Ternopil

{{main|History of Ternopil}}

File:Jan Amor Tarnowski.PNG, founder of Tarnopol]]

The city was founded in 1540 by Polish commander and Hetman Jan Amor Tarnowski.{{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151013154205/http://www.ukrinform.ua/ukr/news/pyat_stolit_tarnopolya_misto_getmana_yana_i_mulyara_leontiya_2088900 |date=13 Oct 2015}} Its Polish name, Tarnopol, means 'Tarnowski's city' and stems from a combination of the founder's family name and the Greek term polis.{{cite web |last1=Olszański |first1=Tadeusz A. |title=Kresy Zachodnie. Miejsce Galicji Wschodniej i Wołynia w państwie ukraińskim. |date=2013 |issue=43 |pages=25–26 |url=https://www.osw.waw.pl/sites/default/files/prace_osw_43_net.pdf |series=Prace OSW |publisher=Centre for Eastern Studies |language=pl}}{{cite book |last1=Karpluk |first1=Maria |title=Mowa naszych przodków: podstawowe wiadomości z historii języka polskiego do końca XVIII w |date=1993 |publisher=TMJP |page=46 |language=pl}} The city served as a military stronghold and castle protecting the eastern borders of Polish Kingdom from Tatar raids. On 15 April 1540, the King of Poland, Sigismund I the Old, in Kraków gave Tarnowski permission to establish Tarnopol, near Sopilcze (Sopilche). In 1570, the city passed to the Ostrogski family, and in 1623 to the Zamoyski family. During the Khmelnytsky Uprising, many residents of the city joined the ranks of the Cossack forces.{{Cite news |url=http://ukrssr.com.ua/ternop/viniknennya-mista-ternopil |title=Виникнення і розвиток міста Тернопіль |website=ukrssr.com.ua |trans-title=Establishment and development of the Ternopil city |date=March 27, 2016 |language=uk |access-date=8 August 2023}} During the 1672–1676 Polish–Ottoman War, Tarnopol was almost completely destroyed by Turkish forces of Ibrahim Shishman Pasha in 1675, then rebuilt by Aleksander Koniecpolski.

In 1772, after the First Partition of Poland, the city came under Austrian rule. In 1809, after the War of the Fifth Coalition, the city came under Russian rule, incorporated into the newly created Ternopol krai, but in 1815 returned to Austrian rule in accordance with the Congress of Vienna. In 1870 Tarnopol was connected by railway with Lemberg.

During World War I, the city passed from German and Austro-Hungarian forces to Russia several times. In 1917, the city and its castle were burned down by fleeing Russian forces. After the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the city was proclaimed as part of the West Ukrainian People's Republic on 11 November 1918. After Polish forces captured Lwów during the Polish-Ukrainian War, Tarnopol became the country's temporary capital. After the act of union between the West Ukrainian Republic and the Ukrainian People's Republic, Ternopil formally became part of the UPR. On 15 July 1919, the city was captured.

The Jewish and German population accepted the new Ukrainian state, but the Poles started a military campaign against the Ukrainian authority [...] On November 11, 1918 following bloody fighting, the Polish forces captured Lwów. The government of the WUPR moved to Ternopol and from the end of December the Council and the Government of the WUPR were located in Stanislaviv.
{{in lang|uk}} [http://www.ji-magazine.lviv.ua/inform/orlata/dovidka.htm West Ukrainian People's Republic] in the "Dovidnyk z istoriï Ukraïny" (A hand-book on the History of Ukraine), 3-Volumes, Kyiv, 1993–1999, {{ISBN|5-7707-5190-8}} (t. 1), {{ISBN|5-7707-8552-7}} (t. 2), {{ISBN|966-504-237-8}} (t. 3). by Polish forces. In July and August 1920, the Red Army captured Ternopil in the course of the Polish-Soviet War, and the city served as the capital of the short-lived Galician Soviet Socialist Republic. Under the terms of the Riga treaty, the area remained under Polish control.

File:Kostel Ternopil.jpg was demolished after World War II.]]

