Terminalia microcarpa

{{Short description|Species of tree}}

{{Speciesbox

|image = Starr-120606-6983-Terminalia microcarpa-leaves-Kahanu Gardens Hana-Maui (24848957490).jpg

|image_caption = Terminalia microcarpa in Hawaii

|image2 = Kalumpit, a native fruit.jpg

|image2_caption = Edible kalumpit fruits in the Philippines

|status = LC

|status_system = IUCN3.1

|status_ref = {{cite iucn |author= Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) & IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group |date=2019 |title= Terminalia microcarpa |volume=2019 |page= e.T62763A146622548 |doi= 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T62763A146622548.en |access-date=26 December 2022}}

|genus = Terminalia

|species = microcarpa

|authority = Decne.

|synonyms =

Terminalia sericocarpa F.Muell.

}}

Terminalia microcarpa is a tree species in the family Combretaceae. It occurs throughout the Philippines, in parts of Malaysia and Indonesia (Java, Sulawesi, Borneo, Timor, and the Maluku Islands), Papua New Guinea, possibly the Bismarck Archipelago, and northern Australia.{{cite web |title=Terminalia microcarpa Decne. |url=https://prota4u.org/prosea/view.aspx?id=4719 |website=PROSEA |access-date=29 November 2021}}{{cite web |url=http://www.anbg.gov.au/cgi-bin/apni?TAXON_NAME=Terminalia+microcarpa|title=Terminalia microcarpa |accessdate=18 July 2013 |website= Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database|publisher = Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government, Canberra}}{{GRIN | accessdate=18 July 2013}} It is cultivated on a small scale in the Philippines, where the edible sweet and tart plum-like fruits are eaten as is or are traditionally made into jams, jellies, and wines.{{cite journal |last1=Ungson |first1=L.B. |title=Character variation in Terminalia microcarpa Decne.: morphology and phenology of mature trees and early seedling growth |journal=Asian International Journal of Life Sciences |date=2001 |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=45–54 |url=https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=PH2001101313}}{{cite news |last1=Aranas |first1=Hannah |title=Terminalia microcarpa Decne |url=https://www.philstar.com/cebu-news/2012/07/24/831042/terminalia-microcarpa-decne |access-date=29 November 2021 |work=The Philippine Star |date=24 July 2012}}{{cite web |title=Kalumpit - Terminalia microcarpa |url=http://www.fruitipedia.com/2018/12/kalumpit_terminalia-microcarpa/ |website=Fruitipedia |access-date=29 November 2021}}

The species was formally described in 1834 by French botanist Joseph Decaisne. In the Australian Plant Census, Terminalia sericocarpa F.Muell. is regarded as a synonym of this species. Common names in Australia include bandicoot, sovereignwood, damson and damson plum.{{cite web |author1=F.A.Zich |author2=B.P.M.Hyland |author3=T.Whiffen |author4=R.A.Kerrigan |author2-link=Bernard Hyland |year=2020 |access-date=3 June 2021 |url=https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest/text/entities/Terminalia_microcarpa.htm |title=Terminalia microcarpa |website=Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 (RFK8) |publisher=Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government}} It is known as kalumpit in the Philippines.{{Cite web|url=http://www.stuartxchange.org/Kalumpit.html|title=Kalumpit, Terminalia microcrpa, Batangas Cherry: Philippine Medicinal Herbs / Philippine Alternative Medicine|website=www.stuartxchange.org|access-date=2017-03-10}}

The tree typically grows to a height of {{convert|12|to|30|m|ft|0}} in height and is deciduous. It blooms between September and October producing cream flowers.{{FloraBase|name=Terminalia microcarpa|id=17025}}

It is found around springs and creeks and in rocky creek beds in the Kimberley region of Western Australia and extending across the top end of the Northern Territory and tropical areas of Queensland growing in sandy-loam-clay soils.