Tamba, Hyōgo

Tamba is located in an inland basin at an average elevation of 100 meters above sea level in the eastern part of the prefecture. It is located in the mountains between the Seto Inland Sea and the Sea of Japan. The uppermost stream of the Kako River system and the uppermost stream of the Yura River system, flow through the city, which has the lowest central watershed in Japan except for Hokkaido. The 35 degree east longitude meridian passes through the city.

Hyōgo Prefecture

• Asago
• Nishiwaki
• Taka
• Tamba-Sasayama

Kyoto Prefecture

• Fukuchiyama

Tamba has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa) with hot summers and cool to cold winters. Precipitation is significantly higher in summer than in winter, though on the whole lower than most parts of Honshū, and there is no significant snowfall. The average annual temperature in Tanba is {{convert|14.6|C}}. The average annual rainfall is {{cvt|1616.7|mm}} with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around {{convert|26.9|C}}, and lowest in January, at around {{convert|3.2|C}}. The highest temperature ever recorded in Tanba was {{cvt|39.2|C}} on 8 August 1994; the coldest temperature ever recorded was {{cvt|-6.4|C}} on 1 March 1986.

{{Weather box

|width=auto

|collapsed = Y

|single line = Y

|metric first = Y

|location = Kaibara, Tanba (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1978−present)

|Jan record high C = 17.2

|Feb record high C = 20.8

|Mar record high C = 24.2

|Apr record high C = 30.2

|May record high C = 32.8

|Jun record high C = 35.3

|Jul record high C = 37.9

|Aug record high C = 39.2

|Sep record high C = 37.3

|Oct record high C = 32.0

|Nov record high C = 25.4

|Dec record high C = 21.8

|Jan record low C = -7.9

|Feb record low C = -8.9

|Mar record low C = -9.9

|Apr record low C = -2.3

|May record low C = 0.3

|Jun record low C = 7.6

|Jul record low C = 13.1

|Aug record low C = 14.8

|Sep record low C = 7.4

|Oct record low C = 1.1

|Nov record low C = -2.2

|Dec record low C = -8.7

|Jan high C = 7.9

|Feb high C = 8.9

|Mar high C = 12.9

|Apr high C = 19.0

|May high C = 24.1

|Jun high C = 27.1

|Jul high C = 30.8

|Aug high C = 32.6

|Sep high C = 27.9

|Oct high C = 22.1

|Nov high C = 16.3

|Dec high C = 10.5

|Jan mean C = 3.2

|Feb mean C = 3.8

|Mar mean C = 7.2

|Apr mean C = 12.8

|May mean C = 18.0

|Jun mean C = 21.8

|Jul mean C = 25.8

|Aug mean C = 26.9

|Sep mean C = 22.7

|Oct mean C = 16.5

|Nov mean C = 10.6

|Dec mean C = 5.4

|Jan low C = -0.7

|Feb low C = -0.5

|Mar low C = 2.0

|Apr low C = 6.8

|May low C = 12.5

|Jun low C = 17.6

|Jul low C = 22.2

|Aug low C = 22.8

|Sep low C = 18.7

|Oct low C = 12.0

|Nov low C = 6.0

|Dec low C = 1.3

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 63.6

|Feb precipitation mm = 74.0

|Mar precipitation mm = 116.2

|Apr precipitation mm = 127.6

|May precipitation mm = 152.8

|Jun precipitation mm = 185.6

|Jul precipitation mm = 220.2

|Aug precipitation mm = 169.2

|Sep precipitation mm = 217.6

|Oct precipitation mm = 141.4

|Nov precipitation mm = 80.4

|Dec precipitation mm = 68.2

|year precipitation mm = 1616.7

|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm

|Jan precipitation days = 9.9

|Feb precipitation days = 10.5

|Mar precipitation days = 11.2

|Apr precipitation days = 10.4

|May precipitation days = 10.0

|Jun precipitation days = 12.2

|Jul precipitation days = 12.8

|Aug precipitation days = 9.7

|Sep precipitation days = 11.0

|Oct precipitation days = 9.1

|Nov precipitation days = 7.6

|Dec precipitation days = 9.7

|Jan sun = 105.0

|Feb sun = 104.2

|Mar sun = 143.0

|Apr sun = 173.0

|May sun = 178.3

|Jun sun = 125.4

|Jul sun = 133.1

|Aug sun = 175.4

|Sep sun = 129.1

|Oct sun = 139.9

|Nov sun = 126.6

|Dec sun = 111.3

|year sun = 1644.1

|source 1 = Japan Meteorological Agency{{cite web

| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/rank_a.php?prec_no=63&block_no=0614&year=&month=&day=&view=h0

|script-title=ja:観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）

| publisher = JMA

| access-date = April 10, 2022}}{{cite web

| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_amd_ym.php?prec_no=63&block_no=0614&year=&month=&day=&view=h0

|script-title=ja:気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）

| publisher = JMA

| access-date = April 10, 2022}}}}

Per Japanese census data, the population of Tamba in 2020 is 61,741 people. Tamba has been conducting censuses since 1920.

