Textual variants in the Primary Chronicle

File:Rus' Chronicles Stemma 01.png, Pushkin House ; ed. Dmitry Likhachev. L. : Nauka, 1987—2017.]]

Frequently used sigla (scribal symbols and abbreviations) of Primary Chronicle manuscripts and editions include:

File:Лаврентіївський літопис.pdf|page=8|Laurentian Codex
(click for full PDF)

File:Hypatian Codex.pdf|page=9|Hypatian Codex
(click for full PDF)

File:Радзивіллівський літопис.pdf|page=3|Radziwiłł Chronicle
(click for full PDF)

File:Moscow Academic Chronicle.pdf|page=5|Academic Chronicle
(click for full PDF)

File:Khlebnikov Codex.pdf|page=4|Khlebnikov Codex
(click for full PDF)

File:Novgorod First Chronicle Synodal Scroll.pdf
(click for full PDF)]]

; Critical editions

• Complete Collection of Russian Chronicles: PSRL
• Aleksey Shakhmatov: Šax{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=e-PVL}}
• A. F. Bychkov 1872:{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=12}} Byč{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=e-PVL}}
• Dmitry Likhachev: Lix{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=e-PVL}}
• Donald Ostrowski et al. Paradosis (2003,{{sfn|Gippius|2014|p=342}} digitised 2014{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=e-PVL}}): α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=e-PVL}}
• L. Müller (2001) critical modern German translation{{sfn|Gippius|2014|p=342}}

File:Повесть Временных Лет по Лаврентьевскому списку (РГБ). 1872.djvu|page=5|1872 critical edition
of the Laurentian Codex
(click for full PDF)

File:PSRL Tom 2 Ipatyevskaya letopis 1843.pdf|page=4|1843 critical edition
of the Hypatian Codex
(click for full PDF)

File:PSRL Tom 3 Novgorodskaya pervaya letopis 1950.pdf|1950 critical edition
of the NPL
(click for full PDF)

File:The chronicle of Novgorod, 1016-1471 (IA chronicleofnovgo00michrich).pdf|page=9|1914 English translation
of the NPL
(click for full PDF)

{{dynamic list}}

''Note: Unlike the chapters and verses of the Bible used in biblical studies, textual criticism of the Primary Chronicle (PVL) employs notation by page and line.{{efn|"Examples are quoted here as they appear in

the Laurentian manuscript and are taken from the 1950 Academy of Sciences edition of the Povest' vremennyx let. Numbers in parentheses indicate the location (page and line number) of each example in Volume I of the Academy of Sciences edition."{{Cite journal |last1=Frink |first1=O. |date=1964 |title=Negation and Case Selection in the Laurentian Primary Chronicle |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/304221 |journal=The Slavic and East European Journal |publisher=American Association of Teachers of Slavic and East European Languages |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=302–307 |doi=10.2307/304221 |access-date=17 May 2023|url-access=subscription }}}} For example, a notation such as "3.2" refers to the "third (3rd) page, second (2nd) line".''

File:Povest vremennykh let text.png

0.1

: {{langx|orv|Се повѣсти времѧньных лѣт.{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=0.1}}|Se pověstĭ vremęnĭnyx lět|These are the tales of bygone years.|label=none}} – Lav Tro Byč Šax Lix{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=0.1}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=28}}

: {{langx|orv|повесть временных лѣтъ черноризца феѡдось|ева{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=0.1}}|pověstĭ vremennyx lětŭ čĭrnorizĭtsa Feodosieva|Tale of bygone years by the monk of Theodosius|label=none}} – Rad Aka Ipa α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=0.1}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=28}}

: {{langx|orv|Пѡвѣсти врѣменных лѣт. нестера черноризца.| федѡосїева {{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=0.1}}|pověstĭ vremennyx lět. nestera čĭrnorizĭtsa Fedōsïeva|Tale of bygone years by the nestera{{efn|Some readers have taken the word нестера to refer to Nestor the Chronicler, but Ostrowski (1981) pointed out: 'The word нестера was added in [the Khlebnikov Codex], and thus cannot be used as evidence for the name of the compiler of the PVL.'{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=28}}}} monk of Theodosius|label=none}} – Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=0.1}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=28}}

:{{langx|orv|Временникъ, еже есть нарицается лЂтописание|Vremennikŭ, ezhe estĭ naritsaetsya lětopisanie|Bygone years, which is the name of the chronicle|label=none}} – Novgorod First Chronicle Younger Redaction{{sfn|Izbornyk|2001}}

0.2

: {{langx|orv|манастыря печерьскаго,{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=0.2}}|manastyrja pečerĭskago,|from the Monastery of Pechersk (the Caves),|label=none}} – Rad Aka Ipa Xle α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=0.2}}

: omitted – Lav Tro Byč Šax Lix{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=0.2}}

0.2–3

: {{langx|orv|ѿкуду есть пошла рускаꙗ земѧ. кто въ киевѣ нача первѣе кнѧ<жит>||regarding the origin of the land of Rus', the first princes of Kiev|label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=0.3}}

:{{langx|orv|князеи и земля Руския|knyazej i zemlya Ruskiya|about the Rus' princes and land.|label=none}} – Novgorod First Chronicle Younger Redaction{{sfn|Izbornyk|2001}}

0.3

: {{langx|orv|киевѣ нача{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=28}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=0.3}}|Kievě nacha|of Kiev began|label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|pp=28–29}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=0.3}} Byč Šax Lix{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=0.3}}

:{{langx|orv|и како избра богъ страну нашу на послЂднЂе время, и грады почаша бывати по мЂстом, преже Новгородчкая Б волость и потом Кыевская, и о поставлении Киева, како во В имя назвася В Кыевъ.||and how God chose our country for the last time, and the cities began to be in their places, first in the Novgorodian volost and then the Kyevan, and of the rise of Kiev, which was called by the name of Kyevû.|label=none}} – Novgorod First Chronicle Younger Redaction{{sfn|Izbornyk|2001}}

: omitted – all other manuscripts,{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|pp=28–29}} α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=0.3}}

1.1

: {{langx|orv|се начнемъ повѣсть сию.|se načnemŭ pověstĭ siju.|let us begin this story.|label=none}} – Lav Tro Aka Ipa Byč Lix α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=1.1}}

: {{langx|orv|Се начнемъ повѣсть сїю.|Se načnemŭ pověstĭ sīju.|Let us begin this story.|label=none}} – Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=1.1}}

: {{langx|orv|се начн{{sup|м}}е повѣсть сию.|Se načn{{sup|m}}e pověstĭ siju.|Let us [begin] this story.|label=none}} – Rad{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=1.1}}

: {{langx|orv|Се начьнѣмъ повѣсть сию.|Se načĭněmŭ pověstĭ siju.|Let us begin this story.|label=none}} – Šax{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=1.1}}

1.2

: {{langx|orv|трие сынове ноеви|trie synove noevi|the three sons of Noah|label=none}} – Tro Byč Lix{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=1.2}}

