Teradici#PCoIP Protocol

{{Infobox company

| name = Teradici Corporation

| logo = File:Teradici Corporate logo II 2013.png

| type = Subsidiary

| foundation = British Columbia, Canada, 2004

| location = Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada

| founder = Dan Cordingley
Dave Hobbs
Ken Unger
Maher Fahmi

| num_employees = 200+

| industry = Computer software, Computer hardware

| products = {{unbulleted list|PCoIP Protocol|PCoIP Zero Client SOC|{{nowrap|PCoIP Workstation 1:1 Host SOC}}|APEX 2800 Server Offload|PCoIP Management Console}}

| parent = HP Inc.

| homepage = [http://www.teradici.com/ www.teradici.com]

}}

Teradici Corporation was a privately held software company founded in 2004,{{cite web|last=Mellor|first=Chris|title=VMware brings fat graphics to thin clients|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2009/11/10/view_pcoip/|work=The Register|publisher=Situation Publishing|access-date=12 May 2013|date = 10 November 2009}} which was acquired by HP Inc. in October 2021.{{cite news |last1=Dignan |first1=Larry |title=HP buys Teradici, guns for remote high performance computing |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/hp-buys-teradici-guns-for-remote-high-performance-computing/ |access-date=30 July 2021 |publisher=ZDNet |date=July 27, 2021}}

Teradici initially developed a protocol (PCoIP) for compressing and decompressing images and sound when remotely accessing blade servers, and implemented it in hardware.{{cite news|last=Thibodeau|first=Patrick|title=Blade Vendors Look to Make Thin Clients More PC-Like|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IPCejSCcSuYC&q=%22Teradici%22&pg=PA9|access-date=27 May 2013|newspaper=Computerworld|date=25 June 2007}}{{cite web|last=Miller|first=Michael|title=A New Twist on Blade Computing|url=http://forwardthinking.pcmag.com/pc-hardware/283128-a-new-twist-on-blade-computing|work=ForwardThinking|publisher=PCMag|access-date=12 May 2013|date = 23 July 2007}} This technology was later expanded to thin clients/zero clients{{cite journal|last=Doyle|first=Paul|author2=Mark Deegan |author3=David Markey |author4=Rose Tinabo |author5=Bossi Masamila |author6=David Tracey |title= Case Studies In Thin Client Acceptance|journal=Ubiquitous Computing and Communication Journal|date=July 2009|volume=4|series=Special Issue on ICIT 2009 Conference - Applied Computing|issue=3|page=587|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TQNC5wiChYMC&q=%22Teradici%22&pg=PA587|access-date=27 May 2013|issn=1992-8424}} for general Virtual Desktop Infrastructure.{{cite web|last=Haff|first=Gordon|title=VMware elevates its desktop virtualization view|url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-13556_3-10393269-61.html|work=CNET|access-date=12 May 2013|date=November 9, 2009|archive-date=12 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140112080204/http://news.cnet.com/8301-13556_3-10393269-61.html|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|last=Lohr|first=Steve|title=New Ideas in Thin Computing – I|url=http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/09/24/new-ideas-in-thin-computing-i/|work=Bits: The Business of Technology|publisher=The New York Times|access-date=22 May 2013|date=24 September 2007}} Teradici's protocol or hardware is used by HP,{{Cite web|last=Teradici|title=Teradici Blog {{!}} HP|url=https://connect.teradici.com/blog/topic/hp|access-date=2020-06-08|website=connect.teradici.com|language=en-us}} Dell subsidiary Wyse,{{cite web|last=Myslewski|first=Rik|title=Dell uncloaks novel workstation trio, plops one into cloud|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/05/16/new_dell_workstations/|work=The Register|publisher=Situation Publishing|access-date=22 May 2013}} Amulet Hotkey, Samsung, Amazon Web Services,{{cite web|last=Berger|first=Gunnar|title=The DaaS floodgates are open thanks to Amazon WorkSpaces|url=http://blogs.gartner.com/gunnar-berger/the-daas-floodgates-are-open-thanks-to-amazon-workspaces/|work=Gartner Blog Network|publisher=Gartner|access-date=16 November 2013|date=November 2013}} Fujitsu,{{cite web|last=Shukla|first=Anuradha|title=Fujitsu Provides Teradici's PCoIP in its CELSIUS Workstations|url=http://technews.tmcnet.com/colocation/topics/colocation-products/articles/54950-fujitsu-provides-teradicis-pcoip-its-celsius-workstations.htm|work=TMCnet|access-date=22 May 2013}} and VMware.