{{Historical populations

| 1920 | 71361

| 1925 | 71500

| 1930 | 72286

| 1935 | 70494

| 1940 | 70276

| 1945 | 87982

| 1950 | 87599

| 1955 | 85963

| 1960 | 81648

| 1965 | 75877

| 1970 | 72441

| 1975 | 72401

| 1980 | 72982

| 1985 | 74103

| 1990 | 73659

| 1995 | 73988

| 2000 | 72862

| 2005 | 70810

| 2010 | 67780

| 2015 | 64660

| 2020 | 61741

|align = none

| footnote = Tanba population statistics[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/japan/hyogo/ Tanba population statistics]

}}

The area of Tamba was part of ancient Tanba Province, and corresponds almost exactly with ancient Hikami District. Numerous burial mounds from the Kofun period are located in the area. During the Sengoku period, the area was dominated by Akai Naomasa, nicknamed the "Red Demon of Tanba" from his stronghold at Kuroi Castle. The area was conquered by Akechi Mitsuhide under Oda Nobunaga, but Kuroi Castle did not fall until three years after Akai's death. Under the Tokugawa shogunate, Kaibara Domain was established for a cadet branch of the Oda clan. Following the Meiji restoration, the area became part of "Toyooka Prefecture" in 1871 before merging with Hyōgo Prefecture in 1876, and being organized into various villages and towns with the establishment of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889. The modern city of Tamba was established on November 1, 2004, from the merger of all six towns of the former Hikami District: Aogaki, Ichijima, Kaibara, Kasuga, Sannan, and Hikami.{{Citation needed|date=January 2014}} Tamba is a very small city with Hikami as the biggest of the six original towns.

Tamba has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 20 members. Tamba contributes one member to the Hyogo Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Hyōgo 5th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Tamba has mostly a rural economy based on agriculture and forestry. The area is especially noted for its production of black soybeans.

Tamba has 22 public elementary schools and seven public middle schools operated by the city government and three public high schools operated by the Hyōgo Prefectural Department of Education. The prefecture also operates one special education school for the handicapped.

File:230502 Kaibara Station Tamba Hyogo pref Japan03s3.jpg

22 px JR West – Fukuchiyama Line

• {{STN|Shimotaki|x}} - {{STN|Tanikawa|x}} - {{STN|Kaibara|x}} - {{STN|Iso|x}} - {{STN|Kuroi|x|Hyōgo}} - {{STN|Ichijima|x}} - {{STN|Tamba-Takeda|x}}

22 px JR West – Kakogawa Line

• {{STN|Kugemura|x}} - {{STN|Tanikawa|x}}

• File:JP Expressway E27.svg Maizuru-Wakasa Expressway
• {{jct|country=JPN|Route|175}}
• {{jct|country=JPN|Route|176}}
• {{jct|country=JPN|Route|427}}
• {{jct|country=JPN|Route|429}}
• {{jct|country=JPN|Route|483}}

• {{flagicon|USA}} Auburn, Washington, United States, friendship city since August 11, 1968
• {{flagicon|USA}} Kent, Washington, United States, friendship city since November 24, 1969

• Kaibara Domain Jin'ya site, National Historic Site
• Kaibara Hachiman Jinja
• Kuroi Castle ruins, National Historic Site and one of the Continued Top 100 Japanese Castles.{{cite web|url= http://jokaku.jp/japan-top-100-castles/best-100-castles-of-japan-2nd-selection/ |title=続日本100名城 |publisher=日本城郭協会|language=ja|access-date=25 July 2019}}
• Ennokyo Headquarters{{cite web | title=概要｜円応教とは | website=円応教 | url=http://www.ennokyo.jp/about/outline/ | language=ja | access-date=2025-02-13}}

• Kiichi Arita, politician and cabinet minister
• Lady Kasuga, wet nurse of Shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu
• Den Kenjirō, 8th Japanese Governor-General of Taiwan
• Takijirō Ōnishi, World War II IJN admiral, "the father of the kamikaze"

File:230502 Former Kaibara Town Office Tamba Hyogo pref Japan01s3.jpg|Tamba city hall Kaibara branch (former Kaibara town hall)

File:Hyozu-jinja tamba02s3200.jpg|Hyozu Jinja in Tamba

Kuroij4.jpg|Stone wall of a Yagura Tower Kuroi Castle

{{Reflist}}

{{Commons category|Tamba, Hyogo}}

• {{official website}} {{in lang|ja}}

{{Hyogo}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tamba, Hyogo}}

Category:Cities in Hyōgo Prefecture

Category:Tamba, Hyōgo