As a consequence of the Soviet invasion of Poland in 1939, Ternopil was incorporated into the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic as part of Ternopol Oblast.

On 2 July 1941, the city was occupied by the Nazis. Between then and July 1943, 10,000 Jews were killed by Nazi Germans with the help of ukrainian militia,{{Cite web |title=Tarnopol |url=https://www.holocausthistoricalsociety.org.uk/contents/ghettoss-z/tarnopol.html |access-date=2025-05-01 |website=Holocaust Historical Society}} and another 6,000 were rounded up and sent to Belzec extermination camp. A few hundred others went to labor camps. During most of this time Jews lived in the Tarnopol Ghetto.{{cite web | url=http://www.sztetl.org.pl/pl/article/tarnopol/5,historia/?action=view&page=2 | title=Tarnopol | publisher=Virtual Shtetl (Wirtualny Sztetl) | work=Historia – Społeczność żydowska przed 1989 | date=2015 | access-date=31 July 2015 | author1=Robert Kuwałek | author2=Eugeniusz Riadczenko | author3=Adam Dylewski | author4=Justyna Filochowska | author5=Michał Czajka | pages=3–4 of 5 | language=pl}}{{cite book |last1=Megargee |first1=Geoffrey |title=Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos |date=2012 |publisher=University of Indiana Press |location=Bloomington, Indiana |isbn=978-0-253-35599-7 |page=Volume II, 838-389}} Many Ukrainians were sent as forced labour to Germany. Following the act of restoration of the Ukrainian state, proclaimed by the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists in Lviv on 30 June 1941, the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) was active in the Ternopil region and battled for the independence of Ukraine, opposing the Polish underground Armia Krajowa and People's Army of Poland as well as the Nazis and the Soviets. In 1942 the Germans operated the Stalag 323 prisoner-of-war camp for French POWs in the city.{{cite book|last1=Megargee|first1=Geoffrey P.|last2=Overmans|first2=Rüdiger|last3=Vogt|first3=Wolfgang|year=2022|title=The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV|publisher=Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum|page=313|isbn=978-0-253-06089-1}} During the Soviet offensive in March and April 1944, the city was almost completely destroyed by Soviet artillery.{{cite book | last1 = Frieser | first1 = Karl-Heinz | author-link1 = Karl-Heinz Frieser | first2 =Klaus | last2 = Schmider | first3 =Klaus | last3 = Schönherr | first4 = Gerhard | last4 = Schreiber | first5 = Kristián | last5 = Ungváry | author-link5 = Krisztián Ungváry | first6 =Bernd | last6=Wegner | volume = VIII | title = Das Deutsche Reich und der Zweite Weltkrieg: Die Ostfront 1943/44 – Der Krieg im Osten und an den Nebenfronten | trans-title = Germany and the Second World War: The Eastern Front 1943–1944 – The War in the East and on the Neighbouring Fronts | publisher = Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt | location = München | year = 2007 | isbn = 978-3-421-06235-2 | language = de }} It was occupied by the Red Army on 15 April 1944. After the second Soviet occupation, 85% of the city's living quarters were destroyed.

Following the Potsdam Conference in 1945, Poland's borders were redrawn and Ternopil was incorporated into the Ukrainian SSR of the Soviet Union. The ethnic Polish population of the area was forcibly deported to postwar Poland.{{cite book |author1=Włodzimierz Borodziej |author2=Ingo Eser |author3=Stanisław Jankowiak |author4=Jerzy Kochanowski |author5=Claudia Kraft |author6=Witold Stankowski |author7=Katrin Steffen |title=Przesiedlenie ludności polskiej z Kresów Wschodnich do Polski 1944–1947 |trans-title=Resettlement of Poles from Kresy 1944–1947 |year=1999 |editor=Stanisław Ciesielski |pages=29, 50, 468 |publisher=Neriton |location=Warsaw |isbn=83-86842-56-3 |language=pl |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qsUqAAAAMAAJ&q=Ukrainy}} In the following decades, Ternopil was rebuilt in a typical Soviet style and only a few buildings were reconstructed.