: {{langx|orv|.г҃.е сн҃ве ноеви|.g'.e s[y]nve noevi|the 3 s[o]ns of Noah|label=none}} – Rad Aka α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=1.2}}

: {{langx|orv|бо .г҃.е сн҃ве ноеви|bo .g'.e s[y]nve noevi|for the 3 s[o]ns of Noah|label=none}} – Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=1.2}}

: {{langx|orv|оубо трїе с҃нове ноеви|ubo trīe s[y]nove Noevi|for the three sons of Noah|label=none}} – Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=1.2}}

: {{langx|orv|убо трие сынове Ноеви|ubo trie synove Noevi|for the three sons of Noah|label=none}} – Šax{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=1.2}}

: {{langx|orv|первие с<нве> ноеви|pervie s noevi|(the) first s[ons] of Noah|label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=1.2}}

1.3 {{See also|Shem, Ham and Japheth}}

: {{langx|orv|симъ. хамъ. афетъ.|simŭ. xamŭ. afetŭ.|Simŭ, Xamŭ, Afetŭ.|label=none}} – Lav Tro Ipa Byč Šax Lix α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=1.3}}

: {{langx|orv|с{{sup|м}}и. х{{sup|м}}а. афе{{sup|т}}|s{{sup|m}}i. x{{sup|m}}a. afe{{sup|t}}.|Smi, Xma, Afet.|label=none}} – Aka Rad (афетъ) Xle (и афе{{sup|т}}){{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=1.3}}

1.9

: {{langx|orv|елмаисъ. инди. равиꙗ. на всѧ.|elmaisŭ, indi, rabija na vsja|Elmais, Indi[a], all of [A]rabia.|label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=1.9}}

: {{langx|orv|елмаисъ инди аравия силная колия комагини финикия вся|elmaisŭ indi arabija silnaja kolija finikija vsja|Elmais Indi[a] Arabia the Strong Kolija Komagini all of Phinicia.|label=none}} – Tro{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=1.9}}

: {{langx|orv|елоумаисъ. инди. равиꙗ силнаа. коулїи. колгини. фикиа всѧ:-|elymaisŭ, indi, rabija silnaa, kulīi, kolgini, fikia vsja|Elymais, Indi[a], [A]rabia the Stron[g], Kulīi, Kolgini, all of Phicia.|label=none}} – Rad Aka (3 ї/и variations){{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=1.9}}

: {{langx|orv|елумаисъ. индиѧ. aравиа силнаꙗ. кулии. колгини. финикиꙗ всѧ|elymaisŭ, indija, arabija silnaja, kulii, kolgini, finikija vsja|Elymais, India, Arabia the Strong, Kulii, Kolgini, all of Phinicia.|label=none}} – Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=1.9}}

: {{langx|orv|елоумаись. индиѧ аравїа силнаа. коулии. комагины. финикїа всѧ.|elymaisŭ, indija arabīa silnaa, kulii, komaginy, finikīa vsja|Elymais, India Arabia the Stron[g], Kulii, Komaginy, all of Phinicīa.|label=none}} – Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=1.9}}

3.8

: {{langx|orv|илурикъ|ilurikŭ|Illyricum|label=none}} – Rad Aka Ipa Xle Šax α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=3.8}}{{sfn|Lunt|1995|p=336}}

: {{langx|orv|илюрикъ|iljurikŭ|Illyricum|label=none}} – Lav Byč Lix{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=3.8}}{{sfn|Lunt|1995|p=336}}

: {{langx|orv|люрикъ|ljurikŭ|Illyricum|label=none}} – Tro{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=3.8}}{{sfn|Lunt|1995|p=336}}

: {{langx|grc|Ἰλλυρίς|Illyrís|of Illyria|label=none}} – George Hamartolos{{sfn|Lunt|1995|p=336}}

:: See also Generations of Noah

3.8–3.9

: {{langx|grc|Ἰλλυρίς, ἡ Λυχνίτις, Ἀδριανή|Illyrís, he Lychnítis, Adriané|of Illyria, Lychnitis, Adriane|label=none}} – George Hamartolos{{sfn|Lunt|1995|pp=337–338}}

: {{langx|orv|Илурикъ, Словѣне, Лухития, Анъдриакия|Ilurikŭ, Slověne, Luxnitija, Anŭdriakija|Illyricum, the Slavs, Lychnitia, Andriakia|label=none}} – α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=3.8–9}}{{sfn|Lunt|1995|pp=337–338}}

4.12

: {{langx|orv|<св>еи. оурма<не> русь. агнѧне галичане|ei. urma rusĭ. agnjane galichane| Rus', Agnjane, Galichane |label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=4.12}}

: {{langx|orv|свѣе урмане готе русь ангняне галичане|svěi urmane gote rusĭ angnjane galichane|Swedes Urmane Gote Rus' Angnjane Galichane |label=none}} – Tro {{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=4.12}}

: {{langx|orv|всеи оурмане галичанѣ|vsei urmane galichaně|all Urmane Galichane |label=none}} – Rad {{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=4.12}}

: {{langx|orv|свеи. оурмане. галичане.|svei. urmane. galichane|Swedes, Urmane, Galichane |label=none}} – Aka {{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=4.12}}

: {{langx|orv|свеи. оурмане. готѣ. русь. аглѧнѣ. галичанѣ.|svei. urmane. gotě. rusĭ. agljaně. galichaně|Swedes, Urmane, Gote, Rus', Agljane, Galichane. |label=none}} – Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=4.12}}

: {{langx|orv|свеи, оурмане. гте роу{{sup|c}} а<глѧ>не, галичане.|svei, urmane. gte rus ane, galichane|Swedes, Urmane. G[o]te Rus A[glja]ne, Galichane. |label=none}} – Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=4.12}}

:: The Urmane are usually interpreted as "Normans"{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|2013|p=1}} or "Norsemen";{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=8}} Gote as either "Goths" or "Gotlanders";{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|2013|p=1}}{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=8}} A(n)gnjane or Agljane as "Angles{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=8}}" / "English";{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|2013|p=1}} and Galichane as either "Galicians" (and thus translated as "Spaniards",{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|2013|p=1}} see Galicia (Spain)), "Gauls" or "Welsh".{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=8}}

4.13

: {{langx|orv|волохове|voloxove|Vlachs{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=8}} or Italians{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|2013|p=1}}|label=none}} – Tro Ipa Xle Šax α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=4.13}}

: {{langx|orv|<волъ>хва|xva|Vlachs or Italians|label=none}} – Lav Byč Lix{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=4.13}}

: omitted – Rad Aka{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=4.13}}

:: It is unclear what Volokhove (or Volŭkhva) means. Cross & Sherbowitz-Wetzor (1930, 1953) translated it as "Italians"{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|2013|p=1}} (compare modern Polish Włochy "Italy" or "Italians"); but in 6.6 he rendered Волохомъ/Волхомъ/Волотомъ{{sfn|Lunt|1995|p=341}} as Vlakhs.{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|2013|p=2}} Lunt (1995) described the Volokhs as 'people speaking Latin or a Romance language.'{{sfn|Lunt|1995|p=341}} Thuis (2015) translated both as "Vlachs", adding 'This is possibly a Celto-Romance people.'{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=8}}

