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/nation/qaeda-used-tablighi-jamaat-as-cover-wikileaks_705155.html |title=Qaeda used Tablighi Jamaat as cover: WikiLeaks |publisher=Zeenews.india.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527212745/http://zeenews.india.com/news/nation/qaeda-used-tablighi-jamaat-as-cover-wikileaks_705155.html |archive-date=27 May 2014 |url-status=live |date=9 May 2011 |access-date=31 July 2014}}
• In addition, some argue Tablighi Jamaat is not as apolitical as it might first appear. According to Patrick Sukhdeo, TJ is an extremely secretive group and the core of the group does not disclose how it operates. Despite claims of being apolitical, it has ties with the political and military sector of countries such as Pakistan and Bangladesh.

The Tablighi Jamaat operates in every sense as a secret society in this country [Britain], as much as elsewhere [...] Its meetings are held behind closed doors. We don't know who attends them. How much money it has. It publishes no minutes or accounts. It doesn't talk about itself. It is extremely difficult to penetrate.quoting TJ scholar, Dr. Patrick Sukhdeo, the director of the Institute for

the Study of Islam and Christianity {{Cite journal|last=Burki|first=Shireen Khan|date=2013-01-01|title=The Tablighi Jama'at: Proselytizing Missionaries or Trojan Horse?|journal=Journal of Applied Security Research |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=111 |doi=10.1080/19361610.2013.738407 |s2cid=144466130|issn=1936-1610}}

Some have compared the group's ideology to Khawarij whereas others point out that the Tablighi Jamaat takes a "traditionalist" approach to Islam in contrast to Khawarij's extremist and often heretical approach.{{cite book |title=Young British Muslims: Identity, Culture, Politics and the Media |author=Nahid Afrose Kabir |date=14 March 2012 |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |isbn=9780748686926 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GRPsAQAAQBAJ&q=tablighi+wahhabism&pg=PT77}}{{Cite journal |last=Alexiev |first=Alex |date=2005-01-01 |title=Tablighi Jamaat: Jihad's Stealthy Legions |url=https://www.meforum.org/686/tablighi-jamaat-jihads-stealthy-legions |journal=Middle East Quarterly |language=en |archive-date=2 April 2020 |access-date=6 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200402003836/https://www.meforum.org/686/tablighi-jamaat-jihads-stealthy-legions |url-status=live }}{{unreliable source?|date=May 2022}}{{Cite journal |last=Burki |first=Shireen Khan |date=2013-01-01 |title=The Tablighi Jama'at: Proselytizing Missionaries or Trojan Horse? |journal=Journal of Applied Security Research |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=111 |doi=10.1080/19361610.2013.738407 |s2cid=144466130 |issn=1936-1610}}

The Tablighi Jamaat tried to expand the Abbey Mills Mosque into the largest mosque in the United Kingdom. The plan attracted controversy,{{cite news|title=First Public Debate About The 'Mega' Mosque|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/london/content/articles/2007/09/10/newham_abbeymills_mosque_video_feature.shtml|archive-date=25 February 2008|access-date=10 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080225193223/http://www.bbc.co.uk/london/content/articles/2007/09/10/newham_abbeymills_mosque_video_feature.shtml|url-status=live}} and the Tabligh was denied permission.{{cite news|title=Biggest UK mosque: Newham Council rejects plans|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-20605213}}

Since 2016, Tableeghi Jamat has functioned as two groups after a bitter division, one led by Maulana Saad Kandhelvi with headquarters in India, and the other led by a collective Shura with headquarters in Punjab, Pakistan and Bangladesh. There have been at least three violent clashes, one in Delhi, India and two in Bangladesh.{{cite web | url=https://countercurrents.org/2018/10/global-leadership-split-in-tablighi-jamaat-echoes-in-san-francisco-bay-area | title=Global Leadership Split in Tablighi Jamaat Echoes in San Francisco Bay Area| Countercurrents | date=12 October 2018 | access-date=2 January 2025 | archive-date=29 April 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200429132633/https://countercurrents.org/2018/10/global-leadership-split-in-tablighi-jamaat-echoes-in-san-francisco-bay-area | url-status=live }}{{cite web | url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/4-killed-clash-over-control-ijtema-ground-3778991 | title=4 killed in clash over control of Ijtema ground | date=19 December 2024 }}{{cite web | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/how-tablighi-movement-split-into-two-groups-two-years-ago/articleshow/74922079.cms | title=How Tablighi movement split into two groups two years ago | work=The Times of India | date=April 2020 | access-date=2 January 2025 | archive-date=25 September 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925213913/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/how-tablighi-movement-split-into-two-groups-two-years-ago/articleshow/74922079.cms | url-status=live }}