Following the fall of the Soviet Union, Ternopil became part of independent Ukraine, as a city of regional significance. On 31 December 2013, the 11th Artillery Brigade, the descendant of artillery units that had been based in the city since 1949, was disbanded.{{Cite news|url = http://www.unian.ua/politics/908623-vlada-ternopolya-napolyagae-na-vidnovlenni-viyskovih-chastin-na-zahidniy-ukrajini.html|script-title=uk:Влада Тернополя наполягає на відновленні військових частин на Західній Україні|date = 16 April 2014|work = Ukrainian Independent Information Agency|access-date = 4 February 2016|language = uk|trans-title = Ternopil authorities insist on restoration of military units in western Ukraine|archive-date = 4 February 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160204093719/http://www.unian.ua/politics/908623-vlada-ternopolya-napolyagae-na-vidnovlenni-viyskovih-chastin-na-zahidniy-ukrajini.html}} In 2020, as part of the administrative reform in Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three, the city was merged into Ternopil Raion.{{Cite news|title=Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ.|url=http://www.golos.com.ua/article/333466|access-date=2020-10-03|date=2020-07-18|website=Голос України|language=uk}}{{cite web |title=Нові райони: карти + склад |date=17 July 2020 |url=https://www.minregion.gov.ua/press/news/novi-rajony-karty-sklad/ |publisher=Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України |language=uk}}

During the Russo-Ukrainian War, Ternopil was struck by Russian missiles on 13 May 2023, minutes before Ternopil natives Tvorchi performed at the Eurovision Song Contest 2023.{{Cite news |date=2023-05-13 |title=Ukraine Eurovision act's city Ternopil attacked before performance |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-65586701 |access-date=2023-05-14}}

Ternopil has a moderate continental climate with cold winters and warm summers.

{{Weather box

|location = Ternopil (1991–2020, extremes 1949–present)