4.13

: {{langx|orv|римляне|rimljane|Romans|label=none}} – Tro Byč Šax Lix α; (римлѧне) Lav Xle; (римлѧнѣ) Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=4.13}}

: omitted – Rad Aka{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=4.13}}

5.22

: {{langx|orv|племени афетова. нар ци еже суть словѣне.|plemeni afetova, nar tsi ezhe sutĭ slověne.|the line of Afet, the Nartsi who are Slovenes.|label=none}} – Lav Byč Lix{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=5.22}}

: {{langx|orv|племени{{sup|ж}} афетова нарицаеми иновѣрци еже соуть словене|plemeni{{sup|zh}} afetova naritsaemi inověrtsi ezhe sutĭ slovene.|the line of Afet, called the Inovertsi, who are Slovenes.|label=none}} – Rad{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=5.22}}

: {{langx|orv|племени же а҃фетова. нарицаемии норци еже сѹть словѣне.|plemeni zhe ahfetova, naritsaemii nortsi ezhe sutĭ slověne.|the line of Ahfet, called the Nortsi, who are Slovenes.|label=none}} – Aka{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=5.22}}

: {{langx|orv|племени же афетова. нарѣ<ц>аемѣи норци. иже сѹть словенѣ.|plemeni zhe afetova, narěaeměi nortsi, izhe sutĭ sloveně.|the line of Afet, called the Nortsi, who are Slovenes.|label=none}} – Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=5.22}}

::The N- ethnonym is unclear. Cross & Sherbowitz-Wetzor (1930, 1953) rendered them as the Noricians, who are identical to the Slavs.{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|2013|p=1}} Lunt (1995), noting that Lav and Rad 'have independent corruptions', translated Ipa/Xle/Aka as (those) called Norci, who are Slavs. He commented: 'These clauses do not fit together easily. (...) This rather odd sentence seems, then, to imply that the Norci are a sub-tribe of Slavs.'{{sfn|Lunt|1995|p=337}} Thuis (2015) wrote the Noriks, who are Slavs, adding 'The inhabitants of the Roman province of Noricum along the Danube. Possibly, this is a reference to the purported Urheimat of the Slavic people.'{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=8}}

5.23–25 See also Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin § Second phase (900–902)

6.6–8 See also Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin § Second phase (900–902)

6.13

: {{langx|orv|деревлѧне|derevlęne|Derevlęne|label=none}} – Rad Ipa Xle (деревлѧ){{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=6.13}}

: {{langx|orv|Деревляне|Derevliane|Derevliane|label=none}} – α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=6.13}}

: {{langx|orv|древлѧне|drevlęne|Drevlęne|label=none}} – Lav Aka{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=6.13}}

: {{langx|orv|Древляне|Drevliane|Drevliane|label=none}} – Byč Šax Lix{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=6.13}}

{{See also|Route from the Varangians to the Greeks#History}}

7.21–9.4 Journey of Andrew the Apostle along the Dnieper from Korsun via the future site of Kyiv towards the future site of Veliky Novgorod.

{{See also|Christianization of Kievan Rus'#Apostolic legends|Andrew the Apostle#Ukraine and Russia}}

9.5–10.16

{{Further|Kyi, Shchek and Khoryv#Text of the Primary Chronicle}}

9.5–21 The legendary founding of Kiev (Kyiv)

9.17

: {{langx|orv|киевъ{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=9.17}}|kievŭ|Kiev|label=none}} – Lav Tro Rad Ipa Byč Lix{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=9.17}}

: {{langx|orv|кыевь{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=9.17}}|kyevŭ|Kyev|label=none}} – Aka Xle Šax α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=9.17}}

9.26–10.16 The acts of Kyi, and the death of the four siblings.

{{Further|Kyi, Shchek and Khoryv#Acts of Kyi|Kyi, Shchek and Khoryv#Legacy of the four siblings}}

10.5

: {{langx|orv|приходившю ему ко цр҃ю. ꙗко|же сказають.|label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=10.5}}

: {{langx|orv|приходившю ему и ко царю якоже сказають|label=none}} – Tro{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=10.5}}

: {{langx|orv|приходившю ему ко царю, якоже сказають,|label=none}} – Byč{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=10.5}}

: {{langx|orv|приходившю ему ко царю, якоже сказають,|label=none}} – Lix{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=10.5}}

: {{langx|orv|проходившю емоу ко цр҃ю не свѣмы.|но токмо ѡ сем вѣмы. ꙗкож сказоують.|label=none}} – Rad{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=10.5}}

: {{langx|orv|пришедшѹ емѹ | къ цр҃ю не свѣмы. но токмо ѡ семь вѣмы. ꙗкоже | сказѹютъ.|label=none}} – Aka{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=10.5}}

: {{langx|orv|приходившю ему къ с | црсю | не свѣмы. но токмо ѡ се|мъ вѣмы ꙗкоже сказаю|ть.|label=none}} – Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=10.5}}

: {{langx|orv|прихдовїшю емоу къ цр҃ю, не свѣмы [lacuna]|label=none}} – Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=10.5}}

: {{langx|orv|приходивъшю ему къ цѣсарю, которого не съвѣмы, нъ тъкъмо о семь вѣмы, якоже съказають,|label=none}} – Šax{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=10.5}}

: {{langx|orv|приходивъшю ему къ цьсарю, не съвѣмы, нъ тъкъмо о семь вѣмы, якоже съказають,|label=none}} – α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=10.5}}

{{See also|Dulebes#History}}

12.16

: {{langx|orv|деревлѧне|derevlęne|Derevlęne|label=none}} – Rad Aka Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=12.16}}

: {{langx|orv|Деревляне|Derevliane|Derevliane|label=none}} – Byč Lix α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=12.16}}

: {{langx|orv|древѧнѧ|drevlęnę|Drevlęnę|label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=12.16}}

: {{langx|orv|древяня|drevliania|Drevliania|label=none}} – Tro{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=12.16}}

: {{langx|orv|Древляне|Drevliane|Drevliane|label=none}} – Šax{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=12.16}}

: [lacuna] – Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=12.16}}

{{Further|Kyi, Shchek and Khoryv#Legacy of the four siblings}}

16.21–17.3

17.4–24 Prediction of Khazar downfall.

17.25–29 See also Primary Chronicle § Opening date error.

