Tarangan language

{{Infobox language

|name=Tarangan

|nativename=Rau Jarjar

|states=Indonesia

|region=Aru Islands

|speakers=14,000

|date=2011

|ref=e18

|familycolor=Austronesian

|fam2=Malayo-Polynesian

|fam3=Central–Eastern

|fam4=Aru

|lc1=tre|ld1=East Tarangan

|lc2=txn|ld2=West Tarangan

|glotto=east2465

|glottoname=East

|glottorefname=East Tarangan

|glotto2=west2538

|glottoname2=West

|glottorefname2=West Tarangan

}}

Tarangan is one of the Aru languages, spoken by inhabitants of the Aru Islands in eastern Indonesia. There are two varieties of Tarangan: East and West Tarangan. These varieties are divergent, perhaps no closer than they are to Manombai, also spoken in the Arus. West Tarangan is a trade language of the southern islands.{{cite book |last=Hughes |first=Jock |year=1987 |chapter=The languages of Kei, Tanimbar and Aru: Lexicostatistic classification |editor=Soenjono Dardjowidjojo |title=Miscellaneous studies of Indonesian and other languages in Indonesia, part 9 |series=NUSA 27 |pages=71–111 |location=Jakarta |publisher=Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya |chapter-url=http://sealang.net/archives/nusa/pdf/nusa-v27-p71-111.pdf}}

Phonology

The following is the description for West Tarangan:{{Cite book |last=Nivens |first=Richard |chapter=A Lexical Phonology of West Tarangan |publisher=Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington |year=1992 |title=Phonological Studies in Four Languages of Maluku }}

= Consonants =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" \|+Consonant phonemes ! colspan="2" \| !Labial !Dental/ Alveolar !Palatal !Velar !Glottal
colspan="2" \|Nasal \|{{IPA link\|m}} \|{{IPA link\|n}} \| \|{{IPA link\|ŋ}} \|
rowspan="2" \|Plosive !voiceless \|({{IPA link\|p}}) \|{{IPA link\|t̪}} \| \|{{IPA link\|k}} \|({{IPA link\|ʔ}})
voiced \|{{IPA link\|b}} \|{{IPA link\|d}} \|({{IPA link\|dʒ}}) \|({{IPA link\|ɡ}}) \|
colspan="2" \|Fricative \|{{IPA link\|ɸ}} \|{{IPA link\|s}} \| \| \|
colspan="2" \|Flap \| \|{{IPA link\|ɾ}} \| \| \|
colspan="2" \|Lateral \| \|{{IPA link\|l}} \| \| \|
colspan="2" \|Approximant \| \| \|{{IPA link\|j}} \|{{IPA link\|w}} \|

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

|+Consonant phonemes

! colspan="2" |

colspan="2" |Nasal

|{{IPA link|m}}

|{{IPA link|n}}

|{{IPA link|ŋ}}

rowspan="2" |Plosive

!voiceless

|({{IPA link|p}})

|{{IPA link|t̪}}

|{{IPA link|k}}

|({{IPA link|ʔ}})

voiced

|{{IPA link|b}}

|{{IPA link|d}}

|({{IPA link|dʒ}})

|({{IPA link|ɡ}})

colspan="2" |Fricative

|{{IPA link|ɸ}}

|{{IPA link|s}}

colspan="2" |Flap

|{{IPA link|ɾ}}

colspan="2" |Lateral

|{{IPA link|l}}

colspan="2" |Approximant

|{{IPA link|j}}

|{{IPA link|w}}

{{IPA|/k/}} can occur as a glottal {{IPAblink|ʔ}} intervocalically between two non-high vowels.
{{IPA|/ɸ/}} is heard as a stop {{IPAblink|p}} syllable-final position.
{{IPA|/w j/}} are heard as voiced stops [{{IPA link|ɡ}} {{IPA link|dʒ}}] in word-initial position and within a stressed noninitial syllable onset.

= Vowels =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" \|+Vowel phonemes ! !Front !Central !Back
Close \|{{IPA link\|i}} \| \|{{IPA link\|u}}
Close-mid \|{{IPA link\|e}} \| \|{{IPA link\|o}}
Open-mid \|{{IPA link\|ɛ}} \| \|{{IPA link\|ɔ}}
Open \| \|{{IPA link\|a}} \|

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

|+Vowel phonemes

!Front

!Central

!Back

|{{IPA link|i}}

|{{IPA link|u}}

Close-mid

|{{IPA link|e}}

|{{IPA link|o}}

Open-mid

|{{IPA link|ɛ}}