| metric first = Yes

| single line = Yes

| Jan record high C = 13.9

| Feb record high C = 17.3

| Mar record high C = 25.0

| Apr record high C = 30.0

| May record high C = 30.2

| Jun record high C = 37.8

| Jul record high C = 38.4

| Aug record high C = 36.1

| Sep record high C = 32.1

| Oct record high C = 25.7

| Nov record high C = 19.9

| Dec record high C = 13.9

| year record high C = 38.4

| Jan high C = -1.1

| Feb high C = 0.6

| Mar high C = 5.9

| Apr high C = 14.0

| May high C = 19.6

| Jun high C = 22.6

| Jul high C = 24.7

| Aug high C = 24.5

| Sep high C = 19.0

| Oct high C = 12.6

| Nov high C = 5.5

| Dec high C = 0.3

| year high C = 12.4

| Jan mean C = -3.6

| Feb mean C = -2.4

| Mar mean C = 1.9

| Apr mean C = 8.7

| May mean C = 14.2

| Jun mean C = 17.5

| Jul mean C = 19.2

| Aug mean C = 18.7

| Sep mean C = 13.5

| Oct mean C = 8.0

| Nov mean C = 2.6

| Dec mean C = -2.2

| year mean C = 8.0

| Jan low C = -6.1

| Feb low C = -5.2

| Mar low C = -1.6

| Apr low C = 3.8

| May low C = 8.9

| Jun low C = 12.3

| Jul low C = 13.9

| Aug low C = 13.1

| Sep low C = 8.7

| Oct low C = 4.2

| Nov low C = 0.0

| Dec low C = -4.6

| year low C = 4.0

| Jan record low C = -31.6

| Feb record low C = -31.0

| Mar record low C = -23.9

| Apr record low C = -6.1

| May record low C = -2.2

| Jun record low C = -1.7

| Jul record low C = 4.0

| Aug record low C = 3.6

| Sep record low C = -4.0

| Oct record low C = -10.5

| Nov record low C = -18.0

| Dec record low C = -27.0

| year record low C = -31.6

| precipitation colour = green

| Jan precipitation mm = 28

| Feb precipitation mm = 30

| Mar precipitation mm = 34

| Apr precipitation mm = 37

| May precipitation mm = 64

| Jun precipitation mm = 75

| Jul precipitation mm = 84

| Aug precipitation mm = 62

| Sep precipitation mm = 57

| Oct precipitation mm = 39

| Nov precipitation mm = 34

| Dec precipitation mm = 35

| year precipitation mm = 579

| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm

| Jan precipitation days = 7.9

| Feb precipitation days = 7.9

| Mar precipitation days = 7.9

| Apr precipitation days = 7.6

| May precipitation days = 9.7

| Jun precipitation days = 9.6

| Jul precipitation days = 9.8

| Aug precipitation days = 7.7

| Sep precipitation days = 7.4

| Oct precipitation days = 7.3

| Nov precipitation days = 7.2

| Dec precipitation days = 8.9

| year precipitation days = 98.9

| Jan humidity = 85.7

| Feb humidity = 83.5

| Mar humidity = 77.7

| Apr humidity = 68.8

| May humidity = 69.1

| Jun humidity = 72.2

| Jul humidity = 72.8

| Aug humidity = 71.7

| Sep humidity = 76.2

| Oct humidity = 80.5

| Nov humidity = 86.6

| Dec humidity = 87.0

| year humidity = 77.7

|source 1 = NOAA{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20250422022243/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/6.6/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Ukraine/CSV/Ternopil_33415.csv

| archive-date = 22 April 2025

| archive-format = CSV

| format = CSV

| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/6.6/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Ukraine/CSV/Ternopil_33415.csv

| title = Ternopil Climate Normals 1991–2020

| work = World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020)

| publisher = National Centers for Environmental Information

| access-date = 22 April 2025}}

|source 2 = Climatebase.ru (extremes){{cite web| url = http://climatebase.ru/station/33415/?lang=en| title = Ternopil, Ukraine Climate Data| publisher = Climatebase| access-date = January 21, 2013}}

|date= June 2012}}

File:Ternopil', 2 Kaminna Str..jpg in Ternopil]]

{{historical populations|5=1939|6=50000|7=1959|8=52245|9=1970|10=84663|11=1979|12=143625|13=1989|14=204845|15=2001|16=227755|17=2011|18=217446|19=2022|20=225004|align=right|cols=1|source={{cite web|title=Cities & Towns of Ukraine|url=http://pop-stat.mashke.org/ukraine-cities.htm}}}}According to the 2001 Ukrainian census, Ternopil city and Ternopil Oblast are homogeneously populated by ethnic Ukrainians. Both Ternopil city and Ternopil Oblast are also homogeneously Ukrainian-speaking.{{cite web| url = http://2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/nationality/| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111217151026/http://2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/nationality/| url-status = dead| archive-date = 2011-12-17| title =2001 {{!}} English version {{!}} Results {{!}} General results of the census {{!}} National composition of population}}

National breakdown of Ternopil Oblast (total population 1,138,500):

• Ukrainians: 1,113,500 (97.8%)
• Russians: 14,250 (1.2%)
• Poles: 3,800 (0.3%)

Native languages in Ternopil:

• Ukrainian language: 94.8%
• Russian language: 3.37%
• Belarusian language: 0.07%
• Polish language: 0.04%

According to a survey conducted by the International Republican Institute in 2023, 98% of the city's population spoke Ukrainian at home and 1% spoke Russian.{{cite web |title=Восьме всеукраїнське муніципальне опитування |url=https://ratinggroup.ua/files/ratinggroup/reg_files/municipal_survey_may_2023_ua_-_final.pdf |website=ratinggroup.ua |publisher=International Republican Institute |access-date=6 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719164824/https://ratinggroup.ua/files/ratinggroup/reg_files/municipal_survey_may_2023_ua_-_final.pdf |archive-date=Jul 19, 2023 |language=uk |date=April–May 2023 |url-status=live}}{{Full citation needed |date=August 2023}}

File:Залізничний вокзал (м.Тернопіль).jpg

Ternopil is a centre for the light industry, food industry, radio-electronic and construction industries. In the Soviet and early post-Soviet period, a harvester plant and a porcelain factory operated in the city.