{{Excerpt|Calling of the Varangians#Texts}}

{{Main|Askold and Dir#Primary Chronicle and Novgorod First Chronicle}}

25.10–21 See also Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin § Second phase (900–902)

26.21

: {{langx|orv|ко ѡлго|[ви] гл҃ѧ{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=26.1}}|ko Ōlgo[vi] glę|Oleg{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}|label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=26.1}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}

: {{langx|orv|ко лвови гл҃ѧ{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=26.1}}|ko Lvovi glę|Leo{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}|label=none}} – Rad,{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=26.1}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}} Aka,{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=26.1}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}

: {{langx|orv|къ лвови гл҃ѧ{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=26.1}}|kŭ Lvovi glę|Leo{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}|label=none}} – Ipa,{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=26.1}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}} Xle,{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=26.1}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}

{{See also|Rusʹ–Byzantine Treaty (907)}}

{{See also|Rusʹ–Byzantine Treaty (911)#Linguistics}}

41.13 reference to Acts 19:13–14.{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=34}}

{{See also|Rusʹ–Byzantine Treaty (945)}}

The death of Igor of Kiev.

Olga's revenge on the Derevlians. See also Olga of Kiev § Drevlian Uprising.

55.10

: {{langx|orv|вольга|vōlǐga|Vōlǐga|label=none}} – Lav, Byč, Lix{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.10}}

: {{langx|orv|ольга|ōlǐga|Ōlǐga|label=none}} – Tolstoy, Šax, α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.10}}

: {{langx|orv|ѡльга|ōlǐga|Ōlǐga|label=none}} – Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.10}}

: {{langx|orv|ѡлга|ōlga|Ōlga|label=none}} – Rad, Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.10}}

: {{langx|orv|олга|olga|Olga|label=none}} – Aka, Kom{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.10}}

55.22

: {{langx|orv|никифоровъ|nikiforovŭ|Nikiforov|label=none}} – Ipa, Byč, Šax, Lix, α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.22}}

: {{langx|orv|никифоровь|nikiforovǐ|Nikiforov|label=none}} – Aka{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.22}}

: {{langx|orv|микифоровъ|mikiforovŭ|Mikiforov|label=none}} – Kom, Tolstoy{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.22}}

: {{langx|orv|микифорѡ{{sup|в}}|mikiforōv|Mikiforōv|label=none}} – Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.22}}

: {{langx|orv|ники{{sup|ѳ}}ровъ|nikithrovŭ|Nikithrov|label=none}} – Rad{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.22}}

: {{langx|orv|нифовъ.|nifovŭ|Nifov|label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.22}}

55.23

: {{langx|orv|идѣже {{sup|с}} е{{sup|с}} н҃нѣ дворъ воротиславль и||where in there is now[adays] the courtyard of Vorotislavl' and|label=none}} – Rad (воротиславль. и), Xle(идеже){{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.23}}

: {{langx|orv|идѣже есть н҃нѣ дворъ воротиславль. и||where there is now[adays] the courtyard of Vorotislavl'. And|label=none}} – Aka{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.23}}

: {{langx|orv|идеже есть нынѣ двор{{sup|ъ}} воротиславль и||where there is nowadays the courtyard of Vorotislavl' and|label=none}} – Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.23}}

: {{langx|orv|есть||there is|label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.23}}

: {{langx|orv|идеже есть нынѣ дворъ Воротиславль и||where there is nowadays the courtyard of Vorotislavl' and|label=none}} – Byč, Šax, Lix{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.23}}

: {{langx|orv|иде же есть нынѣ дворъ Воротиславль и||There is also nowadays the courtyard of Vorotislavl' and|label=none}} – α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.23}}

55.24

: omitted – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.24}}

: {{langx|orv|чюдинь, а перевѣсище бѣ внѣ града.|chjudinĭ, a perevěsishte bě vŭně grada.|Chudin, and [the] hunting ground / bird trap was outside [the] city|label=none}} – Rad (гра{{sup|д}}.), Aka (ч{{sup|д}}ю{{sup|и}}нь.), Ipa (города), Xle (перевѣсишто; города.), Byč (Чюдинъ), Šax (вънѣ), Lix (Чюдинъ), α (вънѣ){{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.24}}

55.25

: {{langx|orv|дворъ другыи, идеже есть дворъ Деместниковъ||another courtyard, where [the] courtyard of Demestnikov is|label=none}} – Rad, Aka, α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.25}}

: {{langx|orv|дворъ другый идѣже есть дворъ Демьстиковъ||another courtyard where [the] courtyard of Demestikov is|label=none}} – Byč, Šax, Lix{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.25}}

: {{langx|orv|дворъ другыи||another courtyard|label=none}} – Kom, Tolstoy (другии){{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.25}}

: {{langx|orv|дворъ теремныи. и другыи идеже е{{sup|с}} дворъ демесниковъ||[a] terem courtyard and another, where [the] courtyard of Demes(t)nikov is|label=none}} – Ipa (демесниковъ), Xle (деместниковь){{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.25}}

: {{langx|orv|дворъ демьст{{sup|и}}ковъ.||[the] courtyard of Demestikov|label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=55.25}}

:: Cross & Sherbowitz-Wetzor (1953): 'another palace, where the palace of the Cantors is now situated'.{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|1953|p=78}}

56.1

: {{langx|orv|дерьвьска землѧ|derĭvǐska zemlẹ||label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=56.1}}

: {{langx|orv|деревлѧньскаа землꙗ|derevlẹnǐskaa zemlja||label=none}} – Rad{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=56.1}}

: {{langx|orv|деревѧньскаа землѧ|derevẹnǐskaa zemlẹ||label=none}} – Aka{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=56.1}}

: {{langx|orv|деревьск{{sup|а}}ꙗ землѧ|derevǐskaja zemlẹ||label=none}} – Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=56.1}}

: {{langx|orv|деревскаа землѧ|derevskaa zemlẹ||label=none}} – Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=56.1}}

: {{langx|orv|деревьскаꙗ землꙗ|derevĭskaja zemlja||label=none}} – Kom Tolstoy (деревъскаꙗ){{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=56.1}}

: {{langx|orv|Дерьвьска земля|Derĭvǐska zemlia||label=none}} – Byč, Šax (Деревьска), Lix{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=56.1}}

: {{langx|orv|Деревьская земля|Derevǐskaia zemlia||label=none}} – α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=56.1}}

60.25–62.8 Olga's visit to Tsargrad (Constantinople), and conversion to Byzantine Christianity.{{sfn|Butler|2008|p=232}} See also Olga of Kiev § Conversion.