Tablighi Jamaat has been banned in Iran, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kazakhstan, Russia and Saudi Arabia. In some Central Asian countries such as Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kazakhstan, where its puritanical preachings are viewed as extremist.{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/explained-who-are-the-tablighi-jamaat-the-organisation-at-the-epicentre-of-coronavirus-outbreak-in-india/article31238915.ece|title=Explained Who are the Tablighi Jamaat?|website=The Hindu|date=2 April 2020|last1=Johny|first1=Stanly|archive-date=11 April 2020|access-date=12 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411110748/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/explained-who-are-the-tablighi-jamaat-the-organisation-at-the-epicentre-of-coronavirus-outbreak-in-india/article31238915.ece|url-status=live}} In February 2020, a counter-terrorism operation in Russia led to the arrest of seven Tablighis and dismantled the terrorist cell affiliated to the Tablighi Jamaat. According to Russian intelligence, the terrorist cell was involved in dissemination of materials and radicalization. The Tablighi Jamaat has been banned in Russia since 2009. The Supreme Court of Russia also recommended the Tablighi Jamaat to be included into the list of terrorist groups monitored by the Kremlin.{{Cite news|title=Tablighi Jamaat, an 'antechamber of terrorism' in Europe?|url=https://wap.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/tablighi-jamaat-an-antechamber-of-terrorism-in-europe-120040201638_1.html|access-date=21 May 2020}} On 10 December 2021, Saudi Arabia further warned against Tablighi Jamaat, calling it a "danger to society" and "one of the gates of terrorism", while all forms of innovated Islamic preaching are already banned in the kingdom. The announcement was made by the country's Minister of Islamic Affairs, Abdullatif Al Al-Sheikh.{{Cite web|title=Saudi Arabia bans Tablighi Jamaat, calls it 'one of the gates of terrorism'|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/world/asia/saudi-arabia-bans-tablighi-jamaat-calls-it-one-of-the-gates-of-terrorism20211212055938/|access-date=2021-12-12|website=ANI News|language=en|archive-date=12 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211212004936/https://www.aninews.in/news/world/asia/saudi-arabia-bans-tablighi-jamaat-calls-it-one-of-the-gates-of-terrorism20211212055938/|url-status=live}} All other Arab countries specifically Gulf Arabic countries including United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain and Oman have Tablighi Jamat Maraakez (centres) and many locals are openly involved in Tabligh activity.{{Citation needed|date=June 2024}}

{{Further|COVID-19 pandemic in Asia}}

Tablighi Jamaat attracted significant public and media attention during the COVID-19 pandemic.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/20/world/asia/coronavirus-malaysia-muslims-outbreak.html|title=None of us have fear of corona|website=The New York Times|date=20 March 2020|last1=Beech|first1=Hannah|archive-date=26 March 2020|access-date=29 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200326104914/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/20/world/asia/coronavirus-malaysia-muslims-outbreak.html|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/04/tablighi-jamaat-event-india-worst-coronavirus-vector-200407052957511.html|title=How Tablighi Jamaat event became India's worst coronavirus vector|access-date=12 April 2020|archive-date=7 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407173751/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/04/tablighi-jamaat-event-india-worst-coronavirus-vector-200407052957511.html|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://theprint.in/best-of-theprint-icymi/largest-viral-vector-how-tablighi-jamaat-spread-coronavirus-from-malaysia-to-india/395034/|title='Largest viral vector' — how Tablighi Jamaat spread coronavirus from Malaysia to India|website=ThePrint|date=4 April 2020|access-date=12 April 2020|archive-date=9 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200409082348/https://theprint.in/best-of-theprint-icymi/largest-viral-vector-how-tablighi-jamaat-spread-coronavirus-from-malaysia-to-india/395034/|url-status=live}}{{Cite journal |last=Lone |first=Rameez Ahmad |date=2024 |title=Navigating Islamophobia, COVID-19 bans, and ideology: a study of Tablighi Jamaat's apolitical movement and jihad in a complex world |journal=Contemporary Islam |volume=18 |issue=3 |pages=501–517 |doi=10.1007/s11562-024-00565-w |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11562-024-00565-w |access-date=March 24, 2025}}

{{Further|2020 Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot in Malaysia}}