On 27 July 2021, HP Inc announced that it had signed a definitive agreement to acquire Teradici on undisclosed terms, with the deal set to close in calendar Q4, 2021.[https://investor.hp.com/news/press-release-details/2021/HP-Inc.-to-Acquire-Teradici/default.aspx Press release, HP, Inc, 27 July 2021]

File:Teradici zero clients tera1 tera2 (2-port) and tera2 (4-port).JPG

History

Teradici was founded in 2004 by Dan Cordingley, Dave Hobbs, Ken Unger and Maher Fahmi.{{cite news|last=Shaw|first=Gillian|title=Bold move to control PC security and software: Four high-tech veterans create circuit card that brings big boys' backing|url=http://www.investorvillage.com/mbthread.asp?mb=445&tid=2371586&showall=1|access-date=3 June 2013|newspaper=Vancouver Sun|date=16 June 2007}}{{cite news|last=Drexhage|first=Glenn|title=$10 million funding round kick-starts Burnaby semiconductor company|access-date=28 January 2014|newspaper=Business In Vancouver|year=2006|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ten_Million_funding_round_kick-starts_Burnaby_semiconductor_company.pdf}} It operated in stealth mode until 2007 when they announced their first products, a blade server card and a small hockey puck shaped client, using a proprietary chip which implemented the PCoIP protocol.{{cite web|title=Is Teradici's PC-Over-IP The Next Big Thing?|url=http://virtualization.sys-con.com/node/390395|work=Virtualization Journal|publisher=SYS-CON Media|access-date=3 June 2013|date=June 2007|archive-date=2 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202095448/http://virtualization.sys-con.com/node/390395|url-status=dead}}

In 2008, VMware announced it was licensing Teradici's PCoIP protocol. Teradici developed a software implementation of PCoIP, which VMware started shipping in VMware View 4.{{cite web|title=PCoIP Zero Client and VMware View 4|url=http://communities.vmware.com/blogs/virtualdesktop/2009/12/06/pcoip-zero-client-and-vmware-view-4|work=Virtual Desktop Blog|publisher=VMware|access-date=3 June 2013|author=wponder|date=6 December 2009|archive-date=15 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130615132741/http://communities.vmware.com/blogs/virtualdesktop/2009/12/06/pcoip-zero-client-and-vmware-view-4|url-status=dead}}

The Teradici name originated from a previous company the founders were incubating. That company's product involved a 100-gigabit data center networking device. One-tenth of a tera is a deci, but "Teradeci" didn't roll off the tongue. "Teradici" was unique, sounded better and the domain name was available at the time.{{cite news|last=Rogers|first=Bruce|title=Dan Cordingley's Teradici Enables the Virtual Workspace|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucerogers/2014/05/21/dan-cordingleys-teradici-enables-the-virtual-workspace/|access-date=21 May 2014|newspaper=Forbes|date=21 May 2014}}

PCoIP Protocol

PC-over-IP (PCoIP) is a proprietary remote display protocol developed by Teradici.{{cite web|last=Stuart|first=Greg|title=PCoIP: What Is PC-over-IP and How Does It Work?|url=http://www.petri.co.il/what-is-pc-over-ip.htm|work=Petri IT Knowledgebase|access-date=30 May 2013|archive-date=22 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522082923/http://www.petri.co.il/what-is-pc-over-ip.htm|url-status=dead}} The protocol is available in hardware and in software.

In 2008, VMware licensed Teradici's PCoIP protocol,{{cite web|title=VMware Announces Strategic Licensing and Co-development Agreement with Teradici for True Remote PC User Experience Further Bolstering its vClient Initiative|url=http://www.vmware.com/company/news/releases/teradici_vmworld08.html|work=VMware News Releases|publisher=VMware|access-date=14 May 2013}}{{cite web|last=Ricknas|first=Mikael|title=Desktops Will Move to the Cloud, VMware Exec Says|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/160184/article.html|work=PCWorld|publisher=IDG News Service|access-date=12 May 2013}} and supports it in VMware Horizon View.{{cite book|last=O'Doherty|first=Paul|title=VMware View 5: Building a Successful Virtual Desktop|year=2012|publisher=Prentice Hall|isbn=9780132983686|page=8-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3fedbhsnSkYC&q=%22Teradici%22}} In 2013 Amazon licensed the PCoIP protocol for use in AWS Amazon Workspaces.{{cite web|title=Amazon WorkSpaces Product Details|url=http://aws.amazon.com/workspaces/details/|work=Amazon Web Services|publisher=Amazon|access-date=13 November 2013|date=November 2013}}{{cite news|title=Amazon Plans to Offer Desktops in the Cloud|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2013/11/13/amazon-plans-to-offer-desktops-in-the-cloud/|access-date=13 November 2013|newspaper=Wall Street Journal|author=Don Clark|date=November 2013}}{{cite web|last=Vaughan-Nichols|first=Steven|title=Amazon want you to run Windows 7 on its cloud with WorkSpaces|url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/amazon-wants-you-to-run-windows-7-on-its-cloud-with-workspaces/|work=ZDNet|publisher=CBS Interactive|access-date=14 November 2013|date=November 2013}}{{cite web|last=Bennett|first=Nelson|title=Burnaby's Teradici teams up with Amazon to eliminate the need for desktop computers|url=http://www.biv.com/article/20131113/BIV0112/131119978/burnabys-teradici-teams-up-with-amazon-to-eliminate-the-need-for|work=Business In Vancouver|publisher=BIV Media Group|access-date=14 November 2013|date=November 2013|archive-date=8 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131208072427/http://www.biv.com/article/20131113/BIV0112/131119978/burnabys-teradici-teams-up-with-amazon-to-eliminate-the-need-for|url-status=dead}}