60.26

: {{langx|orv|бѣ тогда ц҃рь имѧнемь цѣмьскии.||There was then a tsarĭ named Tsěmĭskii.|label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=60.26}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|2007|p=275}}

: {{langx|orv|и бѣ тогда ц҃рь костѧнтинъ с҃нъ леѡновъ.||And there was then a tsarĭ Kostyantinŭ son of Leōnovŭ.|label=none}} – Rad{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=60.26}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|2007|p=275}}

: {{langx|orv|и бѣ тогда ц҃рь костѧнтинь с҃нъ леѡновь.||And there was then a tsarĭ Kostyantinĭ son of Leōnovĭ.|label=none}} – Aka{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=60.26}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|2007|p=275}}

: {{langx|orv|и бѣ тогда црсь костѧнтинъ. с҃нъ леѡнтовъ.||And there was then a tsrsĭ Kostyantinŭ, son of Leōntovŭ.|label=none}} – Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=60.26}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|2007|p=275}}

: {{langx|orv|и бѣ тогда ц҃рь костѧнтин. с҃нь леоновь.||And there was then a tsarĭ Kostyantin, son of Leonovĭ.|label=none}} – Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=60.26}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|2007|p=275}}

: {{langx|orv|и бѣ тогда цесарь именемь чемьскыи они||And there was then a tsesarĭ named Chemĭskȳi they|label=none}} – Kom{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=60.26}}

: {{langx|orv|и бѣ тогда цесарь именемь чемьскии||And there was then a tsesarĭ named Chemĭskii|label=none}} – NAk Tol{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=60.26}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|2007|p=275}}

:: Ostrowski (2007): 'Since the emperor at the time was not Tsimiskes but Constantine, the reading Костянтинъ сынъ Леоновъ might be considered a correction of the primary but historically incorrect reading.'{{sfn|Ostrowski|2007|p=275}}

61.21b–22

: {{langx|orv|и ре{{sup|ч}} црь п{{sup|е}}реклюкала мѧ еси ольга. и дасть еи|i rech tsrĭ perekljukala mę esi olĭga. i dastĭ ei|And [the] tsar said: '[You] have fooled me, Olga [nominative].' And [he] gives her|label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=61.21–22}}{{sfn|Butler|2008|p=233}}

: {{langx|orv|и ре{{sup|ч}} переклюкала мѧ еси олго. и вдасть еи|i rech perekljukala mę esi olgo. i vdastĭ ei|And [he] said: '[You] have fooled me, Olga [vocative].' And [he] gave her|label=none}} – Rad{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=61.21–22}}{{sfn|Butler|2008|p=233}}

: {{langx|orv|и рече переклюкала мѧ еси олго. и вдасть еи|i reche perekljukala mę esi olgo. i vdastĭ ei|And [he] said: '[You] have fooled me, Olga [vocative].' And [he] gave her|label=none}} – Aka{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=61.21–22}}{{sfn|Butler|2008|p=233}}

: {{langx|orv|и ре{{sup|ч}} ц{{sup|с}}рь переклюка мѧ олга. и вдасть еи|i reche tssrĭ perekljuka mę olga. i vdastĭ ei|And [the] tsar said: 'Olga [nominative] has fool[ed] me.' And [he] gave her|label=none}} – Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=61.21–22}}{{sfn|Butler|2008|p=233}}

: {{langx|orv|и ре{{sup|ч}} црь переклюка мѧ олга. и вдасть еи|i rech tsrĭ perekljuka mę olga. i|And [the] tsar said: 'Olga [nominative] has fool[ed] me.' And [he] gave her|label=none}} – Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=61.21–22}}{{sfn|Butler|2008|p=233}}

: {{langx|orv|и рече цесарь прѣдстоꙗщимъ ту велможамъ своимъ упремудри мꙗ олга словесы своими бѣ же она мудра словесы цесарь же пакы чемьскыи слышавши глаголы еꙗ дасть еи||And the Tsesar said to his nobles [standing] before him: 'Olga [nominative] has outsmarted me with her words.' For she was wise in words. And the Tsesar, having heard her words, then gave her|label=none}} – Kom{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=61.21–22}}

:: Butler (2008): '[Ostrowski et al. (2003)], lines 61,22, omits "esi" after "Perekliukala" (sometimes with vocative "Ol'go"), which causes some manuscripts to read, "You have fooled, me, Ol'ga."'{{sfn|Butler|2008|p=233}}

62.8–25 Epilogue to Olga's conversion

62.14–18 biblical quotation Proverbs 1:20–22

: {{langx|orv|Премудрость на исходищихъ поеть ся, на путьхъ же дьрзновение водить. На краихъ же забральныхъ проповѣдаеть ся, въ вратѣхъ же градьныхъ дьрзающи глаголеть. Елико бо лѣтъ незълобивии дьржать ся по правьду||Wisdom is celebrated in places of concourse, she lifteth up her voice in the streets; she crieth at the entrance to the walls, at the gates of cities she uttereth speech. For as many years as the just cleave to wisdom, they shall not be ashamed.{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|1953|p=83}}{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=51}}|label=none}} – α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=62.14–18}}

: {{langx|hbo|{{Script/Hebrew|עַד־מָתַ֣י ׀ פְּתָיִם֮ תְּֽאֵהֲב֫וּ פֶ֥תִי וְלֵצִ֗ים לָ֭צֹון חָמְד֣וּ לָהֶ֑ם וּ֝כְסִילִ֗ים יִשְׂנְאוּ־דָֽעַת׃ בְּרֹ֥אשׁ הֹמִיֹּ֗ות תִּ֫קְרָ֥א בְּפִתְחֵ֖י שְׁעָרִ֥ים בָּעִ֗יר אֲמָרֶ֥יהָ תֹאמֵֽר׃ חָ֭כְמֹות בַּח֣וּץ תָּרֹ֑נָּה בָּ֝רְחֹבֹ֗ות תִּתֵּ֥ן קֹולָֽהּ׃}}||Out in the open wisdom calls aloud, she raises her voice in the public square; at noisy street corners she cries out, at the city gate she makes her speech: “How long will you who are simple love your simple ways? How long will mockers delight in mockery and fools hate knowledge?"{{Cite web |title=Proverbs 1 NIV |author= |work=biblehub.com |date=2011 |access-date=16 June 2024 |url= https://biblehub.com/niv/proverbs/1.htm}}|label=none}} – Proverbs 1:20–22 NIV

62.21–22 biblical quotation Proverbs 13:19

: {{langx|orv|Желание благовѣрьныхъ наслажаеть душю||The accomplished desire of the faithful is sweet to the soul.{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|1953|p=83}}|label=none}} – α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=62.21–22}}

: {{langx|hbo|{{Script/Hebrew|תַּאֲוָ֣ה נִ֭הְיָה תֶעֱרַ֣ב לְנָ֑פֶשׁ וְתֹועֲבַ֥ת כְּ֝סִילִ֗ים ס֣וּר מֵרָֽע׃}}||A longing fulfilled is sweet to the soul, but fools detest turning from evil.{{Cite web |title=Proverbs 13 NIV |author= |work=biblehub.com |date=2011 |access-date=16 June 2024 |url= https://biblehub.com/niv/proverbs/13.htm}}|label=none}} – Proverbs 13:19 NIV (KVJ: 'The desire accomplished is sweet to the soul: but it is abomination to fools to depart from evil.'){{Cite web |title=Proverbs 13 KJV |author= |work=biblehub.com |date= |access-date=16 June 2024 |url= https://biblehub.com/kjv/proverbs/13.htm}}