Between 27 February and 1 March 2020, the movement organised an international mass religious gathering at the Masjid Jamek in Sri Petaling, Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia. The Tablighi Jamaat gathering has been linked to more than 620 COVID-19 cases, making it the largest-known centre of transmission of the virus in Southeast Asia.{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/20/world/asia/coronavirus-malaysia-muslims-outbreak.html |title=None of Us Have a Fear of Corona': The Faithful at an Outbreak's Center |first=Hannah |last=Beech |date=20 March 2020 |work=The New York Times |access-date=3 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200326104914/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/20/world/asia/coronavirus-malaysia-muslims-outbreak.html |archive-date=26 March 2020 |url-status=live }}{{cite news |title=Despite Covid-19 threat, thousands of Muslim pilgrims gather in Indonesia |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/regional/2020/03/18/thousands-of-muslim-pilgrims-brave-virus-to-gather-in-indonesia#cxrecs_s |access-date=21 March 2020 |work=The Star |date=18 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318205746/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/regional/2020/03/18/thousands-of-muslim-pilgrims-brave-virus-to-gather-in-indonesia#cxrecs_s |archive-date=18 March 2020 |url-status=live }} The Sri Petaling event resulted in the biggest increase in COVID-19 cases in Malaysia, with almost two thirds of the 673 confirmed cases in Malaysia linked to this event by 17 March 2020.{{cite news |url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-malaysia-mosque/how-mass-pilgrimage-at-malaysian-mosque-became-coronavirus-hotspot-idUKKBN2142V5 |title=How Mass Pilgrimage at Malaysian Mosque Became Coronavirus Hotspot |newspaper=Reuters |date=17 March 2020 |access-date=2 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200404204957/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-malaysia-mosque/how-mass-pilgrimage-at-malaysian-mosque-became-coronavirus-hotspot-idUKKBN2142V5 |archive-date=4 April 2020 |url-status=dead }} Most of the COVID-19 cases in Brunei originated here, and other countries including Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam and the Philippines have traced their cases back to this event.{{cite news |title=How Sri Petaling tabligh became Southeast Asia's Covid-19 hotspot |url=https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2020/03/575560/how-sri-petaling-tabligh-became-southeast-asias-covid-19-hotspot |access-date=21 March 2020 |work=New Straits Times |agency=Reuters |date=17 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200326004049/https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2020/03/575560/how-sri-petaling-tabligh-became-southeast-asias-covid-19-hotspot |archive-date=26 March 2020 |url-status=live }}{{cite news |url=https://www.mindanews.com/top-stories/2020/03/19-filipino-tablighs-positive-for-covid-19-quarantined-in-malaysia/ |title=19 Filipino tablighs positive for COVID-19 quarantined in Malaysia |first=Ferdinandh B. |last=CABRERA |date=23 March 2020 |work=Minda News |access-date=3 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200405085016/https://www.mindanews.com/top-stories/2020/03/19-filipino-tablighs-positive-for-covid-19-quarantined-in-malaysia/ |archive-date=5 April 2020 |url-status=live }}{{cite news |url=https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/515262 |title=Vietnam reports new case of coronavirus linked to tabligh event |agency=Reuters |date=18 March 2020 |via=Malaysia Kini |access-date=3 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318055308/https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/515262 |archive-date=18 March 2020 |url-status=live }} By 20 May 2020, Director-General of Health Noor Hisham Abdullah confirmed that 48% of Malaysia's COVID-19 cases (3,347) had been linked to the Sri Petaling tabligh cluster.{{cite news |title=48% of nation's Covid-19 cases linked to Sri Petaling tabligh event |url=https://www.thesundaily.my/local/48-of-nation-s-covid-19-cases-linked-to-sri-petaling-tabligh-event-HM2428393#pk_campaign=MASwpn&pk_kwd=48%25+of+nation%E2%80%99s+Covid-19+cases+linked+to+Sri+Petaling+tabligh+event |access-date=19 May 2020 |work=The Sun |date=19 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200519120806/https://www.thesundaily.my/local/48-of-nation-s-covid-19-cases-linked-to-sri-petaling-tabligh-event-HM2428393 |archive-date=19 May 2020}}

{{Further|COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia}}

Despite the outbreak, Tablighi Jamaat organised a second international mass gathering on 18 March in Gowa Regency near Makassar in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Though the organisers initially rebuffed official directives to cancel the gathering, they subsequently complied and cancelled the gathering.{{cite news |last1=Ihsanuddin |title=Istana: Ijtima Ulama Dunia di Gowa Batal, Ribuan Peserta Dipulangkan |url=https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2020/03/19/06402571/istana-ijtima-ulama-dunia-di-gowa-batal-ribuan-peserta-dipulangkan |access-date=21 March 2020 |work=Kompas |date=19 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319075749/https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2020/03/19/06402571/istana-ijtima-ulama-dunia-di-gowa-batal-ribuan-peserta-dipulangkan |archive-date=19 March 2020 |url-status=live }}{{cite news |last1=Sukumaran |first1=Tashny |title=How the coronavirus spread at Malaysia's tabligh Islamic gathering |url=https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/explained/article/3075968/how-coronavirus-spread-malaysias-tabligh-islamic-gathering |access-date=21 March 2020 |work=South China Morning Post |date=19 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321014239/https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/explained/article/3075968/how-coronavirus-spread-malaysias-tabligh-islamic-gathering |archive-date=21 March 2020 |url-status=live }}

{{Further|COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan|2020 Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot in Pakistan}}

