Teleut language
{{Short description|Turkic language spoken in Russia}}
{{Expand Russian|Телеутское наречие|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox language
| iso1 =
| iso2 =
| iso3 =
| ietf =
| name = Teleut
| familycolor = Altaic
| ethnicity = Teleuts
| speakers = 1,570
| fam2 = Common Turkic
| fam1 = Turkic
| fam3 = Kipchak
| states = Russia
| region = Kemerovo Oblast
| script = Cyrillic
| isoexception = dialect
| fam4 = Southern Altai
| map = Altay.svg
| mapcaption = A map of the Altai languages, including Teleut (in pink).
| date = 2020
| nativename = {{lang|alt|Телеңет тили}}
| glotto = tele1258
| dia1 = Kalmak?
| dia2 = Bachat
| dia3 = Tomsk
}}
Teleut is a moribund{{Cite web |title=Телеутский язык {{!}} Minority languages of Russia |url=https://minlang.iling-ran.ru/en/node/314 |access-date=2024-11-20 |website=minlang.iling-ran.ru}} Turkic language spoken in the Altai Republic in Russia. It is sometimes considered a dialect of Southern Altai, but also as its own language.{{Cite web |title=Телеутский язык — все самое интересное на ПостНауке |url=https://postnauka.org/longreads/155329 |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=postnauka.org |language=ru}} Since 2000, the Russian government has officially recognized it as a distinct language.{{Cite web |title=Постановление Правительства РФ от 24.03.2000 N 255 "О Едином перечне коренных малочисленных народов Российской Федерации" (с изменениями и дополнениями) {{!}} ГАРАНТ |url=https://base.garant.ru/181870/ |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=base.garant.ru}} It was the basis for the Altai literary language before 1917.
Classification
The language is classed in the Kipchak languages by Novgorodov et al (2018).{{Citation |last=Novgorodov |first=Innokentiy N. |title=The Teleut Language is of the Kipchak Turkic Language Origin According to the Leipzig–Jakarta List |date=2018 |work=Linguistic and Cultural Studies: Traditions and Innovations |volume=677 |pages=296–302 |editor-last=Filchenko |editor-first=Andrey |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-67843-6_35 |access-date=2024-04-09 |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-67843-6_35 |isbn=978-3-319-67842-9 |last2=Gainutdinova |first2=Albina F. |last3=Ishkildina |first3=Linara K. |last4=Tokmashev |first4=Denis M. |editor2-last=Anikina |editor2-first=Zhanna|url-access=subscription }} It is considered to be a dialect of Southern Altai, with the Telengit dialect or language and the literary form of Altai.
Phonology
Orthography
In the 1840s, missionaries devised various alphabets to write Teleut to create Church materials for the Teleuts.
A compilation of the orthographies is listed below:
| style="font-family:Arial Unicode MS; font-size:1.4em; border-color:#000000; border-width:1px; border-style:solid; border-collapse:collapse; text-align:right; background-color:#F8F8EF"
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Аа | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Бб | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Гг | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Дд | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Jj | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ее | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Жж | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Зз | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ii |
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Йй
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |{{nowrap|Кк, К̅ к̅}} | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Лл | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Мм | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Нн | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |{{nowrap|Ҥҥ, Н̄ н̄}} | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Oo | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ӧӧ | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Пп |
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Рр
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Сс | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Тт | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Уу | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ӱӱ | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Чч |Шш |Ыы | |
The current orthography of Teleut is as follows:{{Cite book |last=Tokmashev |first=M. G. |url=https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/turks/teleut_dili.pdf |title=Telen︠g︡et tili =: Teleutskiĭ i︠a︡zyk |last2=Tokmashev |first2=D. M. |date=2008 |publisher=Skif : Kuzbass |isbn=978-5-85905-367-4 |location=Kemerovo}}
| style="font-family:Arial Unicode MS; font-size:1.4em; border-color:#000000; border-width:1px; border-style:solid; border-collapse:collapse; background-color:#F8F8EF"
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |А а | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Б б | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |В в | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Г г | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ғ ғ | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Д д | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ј ј | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Е е | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ё ё |
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ж ж
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |З з | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |И и | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Й й | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |К к | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Қ қ | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Л л | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |М м | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Н н |
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ң ң
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |О о | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ӧ ӧ | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |П п | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Р р | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |С с | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Т т | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |У у | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ӱ ӱ |
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ф ф
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Х х | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ц ц | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ч ч | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ш ш | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Щ щ | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |ъ | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |ь | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ы ы |
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Э э
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ю ю | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Я я | | | | | | |
Notes and references
Sources
- (ru) Баскаков, Н.A., Диалект чернёвых татар (туба-кижи), Северные диалекты алтаиского (ойротского) языка, 2 volumes, Moscou, Nauka, 1965-1966.
See also
External links
- {{Ethnologue|alt}}
- (ru) [http://lingsib.unesco.ru/ru/languages/teleut.shtml.htm Teleut on the Russian UNESCO website dedicated for Siberian languages]
{{Turkic languages}}
{{Turkic-lang-stub}}