62.22–23 biblical quotation Proverbs 2:2{{sfn|Thuis|2015|pp=50–51}}

62.23–24 biblical quotation Proverbs 8:17{{sfn|Thuis|2015|pp=50–51}}

62.24–25 biblical quotation John 6:37{{sfn|Thuis|2015|pp=50–51}}

63.8–9 biblical quotation 1 Corinthians 1:18{{sfn|Thuis|2015|pp=50–51}}

: {{langx|orv|Невѣрьнымъ бо вѣра хрьстияньска уродьство есть||For to the infidels, the Christian faith is foolishness.{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|1953|p=83}}|label=none}} – α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=63.8–9}}

: {{langx|grc|Ὁ λόγος γὰρ ὁ τοῦ σταυροῦ τοῖς μὲν ἀπολλυμένοις μωρία ἐστίν||For the message of the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing.{{Cite web |title=1 Corinthians 1:18 text analysis |author= |work=biblehub.com |date=2011 |access-date=16 June 2024 |url=https://biblehub.com/text/1_corinthians/1-18.htm}}|label=none}} – 1 Corinthians 1:18 NIV

63.9–11 biblical quotation Psalm 82:5{{sfn|Thuis|2015|pp=50–51}}

: {{langx|orv|Не съмыслиша бо, ни разумѣша въ тьмѣ ходящии, и не вѣдять славы Господьня.||They do not comprehend it, because they walk in darkness and do not see the glory of God.{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|1953|p=83}}|label=none}} – α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=63.9–11}}

: {{langx|hbo|{{Script/Hebrew|לֹ֤א יָֽדְע֨וּ ׀ וְלֹ֥א יָבִ֗ינוּ בַּחֲשֵׁכָ֥ה יִתְהַלָּ֑כוּ יִ֝מֹּ֗וטוּ כָּל־מֹ֥וסְדֵי אָֽרֶץ׃}}||The 'gods' know nothing, they understand nothing. They walk about in darkness; all the foundations of the earth are shaken.{{Cite web |title=Psalm 82 NIV |author= |work=biblehub.com |date=2011 |access-date=16 June 2024 |url= https://biblehub.com/niv/psalms/82.htm}}|label=none}} – Psalm 82:5 NIV

63.13–19 biblical quotation Proverbs 1:24–31{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|1953|p=84}} (or 1:25–30{{sfn|Thuis|2015|pp=51–52}})

63.29–64.1 biblical quotation Exodus 21:17{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|1953|p=83}} (MT; LXX: Exodus 21:16). See also Textual variants in the Book of Exodus § Exodus 21.

: {{langx|orv|Аще къто отьца или матере не послушаеть, съмьртию да умреть.|Ashche kŭto otĭtsa ili matere ne poslushaetĭ, sŭmĭrtiyu da umretĭ.|Whosoever heedeth not his father or his mother shall suffer death.{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|1953|p=83}}{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=52}}|label=none}} – α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=63.29–64.1}}

: {{langx|hbo|{{Script/Hebrew|וּמְקַלֵּ֥ל אָבִ֛יו וְאִמֹּ֖ו מֹ֥ות יוּמָֽת׃ ס}}|ū-mə-qal-lêl ’ā-ḇîw wə-’im-mōw mō-wṯ yū-māṯ. s|And he who curses his father or his mother surely shall be put to death.|label=none}} – Exodus 21:17 NIV{{Cite web |title=Exodus 21:17 Hebrew Text Analysis |author= |work=biblehub.com |date= |access-date=16 June 2024 |url= https://biblehub.com/text/exodus/21-17.htm}}

::Compare Deuteronomy 21:18–21.{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=52}}

65.14–18 Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria (first part)

65.19–67.20 Siege of Kiev (968)

69–73 Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria (second part)

{{See also|Rogneda of Polotsk#Texts}}

{{See also|Slavic paganism#Slavic sources}}

{{See also|Theodore the Varangian and his son John#Text in the Primary Chronicle}}

{{Further|Conversion of Volodimer#According to the Primary Chronicle}}

84.18

: {{langx|cu|бохъмичѣ{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=84.18}}|boxŭmichě|of Mohammedan{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|1953|p=96}} (Islamic)|label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=84.18}}

111.23–24 (NPL 152.10–11)

: {{langx|cu|на браченье.|na brachenĭe|in(to) marriage|label=none}} – Lav Byč Lix{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=111.23–24}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|2007|p=275}}

: {{langx|cu|на ѡброучание:-|na ōbrouchanie:-|in(to) betrothal|label=none}} – Rad{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=111.23–24}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|2007|p=275}}

: {{langx|cu|на ѡбрѹченїе.|na ōbruchenīe.|in(to) betrothal|label=none}} – Aka{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=111.23–24}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|2007|p=275}}

: {{langx|cu|на ѡбручение.|na ōbruchenie.|in(to) betrothal|label=none}} – Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=111.23–24}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|2007|p=275}}

: {{langx|cu|на оброученїе.|na obrouchenīe.|in(to) betrothal|label=none}} – Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=111.23–24}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|2007|p=275}}

: {{langx|cu|на брачение|na brachenie|in(to) marriage|label=none}} – Kom Tol Šax{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=111.23–24}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|2007|p=275}}

: {{langx|cu|на обручение.|na obruchenie.|in(to) betrothal|label=none}} – α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=111.23–24}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|2007|p=275}}

:: Ostrowski (2007): 'Here the expected reading is 'marriage' (брачение) since Volodimir had already been 'betrothed' (обручение) to Anna earlier in the narrative.'{{sfn|Ostrowski|2007|p=275}} Müller (2006) and Gippius (2002) argued that 'marriage' (брачение) was the primary reading, and that 'betrothal' (обручение) had to have been a later corruption in the protograph of Ipa and Kle, which had also contaminated Rad and Aka.{{sfn|Ostrowski|2007|p=276}} Ostrowski countered that 'one may ask why the scribe of [Rad/Aka] would adopt a contextually incorrect reading from the contaminating source to replace a contextually correct reading in his direct source.'{{sfn|Ostrowski|2007|p=276}} Following the lectio difficilior potior principle, Ostrowski asserted 'betrothed' (обручение) as the original text.{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=111.23–24}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|2007|p=275}}

Volodimer' I defeated the Pechenegs on the river Trubizh, and alleged founded Belgorod (Bilhorod Kyivskyi) and Pereyaslavl' (Pereiaslav).

Killing of Boris and aftermath. See also Boris and Gleb.