Ternopil is an important railway hub with connections to most major railway stations of Ukraine. The city lies on the M12 international highway connecting western and central regions of Ukraine. Trolleybus lines and a bus station are active in the city. Water transport operates on Ternopil artificial lake mostly for tourist purposes. An airport was opened for civilian traffic in 1985, but ceased commercial operations in 2010.

File:ТДМУ - Кафедра гістології та ембріології - Дослідження даних електронного мікроскопа - 16118427.jpg

Universities include:

• West Ukrainian National University
• Ternopil Ivan Pul'uj National Technical University
• Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatyuk National Pedagogical University
• Ternopil State Medical University

File:Тернопольский академический областной украинский драматический театр имени Т. Г. Шевченко, август 2021 г..jpg

• Ternopil Regional Art Museum
• Ternopil Drama Theater
• Church of the Exaltation of the Cross, Ternopil
• Ukrainian Greek Catholic Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception of The Blessed Virgin Mary
• The sanctuary of Our Lady of Zarvanytsia with a miraculous icon of the 13th century called icon of the Mother of God of Zarvanytsia, sanctuary of Greek-Catholic rite. Located about 40 km from Ternopil, celebrated on 22 July.

File:Kleeberg.jpg

{{See also|List of honorary citizens of Ternopil}}

• Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz (1890–1963), Polish philosopher and logician, researched model theory
• Henryk Baranowski (1943–2013), Polish theatre, opera and film director, actor, playwright and poet
• Vasyl Barvinsky (1888–1963), Ukrainian composer, pianist, conductor and musicologist
• Eugeniusz Baziak (1890–1962), Archbishop of Lviv and apostolic administrator of Kraków.
• Natalia Buchynska (born 1977), singer, brought up in Ternopil.
• Mykola Bychok (born 1980), Ukrainian Greek Catholic cardinal and bishop
• Vitaly Derekh (1987–2022), Ukrainian journalist and soldier
• Mariia Dilai (born 1980), Ukrainian artist, designer, and social activist
• Alexandre Eremenko (born 1954), Ukrainian-American mathematician
• Daria Chubata (born 1940), Ukrainian physician, author and social activist
• Mykola Chubatyi (1889-1975),{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine |url-status=live |archive-date=Jul 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230726153323/https://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CC%5CH%5CChubatyMykola.htm |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CC%5CH%5CChubatyMykola.htm |last=Padokh |first=Yaroslav |author-link=Yaroslav Padokh |date=2001 |language=en |access-date=9 August 2023 |title=Chubaty, Mykola}} historian of Ukrainian Church
• Cyryl Czarkowski-Golejewski (1885–1940), aristocratic Polish landowner and Katyn massacre victim
• Charlotte Eisler (1894-1970), Austrian singer and pianist with the Second Viennese School
• Kornel Filipowicz (1913–1990), Polish novelist, poet, screenwriter and short story writer
• Franciszek Kleeberg (1888–1941), Polish general in the Austro-Hungarian Army
• Bohdan Levkiv (1950–2021), Ukrainian politician and mayor of Ternopil from 2002 to 2006
• Pepi Litman (1874–1930), cross-dressing female Yiddish vaudeville singer
• Kazimierz Michałowski, (1901–1981), Polish archaeologist, Egyptologist and art historian
• Serhiy Nadal (born 1975), Ukrainian politician and mayor of Ternopil since 2010
• Yuriy Oliynyk (1931–2021), Ukrainian composer, concert pianist and professor of music in the United States