Yet another gathering was organised in Pakistan near Lahore at Raiwind, for 250,000 people.{{cite news |last1=Chaudry |first1=Suddaf |title=Coronavirus: Pakistan quarantines Tablighi Jamaat missionaries |url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/coronavirus-pakistan-tablighi-jamaat-missionaries-quarantined |access-date=19 April 2020 |work=Middle East Eye |date=4 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200406224503/https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/coronavirus-pakistan-tablighi-jamaat-missionaries-quarantined |archive-date=6 April 2020}} The event was "called off" in response to the officials' requests, but the participants had already gathered and communed together. When they returned, the virus travelled with them, including two cases in the Gaza strip.{{cite news |title='God Will Protect Us': Coronavirus Spreads Through an Already Struggling Pakistan |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/26/world/asia/pakistan-coronavirus-tablighi-jamaat.html |access-date=26 March 2020 |work=The New York Times |date=1 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401205554/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/26/world/asia/pakistan-coronavirus-tablighi-jamaat.html |archive-date=1 April 2020}} During testing, around 40 members of the Tablighi Jamaat were found to be COVID-infected. Another 50 people including four Nigerian women, suspected to be the carriers of the virus were quarantined 50 km from Lahore. In Hyderabad, Sindh, 38 members of the organisation were found to be positive for coronavirus. Raiwind, the place where the event was held has been locked down by Pakistani authorities and the police arrested Tablighi Jamaat members from their offices in Sindh and Punjab for violating the law.{{Cite web |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/international/pakistan-places-raiwind-under-complete-lockdown-after-tablighi-jamaat-members-tested-coronavirus-positive-820433.html |title=Pakistan places Raiwind under complete lockdown after Tablighi Jamaat members tested coronavirus positive |date=2020-04-02 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en |access-date=2020-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200406011117/https://www.deccanherald.com/international/pakistan-places-raiwind-under-complete-lockdown-after-tablighi-jamaat-members-tested-coronavirus-positive-820433.html |archive-date=6 April 2020 |url-status=live}}

Ninety-four more Tableeghi Jamaat members tested positive for the coronavirus on 31 March 2020 in Hyderabad, in the Sindh province.{{cite news |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/637719-94-more-members-of-tableeghi-jamaat-tested-corona-positive |title=94 more members of Tableeghi Jamaat tested corona positive |date=1 April 2020 |work=The News International |access-date=6 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200403074209/https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/637719-94-more-members-of-tableeghi-jamaat-tested-corona-positive |archive-date=3 April 2020 |url-status=live}}

{{Further|COVID-19 pandemic in India|2020 Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot in Delhi}}

The Tablighi Jamaat wanted to arrange the program somewhere in Vasai, Maharashtra. After the outbreak of COVID-19 in Maharashtra, the Government of Maharashtra and Mumbai Police called off the meeting. After the rejection from the Government of Maharashtra, the Nizamuddin faction the Tablighi Jamaat held the religious congregational program (Ijtema) in Nizamuddin West, Delhi.{{citation|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/genesis-of-india-s-biggest-hot-spot/story-uNnkA8Rb5ZJlUJ9meXhIPN.html|title=Covid-19 update: Genesis of India's biggest coronavirus hot spot|work=Hindustan Times|date=1 April 2020|first1=Anonna|last1=Dutt|access-date=19 April 2020|archive-date=3 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200403205156/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/genesis-of-india-s-biggest-hot-spot/story-uNnkA8Rb5ZJlUJ9meXhIPN.html|url-status=live}}{{cite news |title=2100 foreigners visited India for Tablighi activities this year: MHA |newspaper=The Economic Times |date=31 March 2020 |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/2100-foreigners-visited-india-for-tablighi-activities-this-year-mha/articleshow/74915572.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200419032442/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/2100-foreigners-visited-india-for-tablighi-activities-this-year-mha/articleshow/74915572.cms|archive-date=19 April 2020}}{{cite news |title=Coronavirus: State govts race to curb spread as hundreds from Tablighi meet show symptoms |newspaper=The Times of India |date=1 April 2020 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/nizamuddin-corona-cases-govts-race-to-curb-spread-as-hundreds-from-tablighi-meet-show-coronavirus-symptoms/articleshow/74921860.cms |access-date=3 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401231352/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/nizamuddin-corona-cases-govts-race-to-curb-spread-as-hundreds-from-tablighi-meet-show-coronavirus-symptoms/articleshow/74921860.cms |archive-date=1 April 2020 |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/coronavirus-outbreak-delhi-govt-to-ban-sports-activities-in-wake-of-covid-19-threat-says-deputy-cm-manish-sisodia/story-889ss25ZqbJoG1eUoWn7aJ.html |title=IPL, all big events banned in Delhi amid coronavirus outbreak: Manish Sisodia |date=13 March 2020 |access-date=4 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200329032612/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/coronavirus-outbreak-delhi-govt-to-ban-sports-activities-in-wake-of-covid-19-threat-says-deputy-cm-manish-sisodia/story-889ss25ZqbJoG1eUoWn7aJ.html |archive-date=29 March 2020 |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/noida-factory-employee-who-traveled-recently-to-europe-tests-positive-for-coronavirus-all-staff-quar-2194336 |title=Delhi Man Has Coronavirus. All Staff At His Noida Office Quarantined |access-date=4 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200323113931/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/noida-factory-employee-who-traveled-recently-to-europe-tests-positive-for-coronavirus-all-staff-quar-2194336 |archive-date=23 March 2020 |url-status=live }} There were also other violation of rules by foreign speakers including misuse of tourist visa for missionary activities and not taking 14-day home quarantine for travellers from abroad.{{cite news |last1=Singh |first1=Vijaita |title=Home Ministry asked States to identify 824 foreign Tablighi members |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/home-ministry-to-blacklist-800-tablighi-preachers-from-indonesia-for-violation-of-visa-rules/article61950797.ece/ |access-date=19 April 2020 |work=The Hindu |date=31 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200410220423/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/home-ministry-to-blacklist-800-tablighi-preachers-from-indonesia-for-violation-of-visa-rules/article31214048.ece/amp/ |archive-date=10 April 2020}}