132.29–133.3 biblical quotation Proverbs 1:16–19

:{{langx|orv|“Скори суть пролияти кръвь бес правды. Събираютъ собѣ зълая ти бо обьщають ся кръви. Сихъ путие суть съконьчавающе безаконие, нечьстиемь бо свою душю емлють”.||Soon they will shed blood without justice. They gather together the wicked, for they share their blood. These ways are the ways of the lawless, for they eat their souls with iniquity.|label=none}} – α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=132.29–133.3}} ("They make haste to shed blood unjustly. For they (133) promise blood, and gather evil. Their path runneth to evil, for they possess their souls in dishonor" (Prov., i, 16-19).'{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|1953|p=126}})

: {{langx|hbo|{{Script/Hebrew|וְ֭הֵם לְדָמָ֣םכֵּ֗ן אָ֭רְחֹות כָּל־בֹּ֣צֵֽעַ בָּ֑צַע אֶת־נֶ֖פֶשׁ בְּעָלָ֣יו יִקָּֽח׃ פ}} (...) {{Script/Hebrew|וְ֭הֵם לְדָמָ֣ם יֶאֱרֹ֑בוּ}} (...) {{Script/Hebrew|כִּ֣י רַ֭גְלֵיהֶם לָרַ֣ע יָר֑וּצוּ וִֽ֝ימַהֲר֗וּ לִשְׁפָּךְ־ דָּֽם׃}} ||for their feet rush into evil, they are swift to shed blood. (...) These men lie in wait for their own blood; they ambush only themselves! Such are the paths of all who go after ill-gotten gain; it takes away the life of those who get it.|label=none}} – Proverbs 1:16–19 NIV (KVJ: 'For their feet run to evil, and make haste to shed blood. (...) And they lay wait for their own blood; they lurk privily for their own lives. So are the ways of every one that is greedy of gain; which taketh away the life of the owners thereof.'{{Cite web |title=Proverbs 1 KJV |author= |work=biblehub.com |date= |access-date=28 December 2024 |url= https://biblehub.com/kjv/proverbs/1.htm}})

: {{langx|grc|οι γαρ πόδες αυτών εις κακίαν τρέχουσι και ταχινοί εισι του εκχέαι αίμα (...) αυτοί γαρ οι φόνου μετέχοντες θησαυρίζουσιν εαυτοίς κακά[.] αύται αι οδοί εισι πάντων των συντελούντων τα άνομα τη γαρ ασεβεία την εαυτών ψυχήν αφαιρούνται||For their feet run to evil, and are quick to pour out blood. (...) For they, the ones partaking in murder, treasure up for themselves evils. These are the ways of all the ones completing the lawless [things]. For by impiety they remove their own life/soul.|label=none}} – Proverbs 1:16–19 LXX ABP{{cite web |title=ΠΑΡΟΙΜΙΑΙ 1 Apostolic Bible Polyglot |website=Bible Hub |url=https://biblehub.com/interlinear/apostolic/proverbs/1.htm |language=el, en |access-date=28 December 2024}}

Killing of Gleb and aftermath. See also Boris and Gleb.

135.1

: {{langx|orv|акъ | хулу имуще{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=135.1}}|akû xulu imuše|as though they have blasphemy{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}|label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=135.1}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}

: {{langx|orv|аки хвалоу имѹще{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=135.1}}|aki xvalou imuše|as though they have praise{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}|label=none}} – Rad,{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=135.1}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}} Aka{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=135.1}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}

: {{langx|orv|аки хвалу имуще{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=135.1}}|aki xvalu imuše|as though they have praise{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}|label=none}} – Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=135.1}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}

: {{langx|orv|акы хвалоу имѧще{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=135.1}}|aky xvalou imęše|as though they have praise{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}|label=none}} – Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=135.1}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}

135.27–136.1 Predslava Volodimerovna informs Yaroslav Volodimerovich, version A.

: {{langx|orv|Въ сеже время пришьла бѣ вѣсть къ Ярославу отъ Передъславы о отьни съмьрти, и посъла Ярославъ къ Глѣбу, глаголя: “Не ходи, отьць ти умьрлъ, а братъ ти убиенъ отъ Святопълка”.{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=135.27–136.1}}||At this moment, Yaroslav received from Predslava the tidings of [their] father's death, and Yaroslav sent [someone] to Gleb, saying: 'Do not set out, your father has died and your brother has been murdered by Svyatopolk."{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|1953|p=128}}{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=108}}|label=none}} – α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=135.27–136.1}}

: {{langx|orv|в се же времѧ пришла бѣ вѣсть ѿ передьславы кь ꙗрославу ѡ от҃ни смр҃ти. и посла ꙗрославъ кь глѣбу гл҃ѧ не ходи ѡц҃ь ти оум҃рлъ. а братъ ти оубитъ ѿ с҃тополка.||At this moment, from Pered'slava Yaroslav received the tidings of [their] father's death, and Yaroslav sent [someone] to Glěb, saying: 'Do not set out, your father has died and your brother has been murdered by Svyatopolk."|label=none}} – Ipa Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=135.27–136.1}}

:Compare Novgorod First Chronicle Younger Redaction (NPL ml):

:: {{langx|orv|В се же время пришла бЂ вЂсть къ Ярославу от Передславы о отни смерти, и посла Ярославъ къ ГлЂбу, глаголя: «отець ти умерлъ. а брат ти убиенъ от Святополка».||At the same time there came news to Yaroslav from Peredslava about [their] father's death, and Yaroslav sent [someone] to Glěb, saying: "Your father has died, and your brother has been killed by Svyatopolk."|label=none}} – NPL ml{{sfn|Izbornyk|2001|pp=172–173}}

140.25–141.1 Predslava Volodimerovna informs Yaroslav Volodimerovich, version B.

: {{langx|orv|Въ туже нощь приде ему вѣсть ис Кыева отъ сестры его Передъславы: “Отьць ти умьрлъ, а Святопълкъ сѣдить въ Кыевѣ, убивъ Бориса, а на Глѣба посъла; а блюди ся сего повелику”.{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=140.25–141.1}}||The same night news came from Kiev sent by his sister Predslava: "Your father has died and Svyatopolk settled in Kiev. He has killed Boris, and has sent [men] against Gleb. Be exceedingly on your guard against him."{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|1953|p=131}}{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=112}}|label=none}} – α Lav Aka{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=140.25–141.1}}

: {{langx|orv|в ту же нощь приде ему вѣсть ис кыева. ѿ сестры его передьславы ѡц҃ь ти оумерлъ а ст҃ополкъ сѣдить в киевѣ. пославъ оуби бориса и глѣба. а ты блюдисѧ сего повелику||The same night news came from Kyevŭ sent by his sister Pered'slava: "Your father has died and Svyatopolk settled in Kyevŭ, having sent [men] to kill Boris and Glěb. Be exceedingly on your guard against him."|label=none}} – Ipa Xle Rad{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=140.25–141.1}}

Battle of Liubech (1016) between Sviatopolk I of Kiev and Yaroslav I of Kiev.

File:Novgorod First Chronicle, Synod manuscript 01.jpg Synodal manuscript (NPL St.) starts in the middle of a sentence about the Battle of Liubech. The preceding folios have been lost.]]

