Tagaytay#World War II

During the Philippine Revolution of 1896, the ridges and forests of Tagaytay became a sanctuary for revolutionaries including those from nearby provinces. The passage to and from towns via Tagaytay added the word "mananagaytay" to the native's vocabulary. It means "to traverse ridges."{{cite web|title=Tagaytay City Ecological Profile 2013|url=http://www.tagaytay.gov.ph/images/ecological%20profile.pdf|website=Tagaytay City Official Web site|publisher=Tagaytay City Government|pages=1–2|access-date=November 15, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117025448/http://www.tagaytay.gov.ph/images/ecological%20profile.pdf|archive-date=November 17, 2015|url-status=dead}}

{{see also|Cities of the Philippines}}

Tagaytay became a chartered city with the passing and signing of Commonwealth Act No. 338 by President Manuel L. Quezon on June 21, 1938,{{cite PH act|chamber=CA|number=338|title=An Act to incorporate the City of Tagaytay, and for other purposes |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1938/06/21/commonwealth-act-no-338/ |website=Official Gazette of the Philippines|access-date=June 25, 2021 |date=June 21, 1938}} as authored by Representative Justiniano Montano of Cavite.[http://www.tagaytay.gov.ph/Gen%20Info%20-%20history.html "History"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120805022402/http://www.tagaytay.gov.ph/Gen%20Info%20-%20history.html |date=August 5, 2012 }}. Official Website of Tagaytay City. Retrieved on February 4, 2012. To form the newly founded city, areas of the towns of Silang, Mendez, Indang, and Amadeo were removed from their town governments, making it the first planned community in the province and the first city to be built from scratch, given the ongoing highway works in the area then.

On April 1, 1941, portions of Talisay, Batangas and Alfonso, Cavite were ceded to Tagaytay through Executive Order No. 336 signed by President Quezon to expand its territory.{{cite PH act|chamber=EO|number=336, s. 1941|title=Defining the Territorial Limits of the City of Tagaytay|url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1941/04/01/executive-order-no-336-s-1941/|date=April 1, 1941|accessdate=July 7, 2023|website=Official Gazette of the Philippines}} However, on June 7, 1956, the lakeside barangays of Birinayan (Berinayan) and Caloocan on the shores of Taal Lake were returned to Talisay.{{cite PH act|chamber=RA|number=1418|title=An Act to Transfer to the Municipality of Talisay, Province of Batangas, Its Former Barrios of Caloocan and Binirayan Which Were Annexed to the City of Tagaytay|url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/22121|date=June 7, 1956|accessdate=July 7, 2023|website=Supreme Court E-Library}} Berinayan later became part of Laurel when the municipality was established in 1969.{{cite PH act|chamber=RA|number=5689|title=An Act Creating the Municipality of Laurel in the Province of Batangas|url=https://thecorpusjuris.com/legislative/republic-acts/ra-no-5689.php|date=June 21, 1969|accessdate=July 3, 2023|publisher=The Corpus Juris}}

File:TagaytayRidge HistoricalMarker TagaytayCity.jpg

On February 3, 1945, the 11th Airborne Division of Lt. Gen. Robert L. Eichelberger's 8th Army performed a combat jump of the 511th Parachute Infantry Regiment and associated elements on Tagaytay ridge, with a drop zone around the Manila Hotel Annex, which had been cleared of Japanese forces by the Fil-American Cavite Guerilla Forces of General Mariano Castaneda, After the fall of Bataan and Corregidor, the Fil-American Cavite Guerilla Force resisted the Japanese occupation forces and were instrumental in clearing the landing zone of the 11th Airborne Division . To commemorate this event, a marker was installed in 1951 at the junction of Silang, Canlubang-Nasugbu roads by the city officials in coordination with the National Historical Institute of the Philippines.

Tagaytay is relatively close to the capital city of Manila, only {{convert|59|km|sp=us}} away via Aguinaldo Highway, providing an easy escape for the locals from the heat of the huge metropolis. It is {{convert|39|km|sp=us}} from Imus.

Tagaytay has a total land area of {{convert|66.1|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on}} which represents about {{percent|66.1|1,427.06|2}} of the total area of the province of Cavite. It lies within 120°56' longitude and 14°6' latitude and overlooks Manila Bay to the north, Taal Volcano and Taal Lake to the south, and Laguna de Bay to the east.