The Nizamuddin Markaz Mosque added that the officials there"met the Ld. DM and apprised him of the stranded visitors and once again sought permission for the vehicles arranged by us," to clear the Markaz premises and take the devotees back home.{{Cite magazine |title=Communal Corona? Is It Justified To Blame Tablighi Jamaat For Nizamuddin Outbreak? |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/india-news-corona-outbreak-afflicted-by-communal-virus-blaming-tablighi-jamaat-could-be-misdirected/349784 |access-date=2020-06-02 |magazine=Outlook India |archive-date=21 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200421172310/https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/india-news-corona-outbreak-afflicted-by-communal-virus-blaming-tablighi-jamaat-could-be-misdirected/349784 |url-status=live }}

"Under such compelling circumstances there was no option for Markaz Nizamuddin but to accommodate the stranded visitors with prescribed medical precautions till such time that situation becomes conducive for their movement or arrangements are made by the authorities," the Tablighi Jamaat HQ said.

On 21 March the Markaz directed everyone "not to venture out until 9 PM as desired by the Prime Minister of India, therefore the plans to move back to their native places by way of means other than railways also did not materialise."

At least 24 of the attendees had tested positive for the virus among the 300 who showed symptoms by 31 March 2020.{{Cite web |url=https://www.newsworld24.in/2020/03/what-is-tablighi-jamat-24-attendees-test-positive-for-covid-19.html |title=24 attendees test positive for COVID-19 |website=News World24 |access-date=4 April 2020 |archive-date=10 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200510025326/https://www.newsworld24.in/2020/03/what-is-tablighi-jamat-24-attendees-test-positive-for-covid-19.html |url-status=dead}} It is believed that the sources of infection were preachers from Indonesia.{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-52104753 |title=Coronavirus: Search for hundreds of people after Delhi prayer meeting |date=31 March 2020 |publisher=BBC |access-date=1 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401143153/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-52104753 |archive-date=1 April 2020 |url-status=live}} Many had returned to their states and also housed foreign devotees without the knowledge of local governments.{{cite news |last1=Saravanan |first1=S.P. |title=Five tourists from Thailand admitted to isolation ward at Erode hospital |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/covid-19-five-tourists-from-thailand-admitted-to-isolation-ward-at-erode-hospital/article31088949.ece/amp |access-date=19 April 2020 |work=The Hindu |date=17 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318204231/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/covid-19-five-tourists-from-thailand-admitted-to-isolation-ward-at-erode-hospital/article31088949.ece/amp/ |archive-date=18 March 2020}} and eventually started local transmissions especially in Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Karnataka, Jammu and Kashmir and Assam. The entire Nizamuddin West area has been cordoned off by the police as of 30 March, and medical camps have been set up.{{Cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/coronavirus-200-people-from-nizamuddin-develop-symptoms-area-cordoned-off/article31204617.ece |title=Coronavirus | 200 people in Nizamuddin develop symptoms; area cordoned off |newspaper=The Hindu |date=30 March 2020 |last1=Trivedi |first1=Saurabh |access-date=30 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330184223/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/coronavirus-200-people-from-nizamuddin-develop-symptoms-area-cordoned-off/article31204617.ece |archive-date=30 March 2020 |url-status=live}} After evacuation from the markaz, of the scores of jamaat attendees, 167 of them were quarantined in a railway facility in south east Delhi amid concerns over their safety and transmission of the virus. The Tablighi Jamaat gathering emerged as one of India's major coronavirus hotspots in India,{{cite news |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/tablighi-jamaat-case-story-behind-the-covid-hotspot-that-set-cops-on-a-frantic-nationwide-hunt/articleshow/74947692.cms |title=Tablighi Jamaat case: Story behind the Covid hotspot that set cops on a frantic nationwide hunt |newspaper=The Economic Times |date=2 April 2020 |archive-date=6 May 2020 |access-date=2 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200506183819/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/tablighi-jamaat-case-story-behind-the-covid-hotspot-that-set-cops-on-a-frantic-nationwide-hunt/articleshow/74947692.cms |url-status=live }} after 1445 out of 4067 cases were linked to attendees according to the Health Ministry.{{Cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/1-445-out-of-4-067-covid-19-cases-linked-to-tablighi-jamaat-health-ministry/story-eK8oimpTN6qCZcnUAYlrDN.html |title=1,445 out of 4,067 Covid-19 cases linked to Tablighi Jamaat: Health Ministry |date=2020-04-06 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |access-date=2020-04-06 |archive-date=15 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210315020730/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/1-445-out-of-4-067-covid-19-cases-linked-to-tablighi-jamaat-health-ministry/story-eK8oimpTN6qCZcnUAYlrDN.html |url-status=live }}{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/1445-cases-linked-to-tablighi-jamaat-event-total-cases-rise-to-4067-death-toll-109/articleshow/75010939.cms |title=1,445 cases linked to Tablighi Jamaat event; total cases rise to 4,281, death toll 111 |work=The Times of India |date=6 April 2020 |language=en |access-date=2020-04-06 |archive-date=27 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200427152737/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/1445-cases-linked-to-tablighi-jamaat-event-total-cases-rise-to-4067-death-toll-109/articleshow/75010939.cms |url-status=live }} On 18 April 2020, Central Government said that 4,291 cases (or 29.8% Of the total 14,378 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in India) were linked to the Tablighi Jamaat, and these cases were spread across 23 states and Union Territories.{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/corona-cases-in-india-30-of-cases-across-india-tied-to-jamaat-event/articleshow/75227980.cms |title=30% of cases across India tied to Jamaat event: Govt |website=The Times of India |date=19 April 2020 |archive-date=20 April 2020 |access-date=19 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200420014939/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/corona-cases-in-india-30-of-cases-across-india-tied-to-jamaat-event/articleshow/75227980.cms |url-status=live }}