File:Stecko.jpg

• Jakub Karol Parnas (1884–1949), biochemist, born in Ternopil
• Joseph Perl, (1773–1839), Ashkenazi Jewish educator and writer, a scion of the Haskalah
• Simhah Pinsker (1801–1864), Polish-Jewish scholar and archeologist
• Antoni Reichenberg (1825–1903), Polish priest, Jesuit, and artist
• Rudolf Pöch (1870–1921), doctor and anthropologist; pioneer photographer and cinematographer
• Roza Pomerantz-Meltzer (1880–1934), Polish writer and novelist based in Lviv and politician
• Solomon Judah Loeb Rapoport (1786–1867), a Galician and Czech rabbi and Jewish scholar
• Karol Rathaus (1895—1954), Polish-Austrian-American modernist composer
• Eduard Romanyuta (born 1992), Ukrainian singer, songwriter, actor and TV presenter
• Baron Lajos Simonyi de Barbács et Vitézvár (1824–1894), Hungarian politician
• Ruslan Stefanchuk (born 1975), Ukrainian politician, party chairman and lawyer
• Yaroslav Stetsko (1912–1986), leader of Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) from 1968
• Oleh Syrotyuk (born 1978), Ukrainian politician, Governor of Ternopil Oblast in 2014
• Jan Tarnowski (1488-1561), Polish general and nobleman, founder of Ternopil (as Tarnopol).{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Tarnowski, Jan | volume= 26 |last= Bain |first= Robert Nisbet |author-link= Robert Nisbet Bain| pages = 429–430 |short= 1}}
• Judd L. Teller (1912–1972), Jewish author, social historian and poet; emigrated to the United States in 1921
• Tvorchi, electronic music duo that represented Ukraine in the Eurovision Song Contest 2023
• Baroness Adelma Vay (1840–1925), medium and pioneer of spiritualism in Slovenia and Hungary

• Olga Babiy (born 1989), Ukrainian chess player and Woman Grandmaster
• Petr Badlo (born 1976), Ukrainian football manager and former footballer with 470 club caps
• Olha Maslivets (born 1978), Russian windsurfer who competed at four Summer Olympics
• Ihor Semenyna (born 1989), Ukrainian football midfielder with 330 club caps

File:Solomiya Krushelnytska.jpg

• Aleksander Brückner, (1856 in Berezhany – 1939), Polish scholar of Slavic languages and literature
• Volodymyr Hnatiuk (1871 in Velesniv, Buchach – 1926), Ukrainian writer, literary scholar, journalist and ethnographer
• Bohdan Lepky (1872-1941), Ukrainian writer, poet and artist
• Ivan Horbachevsky (1854-1942), Ukrainian chemist and politician active in Austria-Hungary, Minister of Healthcare of Cisleithania
• Josyf Slipyj (1892-1984), Ukrainian Greek Catholic priest, Metropolitan of Lviv and Halych
• Solomiya Krushelnytska (1872 in Biliavyntsi — 1952), Ukrainian soprano
• Bohdan Lepky (1872 in Krehulets – 1941), Ukrainian writer, poet, scholar, public figure, and artist
• Ivan Pului (1845 in Hrymailiv – 1918), physicist and inventor, developed use of X-rays for medical imaging
• Casimir Zeglen (1869 near Tarnopol - 1927), Polish-American engineer, inventor of commercial bulletproof vest
• Methodius (Kudriakov) (1949-2015), metropolitan of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church.
• Serhiy Prytula (born 1981 in Zbarazh), Ukrainian TV show host, political activist, founder of Charity Foundation of Serhiy Prytula{{CN|date=January 2023}}
• Volodymyr Chornobay (born 1954), Ukrainian artist
• Karolina Shiino (born 1997), Japanese model and disgraced winner of the 2024 Miss Nippon pageant

• Sofia Yablonska (1907-1971), Ukrainian-French travel writer, photographer and architect
• Les Kurbas (1887-1937), Ukrainian theatre director and actor, founder of the first Ukrainian theatre in Ternopil

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Ukraine}}

File:Den-mista-2014-prapor-EU-3430.jpg member during a ceremony in 2014]]

Ternopil is twinned with:

• {{flagicon|GER}} Erftstadt, Germany since 2023 {{cite web |url-status=live |archive-date=May 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230513065404/https://www.erftstadt.de/web/infos-zu-erftstadt/staedtepartnerschaften |website=www.erftstadt.de |language=de |access-date=6 August 2023 |title=Städtepartnerschaften |url=https://www.erftstadt.de/web/infos-zu-erftstadt/staedtepartnerschaften}}
• {{flagicon|BUL}} Sliven, Bulgaria
• {{flagicon|USA}} Yonkers, United States (since 1991){{cite news|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0DE2DD143FF932A3575AC0A9649C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all|title=Communities; Cities Find Sisters Abroad |date=October 26, 2008|work=The New York Times|access-date=2008-10-26|first=Susan|last=Hodara}}
• {{flagicon|POL}} Elbląg in Poland (since 1992){{cite web|url=http://www.info.elblag.pl/index.php?id=niezbednik_&pid=31&strona=1|title=Elbląg – Podstrony / Miasta partnerskie|access-date=2013-08-01|work=Elbląski Dziennik Internetowy|language=pl|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110315153700/http://info.elblag.pl/index.php?id=niezbednik_&pid=31&strona=1|archive-date=2011-03-15|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url=http://www.elblag.net/niezbednik/miasta-partnerskie,65|title=Elbląg – Miasta partnerskie|access-date=2013-08-01|work=Elbląg.net|language=pl}}
• {{flagicon|POL}} Chorzów, Poland
• {{flagicon|BRA}} Prudentopolis, Brazil
• {{flagicon|GEO}} Batumi, Georgia{{cite web|url=http://www.batumi.ge/en/?page=show&sec=5|title=Batumi – Twin Towns & Sister Cities|access-date=2013-08-10|work=Batumi City Hall|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120504220350/http://www.batumi.ge/en/?page=show&sec=5|archive-date=2012-05-04|url-status=dead}}

Former twin towns include:

• {{flagicon|POL}} Tarnów in Poland
• {{flagicon|BLR}} Pinsk in Belarus

File:City-Stadium-Ternopil-5090.jpg

In 2021, Ternopil created international outrage, especially in the Jewish community, by deciding to name a city stadium in honor of Nazi collaborator Roman Shukhevych.{{Cite book |last=Piotrowski |first=Tadeusz |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NBbnrEMswbUC&q=Poland's+holocaust |title=Poland's Holocaust: Ethnic Strife, Collaboration with Occupying Forces and Genocide in the Second Republic, 1918-1947 |date=2007-01-09 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-7864-2913-4 |language=en |quote=...on the German side and Roman Shukhevych ('Tur', 'Taras Chuprynka') as head of the Ukrainian staff, wore the uniform of the Wehrmacht. |author-link=Tadeusz Piotrowski (sociologist)}} Shukhevych was the military leader of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army during World War II and was known for his collaboration with the Nazi regime{{Citation | title=Israeli Envoy in Ukraine Slams Naming of Soccer Stadium in Honor of Nazi Ally Roman Shukhevych |website=Algemeiner.com | url=https://www.algemeiner.com/2021/03/09/israeli-envoy-in-ukraine-slams-naming-of-soccer-stadium-in-honor-of-nazi-ally-roman-shukhevych/ | access-date=22 October 2023}} as well as his responsibility for the massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia. As a result, the City Council of Tarnów decided to suspend its partnership with Ternopil.{{cite web| url = https://web1.radiokrakow.pl/aktualnosci/tarnow/tarnow-zawiesza-wspolprace-z-tarnopolem |language = pl |title=Tarnów zawiesza współpracę z Tarnopolem | access-date = 26 November 2023}}

Joel Lion, the Israeli Ambassador to Ukraine, expressed Israel’s strong objection to the city's choice to name the stadium in honor of Roman Shukhevych. Lion wrote, "We strongly condemn the decision of Ternopil city council to name the City Stadium after the infamous Hauptman (Captain) of the SS 201st Schutzmannschaft Roman Shukhevych and demand the immediate cancellation of this decision".{{Citation | title=Israel protests against western Ukrainian city naming stadium in honor of Shukhevych | website=Kyiv Post | url=https://www.kyivpost.com/post/7673 | access-date=22 October 2023}}{{Citation | website=UNIAN | title=Israel's Ambassador demands cancellation of decision on Ternopil stadium's name | url=https://www.unian.info/politics/ternopil-israel-s-ambassador-demands-cancellation-of-decision-on-stadium-s-name-11347225.html | access-date=22 October 2023}}