File:Taal Vista.jpg

The southern and eastern portions of Tagaytay are covered by hills and mountains which is generally forests, pine trees, and open grasslands. The city lies along Tagaytay Ridge, a ridge stretching about {{convert|32|km|sp=us}} from Mount Batulao in the west to Mount Sungay in the east with elevations averaging about {{convert|2000|ft|order=flip|sp=us}} above sea level.[http://www.cavite.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=228&Itemid=159 "Tagaytay City – Geography"]. Cavite Province Official Website. Retrieved on February 4, 2012. Mount Sungay in Tagaytay is the highest point of the province of Cavite at {{convert|709|m|sp=us}}.[http://www.mountainsmounts.com/mountain/69184/mount-sungay/ "Mount Sungay"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402154158/http://www.mountainsmounts.com/mountain/69184/mount-sungay/ |date=April 2, 2015 }}. Mountains Mounts. Retrieved on February 4, 2012.

The ridge, which overlooks Taal Lake in Batangas province, is the edge of Taal Caldera. The {{convert|25|x|30|km|sp=us|adj=on}} wide cavity is partially filled by Taal Lake.[http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/images/IEC/taal%20flyer.pdf "Taal Volcano Flyer"]. Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology. Retrieved on February 7, 2012. Tagaytay's built-up areas including the urban center are situated in the relatively level top of the caldera rim, but beyond the edge are deep ravines that drop steeply to Taal Lake. The portions adjoining the municipalities of Mendez, Indang, Amadeo, Silang, and Alfonso are level to nearly level areas interspersed with very gently sloping surfaces. Across the southern edge of the lake on the opposite side of the city is Mount Macolod, the highest point of the Taal Caldera rim.

;Temperature and precipitation

Tagaytay has a mild tropical monsoon climate (Köppen climate classification: Am) characterized by cooler weather compared to Manila, lower humidity and abundant rainfall. The city has an average temperature of {{convert|22|C|F}} and rarely exceeds {{convert|31|C|F}}.

With its high elevation, the city gets foggy, windy, and cooler temperatures during the months of December, January, and February. Like most areas in the province of Cavite, the city has two pronounced seasons: dry from November to April and wet during the rest of the year. This climate makes the city ideal for sports, picnics, conferences, honeymoons, country homes, and spiritual retreats.

;Humidity and wind

Tagaytay has an average relative humidity of about 78%. Northeasterly winds prevail in the city from October to April. Winds come from southwest from May to September. The cool Tagaytay breeze has made the city popular for casual and competitive kite flying.