Questions have been raised as to how the Delhi Police, which under direct control of the Union Home Ministry headed by the Home Minister & the then Bharatiya Janata Party president Amit Shah allowed this event to proceed in the midst of a pandemic,{{cite news |last1=Pandey |first1=Munish |title=Timeline of how Delhi Police, government made Markaz a ticking time bomb |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/tablighi-jamaat-markaz-timeline-delhi-police-mha-1662197-2020-04-01 |access-date=19 April 2020 |work=India Today |date=1 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200410213352/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/tablighi-jamaat-markaz-timeline-delhi-police-mha-1662197-2020-04-01 |archive-date=10 April 2020}} while a similar event was prohibited in Mumbai by the Maharashtra Police.{{cite news |last1=Singh |first1=Divyesh |title=When Maharashtra Police cancelled a parallel, bigger Tablighi Jamaat event to avoid Covid-19 spread |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/when-maharashtra-police-cancelled-a-parallel-bigger-tablighi-jamaat-event-to-avoid-covid-19-spread-1662540-2020-04-02 |access-date=19 April 2020 |work=India Today |date=2 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200404154826/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/when-maharashtra-police-cancelled-a-parallel-bigger-tablighi-jamaat-event-to-avoid-covid-19-spread-1662540-2020-04-02 |archive-date=4 April 2020}} Once the COVID lockdown came into effect in Delhi from 22 March onwards, the missionaries remaining in the Nizamuddin Markaz were trapped, and the functionaries began to seek assistance from the authorities for their evacuation.{{Cite news |title=Nizamuddin markaz had sought help from authorities for vacating premises |newspaper=The Hindu |date=31 March 2020 |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/nizamuddin-markaz-had-sought-help-from-authorities-for-vacating-premises/article31214305.ece |access-date=31 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200331211539/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/nizamuddin-markaz-had-sought-help-from-authorities-for-vacating-premises/article31214305.ece |archive-date=31 March 2020 |url-status=live}} As of 4 April, more than 1000 cases, representing 30% all confirmed cases in India, were linked to the Nizamuddin event. Some 22,000 people that came in contact with the Tablighi Jamaat missionaries had to be quarantined.{{Cite news |title=30 Per Cent Of Coronavirus Cases Linked To Delhi Mosque Event: Government |date=4 April 2020 |publisher=NDTV |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/coronavirus-tablighi-jamaat-30-per-cent-of-coronavirus-cases-linked-to-delhi-mosque-event-government-2206163 |archive-date=30 April 2020 |access-date=17 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430215717/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/coronavirus-tablighi-jamaat-30-per-cent-of-coronavirus-cases-linked-to-delhi-mosque-event-government-2206163 |url-status=live }} On 31 March 2020, an FIR was filed against Muhammad Saad Kandhlawi and others by Delhi Police Crime Branch.{{cite news |title=Nizamuddin congregation: Arvind Kejriwal orders FIR against maulana |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/nizamuddin-congregation-arvind-kejriwal-orders-fir-against-maulana-120033100007_1.html |newspaper=Business Standard India |access-date=30 March 2020 |date=30 March 2020 |agency=Press Trust of India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200331142158/https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/nizamuddin-congregation-arvind-kejriwal-orders-fir-against-maulana-120033100007_1.html |archive-date=31 March 2020 |url-status=live}}{{cite web |title=Nizamuddin congregation: Arvind Kejriwal orders FIR against maulana |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/nizamuddin-congregation-arvind-kejriwal-orders-fir-against-maulana-1661514-2020-03-30 |website=India Today |date=30 March 2020 |access-date=30 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330220434/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/nizamuddin-congregation-arvind-kejriwal-orders-fir-against-maulana-1661514-2020-03-30 |archive-date=30 March 2020 |url-status=live}}{{cite web |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/coronavirus-in-india-tablighi-jamaat-preacher-others-booked-for-violating-govt-guidelines-on-religious-gatherings-1661870-2020-03-31 |title=Coronavirus in India: Tablighi Jamaat preacher, others booked for violating govt guidelines on religious gatherings |date=31 March 2020 |access-date=1 April 2020 |archive-date=3 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200403064910/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/coronavirus-in-india-tablighi-jamaat-preacher-others-booked-for-violating-govt-guidelines-on-religious-gatherings-1661870-2020-03-31 |url-status=live }} On 8 April 2020, the Delhi Police traced Tablighi Jamaat leader Maulana Saad Kandhalvi in Zakirnagar in South-East Delhi, where he claimed to be under self-quarantine.{{cite web |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/tablighi-jamaat-leader-maulana-saad-kandhalvi-traced-delhi-police-sources-823043.html |title=Tablighi Jamaat leader Maulana Saad Kandhalvi traced: Delhi Police sources |date=8 April 2020 |publisher=The Printers (Mysore) Private Ltd. |access-date=10 April 2020 |archive-date=11 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411163650/https://www.deccanherald.com/national/tablighi-jamaat-leader-maulana-saad-kandhalvi-traced-delhi-police-sources-823043.html |url-status=live }}

