Tea seed oil
{{Short description|Oil obtained from the tea plant}}
{{Redirect|Tea oil|oil from the leaves of Melaleuca alternifolia|Tea tree oil}}
Tea seed oil (also known as camellia oil, camellia seed oil, teanut oil) is an edible plant oil. It is obtained from the seeds of Camellia oleifera.
Camellia sasanqua is also given as a source of 'tea seed oil.{{citation| title = The Lipid Handbook | edition = 2nd | first1 = Frank D. | last1 = Gunstone | first2= John L. | last2 = Harwood | first3= Fred B. |last3 = Padley | publisher =Chapman & Hall | year = 1994| at= 3.3.37 Tea seed oil, p.103 }}
Description
The genus Camellia includes several commercially important species - Camellia oleifera is grown mainly in China for vegetable oil.{{sfn|Yang|Liu|Chen|Lin|2016|loc = 1. Introduction}} The oil is known as 'camellia oil', 'tea seed oil', or 'camellia seed oil'.{{sfn|Yang|Liu|Chen|Lin|2016|loc = 1. Introduction}} As of 2016 {{convert|4000000|ha}} of oleifera forest centered on the Yangtze river basin in Hunan, Jiangxi, and Guangxi produces 0.26 million tons of oil.{{sfn|Yang|Liu|Chen|Lin|2016|loc = 1. Introduction}}
Wild Camellia oleifera contains ~47% oil, whilst cultivated varieties have shown oil content from 42 to 53%.{{sfn|Yang|Liu|Chen|Lin|2016|loc = Abstract}} Oil analysis of cultivated varieties showed : ~76-82% oleic acid; 5-11% linoleic acid; 7.5-10% palmitic acid; 1.5-3% stearic acid - the ratios are similar to that found in wild oleifera.{{sfn|Yang|Liu|Chen|Lin|2016|loc = Abstract}} The composition is similar to that of Olive oil.{{sfn|Yang|Liu|Chen|Lin|2016|loc = 1. Introduction}} Another analysis of several cultivars found : 82-84% unsaturated acids of which 68-77% oleic acid; and 7-14% polyunsaturated acids.{{sfn|Ma|Ye|Rui|Chen|2010}}
Uses
With its high smoke point of {{convert|252|C}},{{Cite web|title=Tea seed oil Facts, Health Benefits and Nutritional Value|url=https://www.healthbenefitstimes.com/tea-seed-oil/|access-date=2020-06-25|language=en-US}} tea seed oil is the main cooking oil in some of the southern provinces of People's Republic of China, such as Hunan, especially in mountainous regions; roughly one-seventh of the country's population.
Cautions
Tea seed oil should not be mistaken for tea tree oil (melaleuca oil), an inedible essential oil extracted from the leaves of the paperbark, Melaleuca alternifolia, which is used for medicinal purposes.
See also
- Camellia japonica, source of an oil known as Tsubaki oil. Mainly used as cooking oil and to hold a hairstyle.
- Camellia sinensis, for tea production.
References
{{Reflist}}
=Sources =
- {{citation|journal = J Lipids | year = 2016 | doi = 10.1155/2016/3982486 | title = Comparison of Oil Content and Fatty Acid Profile of Ten New Camellia oleifera Cultivars | first1 = Chunying | last1 = Yang | first2= Xueming | last2 = Liu | first3 = Zhiyi | last3= Chen | first4 = Yaosheng | last4 = Lin | first5 = Siyuan | last5= Wang | pmc = 4753050 | pmid=26942012 | volume=2016 | page=3982486| doi-access = free }}
- {{citation| title = Fatty acid composition of Camellia oleifera oil | journal = Journal für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit | volume = 6 | issue = 11 | date = March 2010 | doi = 10.1007/s00003-010-0581-3 | first1 = Jinlin | last1 = Ma | first2 = Hang | last2= Ye| first3 = Yukui | last3 = Rui | first4 =Guochen | last4 = Chen | pages=9–12| s2cid = 24788762 }}
External links
- {{cite book
| last = Ruter | first = John M
| year = 2002
| chapter = Nursery production of tea oil camellia under different light
| chapter-url = http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/ncnu02/v5-222.html
| editor1-first = J | editor1-last = Janick | editor2-first = A | editor2-last = Whipkey
| title = Trends in new crops and new uses
| pages = 222–24
| location= Alexandria, VA | publisher=American Society for Horticultural Science Press
| oclc = 51677926}}
{{Teas}}
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{{Non-timber forest products}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tea Seed Oil}}