{{Weather box

|location = Tagaytay

|metric first = Yes

|single line = Yes

|width = auto

| Jan avg record high C = 27.0

| Feb avg record high C = 28.0

| Mar avg record high C = 30.0

| Apr avg record high C = 31.0

| May avg record high C = 30.0

| Jun avg record high C = 29.0

| Jul avg record high C = 28.0

| Aug avg record high C = 27.0

| Sep avg record high C = 27.0

| Oct avg record high C = 27.0

| Nov avg record high C = 27.0

| Dec avg record high C = 27.0

| year avg record high C = 28.2

| Jan high C = 24.0

| Feb high C = 26.0

| Mar high C = 27.0

| Apr high C = 29.0

| May high C = 28.0

| Jun high C = 26.0

| Jul high C = 25.0

| Aug high C = 24.0

| Sep high C = 25.0

| Oct high C = 25.0

| Nov high C = 25.0

| Dec high C = 24.0

| year high C = 25.7

| Jan mean C = 20.0

| Feb mean C = 21.0

| Mar mean C = 21.5

| Apr mean C = 23.5

| May mean C = 24.0

| Jun mean C = 23.0

| Jul mean C = 22.5

| Aug mean C = 22.0

| Sep mean C = 22.5

| Oct mean C = 22.0

| Nov mean C = 21.5

| Dec mean C = 20.5

| year mean C = 22.0

| Jan low C = 16.0

| Feb low C = 16.0

| Mar low C = 16.0

| Apr low C = 18.0

| May low C = 20.0

| Jun low C = 20.0

| Jul low C = 20.0

| Aug low C = 20.0

| Sep low C = 20.0

| Oct low C = 19.0

| Nov low C = 18.0

| Dec low C = 17.0

| Jan avg record low C = 13.0

| Feb avg record low C = 13.0

| Mar avg record low C = 14.0

| Apr avg record low C = 16.0

| May avg record low C = 18.0

| Jun avg record low C = 18.0

| Jul avg record low C = 18.0

| Aug avg record low C = 19.0

| Sep avg record low C = 18.0

| Oct avg record low C = 16.0

| Nov avg record low C = 15.0

| Dec avg record low C = 14.0

| year avg record low C = 16.0

| Jan precipitation mm = 11

| Feb precipitation mm = 13

| Mar precipitation mm = 14

| Apr precipitation mm = 32

| May precipitation mm = 101

| Jun precipitation mm = 142

| Jul precipitation mm = 208

| Aug precipitation mm = 187

| Sep precipitation mm = 175

| Oct precipitation mm = 131

| Nov precipitation mm = 68

| Dec precipitation mm = 39

|source 1 = meteoblue.com (modeled/calculated data, not measured locally)

{{cite web

|url=https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/historyclimate/climatemodelled/tagaytay_philippines_1684553

|title= Climate: Modelled Tagaytay – Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table

|publisher= meteoblue.com

|access-date=November 10, 2019}}

|date=November 2019}}

Tagaytay is administratively subdivided into 34 barangays, as indicated below.{{Cite web|title=Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC) {{!}} Philippine Statistics Authority|url=https://www.psa.gov.ph/classification/psgc/?q=psgc/barangays/042119000&page=1|access-date=November 6, 2021|website=www.psa.gov.ph}} Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

{{div col|colwidth=20em}}

• Asisan
• Bagong Tubig
• Calabuso
• Dapdap East
• Dapdap West
• Francisco
• Guinhawa North
• Guinhawa South
• Iruhin East
• Iruhin South
• Iruhin West
• Kaybagal Central
• Kaybagal North
• Kaybagal South (Poblacion)
• Mag-Asawang Ilat
• Maharlika East
• Maharlika West
• Maitim 2nd Central
• Maitim 2nd East
• Maitim 2nd West
• Mendez Crossing East
• Mendez Crossing West
• Neogan
• Patutong Malaki North
• Patutong Malaki South
• Sambong
• San Jose
• Silang Junction North
• Silang Junction South
• Sungay East
• Sungay West
• Tolentino East
• Tolentino West
• Zambal

{{div col end}}

{{Philippine Census

| align= none

| cols = 2

| title= Population census of {{PH wikidata|name}}

| 1903 =

| 1918 =

| 1939 = {{PH census population|1939}}

| 1948 = {{PH census population|1948}}

| 1960 = {{PH census population|1960}}

| 1970 = {{PH census population|1970}}

| 1975 = {{PH census population|1975}}

| 1980 = {{PH census population|1980}}

| 1990 = {{PH census population|1990}}

| 1995 = {{PH census population|1995}}

| 2000 = {{PH census population|2000}}

| 2007 = {{PH census population|2007}}

| 2010 = {{PH census population|2010}}

| 2015 = {{PH census population|2015}}

| 2020 = {{PH census population|2020}}

| 2025 =

| 2030 =

| footnote= Source: Philippine Statistics Authority{{PH census|2015}}{{PH census|2010}}{{PH census|2007}}{{LWUA population data}}

}}

In the 2020 census, the population of Tagaytay was 85,330 people,{{PH census|current}} with a density of {{convert|{{sigfig|85,330/65.00|2}}|PD/km2|disp=or}}.

In the 2010 census, Tagaytay had a population of 62,030 people.{{PH census|2010}} Christianity is the majority religion of Tagaytayeños with Roman Catholicism as the most dominant sect, compromising 95.36 percent of the total population. The next prominent Christian denominations among residents of Tagaytay are Protestants which comprise 3.37% of the population including Iglesia ni Cristo (2.5%). The Eastern Orthodox Church was a part of the Philippine Orthodox Church in the Philippines under the jurisdiction of the Patriarchate of Moscow and its own Orthodox Diocese province in Southeast Asia, the Diocese of the Philippines and Vietnam, and the Orthodox community account for 1% of Tagaytay's population, many of whom live throughout the town.{{Cite web|url=https://philippine-mission.org/2019/08/hierarchal-liturgy-at-tagaytay/|title=Hierarchal Liturgy at Tagaytay|last=Father|first=Silouan|date=August 10, 2019|website=Philippine Mission of the Russian Orthodox Church}}{{Cite web|url=https://orthochristian.com/119595.html|title=RUSSIAN CHURCH ESTABLISHES FOUR DIOCESES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA|date=February 27, 2019|website=Orthodox Christianity}} The rest of the population (0.20%) subscribes to other religions.