People associated with the ruling Hindutva-aligned Bharatiya Janata Party called out Indian Hindus to socially boycott Indian Muslims.{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-india-muslims-insi-idUSKBN21Z0LN|title=In Modi's India, virus fallout inflames divisions between Muslims and Hindus|first1=Alexandra|last1=Ulmer|first2=Shilpa|last2=Jamkhandikar|date=17 April 2020|work=Reuters|access-date=18 April 2020|archive-date=5 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200505143110/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-india-muslims-insi-idUSKBN21Z0LN|url-status=live}} This drew criticism from Arab leaders and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation; the Prime Minister Narendra Modi responded: "the virus did not discriminate between people on the basis of faith, community, race or nationality".{{Cite news|url = https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/pm-modi-calls-for-unity-says-virus-knows-no-religion-caste/articleshow/75240790.cms|title = PM Modi calls for unity, says virus knows no religion, caste | India News - Times of India|website = The Times of India|date = 20 April 2020|archive-date = 17 March 2024|access-date = 29 March 2025|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240317205745/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/pm-modi-calls-for-unity-says-virus-knows-no-religion-caste/articleshow/75240790.cms|url-status = live}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/04/arabs-speaking-islamophobia-india-200423112102197.html|title=Why Arabs are speaking out against Islamophobia in India|access-date=29 March 2025|archive-date=2 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200502123240/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/04/arabs-speaking-islamophobia-india-200423112102197.html|url-status=live}}

On 12 October 2020, Mumbai court discharged the members with the order stating they didn't act negligently to spread COVID and didn't disobey to the orders of the Indian authorities.{{Cite web |last=Upadhyay |first=Sparsh |date=2020-10-12 |title=[Tablighi Jamaat] 'They Didn't Act Negligently To Spread COVID; Didn't Disobey Orders Of Authorities', Mumbai Court Discharges 12 Foreign Nationals [Read Order] |url=https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/tablighi-jamaat-they-didnt-act-negligently-to-spread-covid-didnt-disobey-orders-of-authorities-mumbai-court-discharges-12-foreign-nationals-164301 |access-date=2020-10-12 |website=livelaw.in |language=en |archive-date=1 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101054025/https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/tablighi-jamaat-they-didnt-act-negligently-to-spread-covid-didnt-disobey-orders-of-authorities-mumbai-court-discharges-12-foreign-nationals-164301 |url-status=live }}

The Tablighi Jamaat has no membership lists nor formal procedures for membership, which makes it difficult to quantify and verify affiliations.{{cite web |url=http://www.central-mosque.com/index.php/Civil/investigative-reports-findings-of-saudi-scholars-on-tableeghi-jamaat.html |title=Investigative Reports & findings of Saudi Scholars on Tableeghi Jamaat | Civil |publisher=Central-mosque.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130415003956/http://central-mosque.com/index.php/Civil/investigative-reports-findings-of-saudi-scholars-on-tableeghi-jamaat.html |archive-date=15 April 2013 |url-status=live |access-date=31 July 2014}} One of the most famous and popular contemporary leaders of the Tablighi Jamaat is the Pakistani preacher Maulana Tariq Jamil who has amassed a huge online social media following.{{cite journal | doi=10.3390/rel14010060 | doi-access=free | title=Religious Authority, Popular Preaching and the Dialectic of Structure-Agency in an Islamic Revivalist Movement: The Case of Maulana Tariq Jamil and the Tablighi Jama'at | date=2022 | last1=Timol | first1=Riyaz | journal=Religions | volume=14 | page=60 }}