The Eastern Europe Director of the Simon Wiesenthal Center, Efraim Zuroff wrote,

"It is fully understandable that Ternopil seeks to honor those who fought against Soviet Communism, but not those behind the mass murder of innocent fellow citizens." in a statement attempting to convince Ternopil to reconsider the "renaming of its stadium in honor of Nazi collaborator, Hauptmann of the SS Schutzmannschaft 201, Roman Shukhevych, an active participant in the mass murder of Jews and Poles in World War II."{{Citation | title=FIFA urged to take action after stadium renamed for Nazi collaborator |website=The Jerusalem Post |date=17 March 2021 | url=https://www.jpost.com/diaspora/fifa-urged-to-take-action-after-stadium-renamed-for-nazi-collaborator-662274 | access-date=22 October 2023}}

In June 2022, due to the full-scale Russian invasion and missile strikes from the territory of Belarus, Ternopil suspended its partnership with the city of Pinsk.

An international open-air music festival called {{ill|Faine Misto|uk|Файне місто (фестиваль)}} has been held annually near Ternopil for 2–4 days in July since 2013.{{cite web |title=Faine Misto Festival |url=https://www.festivalfinder.eu/festivals/faine-misto-festival |website=www.festivalfinder.eu |publisher=European Festivals Association |access-date=7 April 2021 |language=en}}{{cite web |title=ФАЙНЕ МІСТО {{!}} ТЕРИТОРІЯ ВІЛЬНИХ ЛЮДЕЙ {{!}} Історія |url=https://fainemisto.com.ua/history/ |access-date=7 April 2021 |language=uk}}

{{Notelist}}

{{reflist}}

• A. Bresler, Joseph Perl, Warsaw, 1879, passim;
• Allg. Zeit. des Jud. 1839, iii. 606;
• {{JewishEncyclopedia|wstitle=Tranopol|ref=none}}
• J. H. Gurland, Le-Ḳarot ha-Gezerot, p. 22, Odesa, 1892;
• {{Lang|de|Meyers Konversations-Lexikon}}
• Orgelbrandt, in Encyklopedia Powszechna, xiv. 409;

{{Portal|Ukraine}}

{{commons category|Ternopil}}

{{wikivoyage|Ternopil}}

{{Wiktionary}}

• {{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Tarnopol |volume= 26 | page = 429 |short= 1}}
• {{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine |url-status=live |archive-date=Aug 5, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230805113803/https://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CT%5CE%5CTernopil.htm |url=https://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CT%5CE%5CTernopil.htm |last2=Mykolaievych |first2=Roman |last1=Kubijovyč |first1=Volodymyr |author1-link=Volodymyr Kubiyovych |date=2012 |language=en |access-date=10 August 2023 |title=Ternopil}}
• {{in lang|uk}} [http://www.rada.te.ua/ Ternopil City Council]
• {{in lang|uk|en}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20070717041444/http://www.ternopil.net.te.ua/index.php?dir=%2Fternopil_%28Leonid_Tit%29%2F Ternopil photos]
• [http://ukrainetrek.com/ternopil-city Ternopil City Sights]
• [http://www.personal.ceu.hu/students/97/Roman_Zakharii/ternopil.htm Website about Ternopil]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20131004215148/http://filmportal.de/en/video/zu-den-kaempfen-um-tarnopol Historical footage of war damages at Ternopil (1917)], filmportal.de
• {{JewishGen-LocalityPage|1056204|Ternopil, Ukraine}}

{{Ternopil Oblast}}

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Category:Cities in Ternopil Oblast

Category:Holocaust locations in Ukraine

Category:Populated places established in 1540

Category:Historic Jewish communities in Ukraine

Category:Cities of regional significance in Ukraine

Category:Oblast centers in Ukraine