Tagalog is the dominant language in the city, with 93.58% of the population speaking the language. The next prominent Philippine languages are Bicolano (1.52%), Ilocano (1.52%), and Cebuano (1.00%).{{cite web|title=Tagaytay City Ecological Profile 2013|url=http://www.tagaytay.gov.ph/images/ecological%20profile.pdf|website=Tagaytay City Official Website|publisher=Tagaytay City Government|pages=27–28|access-date=November 15, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117025448/http://www.tagaytay.gov.ph/images/ecological%20profile.pdf|archive-date=November 17, 2015|url-status=dead}}

{{stack|float=left|{{PH poverty incidence}}}}

File:TagaytaySceneryjf9745 21.JPG field in Tagaytay with a papaya tree and banana plants in the foreground.]]

Despite rapid urbanization of Tagaytay, agriculture remains an important part of the city's economy and development. As of 2009, it is recorded that there are about {{convert|1,292|ha|acre}} of agriculture land which is about 20 percent of the city's total land area. The city was once cogon grassland as a result of Taal eruptions. The soil contains rich volcanic components suitable to farming. The main agricultural goods produced are pineapple, coffee, banana, root crops, cacao, camote, cassava, other fruits and vegetables, and cut flowers which are supplied to both local and international markets. Garden plant shops thrive along Tagaytay–Calamba Road. The city was once a daisy and gladiola farming haven prior to tourism development and a residential boom.{{cite web|title=Updated City Development Strategy Report for Tagaytay City 9 Mar 2009|url=http://www.citiesalliance.org/sites/citiesalliance.org/files/CAFiles/Projects/City_of_Tagaytay.pdf|website=Cities Alliance|access-date=November 15, 2015|date=March 9, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151010153512/http://www.citiesalliance.org/sites/citiesalliance.org/files/CAFiles/Projects/City_of_Tagaytay.pdf|archive-date=October 10, 2015|url-status=dead}}

File:Tagaytay City Junction.jpeg or Tagaytay City - Silang Junction]]

Tagaytay is considered to be the second summer capital of the Philippines with the first being Baguio due to its cool climate and, thus, is a favored destination for those seeking more temperate areas of the Philippines. Tagaytay is also a destination for tourists seeking views of Taal Volcano and the surrounding lake. In 2015, the Department of Tourism cited Tagaytay as the top tourist destination in the Calabarzon region.{{citation needed|date=January 2019}} Among the most visited sites in Tagaytay are Sky Ranch, Ayala Malls Serin, Robinsons Summit Ridge (Robinsons Tagaytay), Picnic Grove Complex, People's Park in the Sky, Halfway Zoo, and numerous restaurants known for serving the famous bulalo and crispy tawilis. Fresh beef and vegetables are sold at Mahogany Market. Tagaytay City Market contains many fruit and vegetable stands as well as fresh tilapia from Taal Lake. Tagaytay's proximity to Metro Manila accounts for the high level of tourism in the city. Tagaytay receives a seasonal influx of tourists during Christmas season and Holy Week, and the city is a pilgrimage destination with many churches, shrines, and retreat houses. The Taal Vista Hotel is a symbol of Tagaytay's past.{{cite news|last1=Giron|first1=Anthony|title=Tagaytay not far behind with 500,000 tourist arrivals|url=http://www.mb.com.ph/tagaytay-not-far-behind-with-500000-tourist-arrivals/|access-date=November 15, 2015|work=Manila Bulletin|date=January 3, 2015}}{{cite news|last1=Limpin|first1=Rogelio|title=Tagaytay tourist visits to reach 2M|url=http://www.manilatimes.net/tagaytay-tourist-visits-reach-2m/148822/|access-date=November 15, 2015|work=The Manila Times|date=December 14, 2014}}{{clear left}}

File:TagaytaySceneryjf9745 24.JPG]]

Tagaytay is linked by national highways to the Metro Manila area and to the provinces of Batangas and Laguna. Secondary roads link the city with the adjoining municipalities of Amadeo, Mendez, Indang, Silang, and Alfonso in Cavite towards the northwest, to the cities of Calamba, Cabuyao, and Santa Rosa in Laguna to the northeast, and the town of Talisay in Batangas to the south.