The former chief minister of the Pakistani province of Punjab, Pervaiz Elahi is also a strong supporter of the Tablighi Jamaat. During his tenure in 2011, 75 kanals of land ({{convert|75/8|acre|disp=out}}, {{convert|75/8|acre|acre|disp=out}}) were purchased for a Tablighi Jamaat mosque at the Raiwind Markaz.{{cite news |date=28 November 2011 |title=Pervaiz invited to attend BD congregation |url=http://nation.com.pk/lahore/28-Nov-2011/Pervaiz-invited-to-attend-BD-congregation |newspaper=The Nation |access-date=31 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151220065939/http://nation.com.pk/lahore/28-Nov-2011/Pervaiz-invited-to-attend-BD-congregation |archive-date=20 December 2015 |url-status=live }}

In India, Munawar Faruqui, an Indian stand-up comedian, and Sana Khan, an ex-Bollywood star, and Arif Khan, an ex-Bollywood actor, are associated with Jamaat.{{Citation needed|date=March 2024}}

The Former Pakistan Presidents- Farooq Leghari and Muhammad Rafiq Tarar were believed to be associated with the movement, the Indian president Dr Zakir Hussain was also affiliated with tabligh jammat{{Cite news|date=2020-04-02|title=The group blamed for new Covid-19 outbreak in India|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-52131338|access-date=2020-05-31}}

Singers, actors and models, including Attaullah Essa Khailwi,{{cite news |url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=4830 |title=Top Stories |date=18 December 2006 |work=The News |access-date=9 January 2010}} Gulzar Alam,{{cite news |date=20 January 2009 |title=Entertainment industry of Frontier hangs in the balance |url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=158072 |newspaper=The News |access-date=29 April 2009}}{{dead link|date=December 2015}}{{cbignore}} Bacha, Alamzeb Mujahid,{{cite news |title=Pakistan's Pashtu artists flee Taliban repression |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/world/pakistan-s-pashtu-artists-flee-taliban-repression/story-OcQ83BG45LTn1PGDuUrpSN.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=28 January 2009 |access-date=28 February 2025}} and Junaid Jamshed are also affiliated with the movement.

Former Lieutenant General and head of Inter-Services Intelligence Javed Nasir and General Mahmud Ahmed of the Pakistan Army both became members of Tablighi Jamaat during their service.{{cite news |url=http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Southeast_Asia/EF03Ae02.html |title=Cambodia meets Islam head on |last=Raman |first=B |date=3 June 2003 |work=Asia Times |access-date=15 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100402023945/http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Southeast_Asia/EF03Ae02.html |archive-date=2 April 2010 |url-status=unfit }} The Tablighi Jamaat also has a notable following among Pakistani professional cricketers: Shahid Afridi, Mohammad (formerly "Youhana") Yousuf and the former cricketers Saqlain Mushtaq, Inzamam-ul-Haq, Mushtaq Ahmed, Saeed Anwar and Saeed Ahmed are active members.{{cite news |date=28 July 2007 |title=Annual Karachi Tablighi Ijtima |url=http://archives.dailytimes.com.pk/karachi/28-Jul-2007/annual-karachi-tablighi-ijtima |newspaper=Daily Times |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108132051/http://archives.dailytimes.com.pk/karachi/28-Jul-2007/annual-karachi-tablighi-ijtima |archive-date=8 January 2016 |access-date=15 April 2010}} Mohammad Yousuf's conversion from Christianity to Islam is widely attributed to the influence of the Tabligh Jamaat.{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4260516.stm |title=Pakistan's Youhana embraces Islam |date=19 September 2005 |work=BBC News |access-date=22 February 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101016134410/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4260516.stm |archive-date=16 October 2010 |url-status=live }}

In Malaysia, prominent actors and singers such as Azmil Mustapha, Nabil Ahmad, Aliff Aziz, Anuar Zain, Amar Asyraf, Dato' Nash and Dr Sam have all been involved with Tablighi Jamaat. One of Malaysia's most prominent actress Neelofa, has also participated in Tablighi Jamaat's Tours with her husband (PU Riz), as a result of which she now dons the Islamic face veil ever since.

• List of Deobandi organisations
• Darul Uloom Deoband
• Islamisation
• Nizamuddin Markaz
• Raiwind Markaz
• Spread of Islam
• Saad Kandhlawi

{{reflist|group=Note}}

{{reflist}}

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• Jenny Taylor, [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/belief/2009/sep/08/religion-islam-tablighi-jamaat What is the Tablighi Jamaat?], The Guardian, 8 September 2009.
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• {{Cite thesis |last=Zargar |first=Nazir Ahmad |url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/10603/44726 |title=Da Wah Methodology In Contemporary Perspective Dissertation Submitted For The Master of Philosophu In Islamic Studies |publisher= Jamia Hamdard University |year=1999 |location=India |pages=125–138 }}

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