PCoIP is a UDP-based protocol that is host rendered, multi-codec and dynamically adaptive.{{clarify|date=November 2017}} Images rendered on the server are captured as pixels, compressed and encoded and then sent to the client for decryption and decompression. Depending on the image, different codecs are used to encode the pixels sent since techniques to compress video images differ in effectiveness compared to those for text.{{cite podcast|last1=Groves|first1=Randy|title=BriForum 2014 Boston - Randy Groves - Deep Dive into PCoIP Technology|url=http://www.brianmadden.com/blogs/videos/archive/2015/05/01/briforum-2014-boston-randy-groves-deep-dive-into-pcoip-technology.aspx|website=brianmadden.com|publisher=TechTarget|access-date=8 May 2015}} The protocol also dynamically adapts its encoding based on the available bandwidth. In low-bandwidth environments it uses lossy compression where a highly compressed image is quickly delivered, followed by additional data to refine that image, a process termed "build to perceptually lossless". The default is to use lossless compression which is used when there is minimal network congestion or when explicitly configured, as might be required for scenarios where image fidelity is more important than conserving bandwidth, e.g. for medical imaging.{{cite web|title=VMware View 5 with PCoIP: Network Optimization Guide|url=http://www.vmware.com/files/pdf/view/VMware-View-5-PCoIP-Network-Optimization-Guide.pdf|publisher=VMware|access-date=5 June 2013|pages=4}}{{cite web|title=PCoIP technology|url=http://www.teradici.com/pcoip-technology.php|publisher=Teradici|access-date=5 June 2013}}

= Comparing PCoIP vs RDP =

Using PCoIP and RDP as a VPN: both PCoIP and RDP protocols can be used in place of a company’s Virtual Private Network, when a corporate firewall is not available or is deactivated.
High Security and Encryption Level in Connections: using a corporate DMZ, the users can make secure and encrypted connections to Access Points or servers via either PCoIP or RDP.
Security with AES: Both PCoIP and RDP support Advanced Encryption Standard 128-bit by default, adding an extra layer of security in connections. Although, you can change the encryption key cipher to AES-256 in PCoIP.
Bandwidth Reduction: This capability is available on PCoIP protocol in order to optimize the bandwidth usage on WAN and LAN to increase its speed. Bandwidth will be evaluated by Remote Desktop Commander to track the RDP number which depends on your setting (color, depth, etc.).

Products & Solutions

= OEM products=

PCoIP Zero Client SoC (System on a Chip): SoCs for OEMs to implement Zero clients either with the Teradici-developed Tera1 or Tera2{{cite web|last=Harding|first=Christoph|title=Teradici Announces Next-Generation Tera2 PCoIP® Zero Clients|url=http://www.thatsmyview.net/tag/tera1/|work=That's my view|access-date=26 May 2013}} chip, which implement the PCoIP protocol.

File:Rear of Teradici zero clients tera1 tera2 (4-port) and tera2 (2-port).JPG

PCoIP Workstation 1:1 host SoC (System on a Chip): An SoC allowing an OEM to implement a PCIe card which plugs into a workstation (typically a blade computer), allowing it to be remoted and controlled by a client device, either a PCoIP Zero Client or PCoIP Software Client. The connection is 1:1, meaning one host system to one remote user; it is not virtualized or shared and can capture the output from a GPU for full HD and 2K remoting along with redirecting audio and USB peripherals.
PCoIP software clients: Software implementation of the PCoIP protocol for flexible client device support. Select OEMs include this in their products for x86 and ARM-based thin clients. This is also the basis for the VMware and AWS Amazon Workspaces{{cite podcast |host=Brian Madden|title=BrianMadden.com Live Podcast #52, with guest Dan Cordingley, CEO of Teradici|website=BrianMadden.com|publisher=TechTarget|date=11 December 2013|url=http://www.brianmadden.com/blogs/bglive/archive/2013/12/11/brianmadden-com-live-podcast-today-at-10am-pst-with-guest-dan-cordingley-ceo-of-teradici.aspx |access-date=6 January 2014}} software clients for Windows, Mac, Linux, iOS and Android which use Teradici-developed core PCoIP protocol and decoding technology.

=Direct Products=

Teradici APEX 2800 server offload card: A PCIe coprocessor for VMWare Horizon offloading the compression and encryption of graphics and audio to Horizon Software Client or PCoIP Zero Client improving server consolidation in a VDI environment.{{cite book|last=Langone|first=Jason|title=Vmware View 5 Desktop Virtualization Solutions|year=2012|publisher=Packt Publishing Ltd|isbn=9781849681124|page=82|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=01JHYAEqeXsC&q=%22Teradici%22&pg=PA82}}
PCoIP management console: A web-based management tool for administrative control of PCoIP Zero Client devices from a central console.
Workstation Access Software: Enables remote access via PCoIP Software Client or PCoIP Zero Client to a physical Windows PC or Virtual Machine in the Cloud.
Host Card.