The South Luzon Expressway serves the city via Tagaytay–Santa Rosa Road that passes Santa Rosa and Silang from Santa Rosa and Eton City Exits, and Tagaytay-Calamba Road that traverses Calamba Premiere International Park from Batino Exit, albeit discontinuously for the public previously due to the Tagaytay Highlands right of way. Governor's Drive and Pala-Pala Road in Dasmariñas from Carmona Exit, and Cavite–Laguna Expressway (CALAX) through its Silang–Aguinaldo Exit in Silang are the other alternative routes to the city, as those roads intersect with the Aguinaldo Highway, which ends in Tagaytay. The Manila-Cavite Expressway (CAVITEx, formerly Coastal Road) also serves Tagaytay via Aguinaldo Highway. {{citation needed|date=January 2019}}

From Batangas, the main route to Tagaytay is either Tagaytay–Nasugbu Highway, a major thoroughfare from Tagaytay Rotonda to Nasugbu, Ligaya Drive, a winding road that starts near the poblacion of Talisay and ends near Tagaytay Picnic Grove, or Tagaytay–Talisay Road, a {{convert|12|km|adj=on|sp=us}} road from Lemery–Agoncillo–Laurel–Talisay Road to Tagaytay Rotunda. From Laguna, the main route is Tagaytay–Santa Rosa Road from Santa Rosa, Laguna; another route is Tagaytay–Calamba Road (via Tagaytay Highlands and a future link to Calamba) from Calamba, Laguna. Mahogany Avenue also serves as the alternative route of the Tagaytay–Nasugbu Highway within Tagaytay city proper.

To decongest traffic on the aforementioned major roads in Tagaytay, the partially opened Tagaytay Bypass Road and the proposed Cavite–Tagaytay–Batangas Expressway (CTBEX) were laid out to traverse parallel to the Tagaytay–Nasugbu Highway.{{cite news|url=https://www.dpwh.gov.ph/DPWH/news/20628|title=Villar: 1.54-km portion of Tagaytay Bypass Road to open October 2020

|date=October 14, 2020|accessdate=March 8, 2024|website=Department of Public Works and Highways}} CTBEX will connect with the CALAX in Silang to Nasugbu, Batangas.

• Francis Tolentino – Senator (2019–present), mayor of Tagaytay (1995–2004)

File:TagaytayCityHalljf9831 34.JPG

;Local

• Legazpi
• Baguio
• Bacolod
• Murcia, Negros Occidental
• Iriga
• Iloilo City
• Cebu City
• Palayan
• San Nicolas, Batangas[https://archive.today/20121221071346/http://www.pia.gov.ph/news/index.php?article=671342748947 PIA – Sisterhood agreement between Tagaytay and San Nicolas signed]

;International

• {{flagicon|AUS}} Manningham, Victoria, Australia
• {{flagicon|USA}} Las Vegas, Nevada{{cite web |title=Tagaytay, Philippines & Rohnert Park, California |url=http://www.sister-cities.org/interactive-map/relationship/Tagaytay,%20Philippines/Rohnert%20Park,%20California |publisher=Sister Cities International |location=Washington, DC |access-date=February 4, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204151306/http://www.sister-cities.org/interactive-map/relationship/Tagaytay,%20Philippines/Rohnert%20Park,%20California |archive-date=February 4, 2015 |url-status=dead }}
• {{flagicon|USA}} Rohnert Park, California
• {{flagicon|Taiwan}} Tainan, Taiwan

• Tagaytay Hospital and Medical Center

{{reflist}}

{{Commons category}}

{{Wikivoyage|Tagaytay}}

{{Wikiquote}}

{{Wikisource author}}

• {{official website|http://www.tagaytay.gov.ph/}}
• [https://www.tagaytay.ph Tagaytay Website]
• [{{NSCB detail}} Philippine Standard Geographic Code]

{{Geographic location

|Northwest= Mendez

|North= Indang / Amadeo / Silang

|Northeast = Cabuyao, Laguna

|West= Alfonso

|Center=Tagaytay

|East= Calamba, Laguna

|South= Laurel, Batangas / Talisay, Batangas

|Southeast= Tanauan, Batangas

}}

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