142.16–18

: {{langx|orv|И въступиша на ледъ, и одолати нача Ярославъ. Видѣвъ же Святопълкъ, побеже, и одолѣ Ярославъ.{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=142.16–18}}||And when they went onto the ice, Iaroslav began obtaining the advantage. Seeing this, Sviatopolk fled and Iaroslav won.{{sfn|Ostrowski|2006|p=305}}|label=none}} – Rad Aka Ipat α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=142.16–18}}

: {{langx|orv|и въступиша на ледъ. | и ѡбломисѧ с ними ледъ. и ѡ|далати нача ꙗрославъ. [lacuna]{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=142.16–18}}||And they went onto the ice, and the ice weakened under them. And Iaroslav began obtaining the advantage.{{sfn|Ostrowski|2006|p=305}} [lacuna]{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=142.16–18}}|label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=142.16–18}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|2006|p=305}}

: {{langx|orv|и въстоупиша на ле{{sup|д}}, и обломисѧ ле{{sup|д}} с вои ст҃опо{{sup|л}}чи | и мнѡѕи потопоша въ вода{{sup|х}}. и ѡдолѧти нача ꙗро|славь. видѣв же ст҃ополкь побѣже. и ѡдолѣ ꙗро|славь.{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=142.16–18}}||And they went onto the ice, and the ice weakened under Sviatopolk's soldiers and many drowned in the waters. Iaroslav began obtaining the advantage. Seeing this, Sviatopolk fled and Iaroslav won.{{sfn|Ostrowski|2006|pp=305–306}}|label=none}} – Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=142.16–18}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|2006|pp=305–306}}

142.19

: {{langx|orv|Святопълкъ же бѣжа въ Ляхы, Ярославъ же||But Sviatopolĭkŭ fled to Lyakh [Poland], but Yaroslavŭ|label=none}} – all PVL mss. and editions{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=142.19}}{{sfn|Müller|2005|pp=258–259}}

: {{langx|orv|И бЂжя Святопълкъ въ ПечЂнЂгы, а Ярослав||And Sviatopolĭkŭ fled to the Pechěněgs, but Yaroslav|label=none}} – NPL st.{{sfn|Izbornyk|2001|loc=NPL st. 15}}{{sfn|Müller|2005|pp=258–259}}

: {{langx|orv|И бЂжа Святополкъ в ПеченЂгы, и бысть межи Чахы и Ляхы, никим же гонимъ пропаде оканныи, и тако злЂ живот свои сконча; яже дымъ и до сего дни есть; а Ярославъ||And Sviatopolĭkŭ fled to the Pecheněgs, and he was between the Czechs [Bohemians] and the Lyakhs [Poles], and being chased by no one, the accursed ended his life in an evil way; and there is still stench from it to this day; but Yaroslavŭ|label=none}} – NPL ml.{{sfn|Izbornyk|2001|loc=NPL ml. 175}}{{sfn|Müller|2005|pp=258–259}}

::Compare PVL 144.28–145.20

142.19–20

: {{langx|orv|Ярославъ же сѣде Кыевѣ на столѣ отьни.||But Yaroslavŭ settled in Kyevŭ upon [the] throne of [his] father.|label=none}} – Rad Aka Ipat Xle α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=142.19–20}}{{sfn|Müller|2005|p=259}}

: {{langx|orv|ꙗрославъ же сѣде кыевѣ на столѣ ѡтьни и дѣдни||But Jaroslavŭ settled in Kyevŭ upon [the] throne of [his] father and grandfather.|label=none}} – Lav Byč Šax Lix{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=142.19–20}}{{sfn|Müller|2005|p=259}}

: {{langx|orv|а Ярослав иде Кыеву, и сЂде на столЂ отця своего Володимира.||But Yaroslav went [to] Kyevu, and settled on [the] throne of his father Volodimer'.|label=none}} – NPL st. NPL. ml. (Ярославъ иде къ){{sfn|Izbornyk|2001|loc=NPL st. 15}}{{sfn|Müller|2005|p=259}}

{{See also|Bolesław I's intervention in the Kievan succession crisis}}

{{See also|Battle of Listven}}

151.19

: {{langx|orv|городъ|gorodŭ{{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=253}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=151.19}}|citadel{{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=254}}|label=none}} – Lav Ipa Xle (горѡд) Byč Lix{{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=253}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=151.19}}

: {{langx|orv|градъ|gradŭ{{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=253}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=151.19}}|citadel{{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=254}}|label=none}} – Rad Aka (град) Šax α{{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=253}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=151.19}}

151.20

: {{langx|orv|кыи|kyi{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=151.20}}|at Kyiv{{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=254}}|label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=151.20}}

: {{langx|orv|кыевъ|kyevŭ{{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=253}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=151.20}}|at Kyev{{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=254}}|label=none}} – Ipa Xle Byč{{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=253}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=151.20}}

: omitted – Rad Aka Šax Lix α{{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=253}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=151.19}}

151.21

: {{langx|orv|црк҃вь | ст҃ыꙗ. соѳьꙗ митрополью.{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=151.21}}||the metropolitan Church of St. Sophia{{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=254}}|label=none}} – Lav Aka{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=151.21}}{{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=254}}

: {{langx|orv|црк҃вь ст҃ыа софиа. и митрополью.{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=151.21}}||the church of St. Sophia. And (the) metropolitan [church].{{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=254}}|label=none}} – Rad{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=151.21}}{{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=254}}

: {{langx|orv|црк҃вь. ст҃ыꙗ | софьꙗ. премудрость б҃ию | митрополью.{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=151.21}}||the metropolitan Church of St. Sophia of divine wisdom{{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=254}}|label=none}} – Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=151.21}}{{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=254}}

: {{langx|orv|цр҃ковъ премѫдрѡс бж҃їю ст҃ыи соѳеи, митрополїю{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=151.21}}||the church of divine wisdom Saint Sophei, the metropolitan (one){{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=254}}|label=none}} – Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=151.21}}{{sfn|Lunt|1988|p=254}}

152.20

: {{langx|orv|симонъ{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=152.20}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}|Simonŭ|Simon{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}|label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=152.20}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}

: {{langx|orv|соломонъ{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=152.20}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}|Solomonŭ|Solomon{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}|label=none}} – Aka,{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=152.20}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}} Ipa,{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=152.20}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}} Rad (соломнъ),{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=152.20}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}} Xle (солѡмонъ){{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=152.20}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}} Byč,{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=152.20}} Šax,{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=152.20}} Lix,{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=152.20}} α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=152.20}}

The so-called Testament of Yaroslav the Wise.

161.18

: {{langx|orv|переꙗславль. а вѧчеславу|pereyaslavl'. A vęcheslavu|...Pereyaslavl'. To Vyacheslav...|label=none}} – Lav Ipa Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=161.18}}

: {{langx|orv|Переяславль, а Вячеславу|Pereyaslavl', a Vyacheslavu|...Pereyaslavl', to Vyacheslav...|label=none}} – Šax α{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=161.18}}

: {{langx|orv|переꙗславль. а вечславѹ|pereyaslavl'. A vechslavu|...Pereyaslavl'. To Vechslav...|label=none}} – Rad{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=161.18}}

: {{langx|orv|переꙗславль. [а игорю воломеръ] а вечславѹ |pereyaslavl'. [a igoryu volomerŭ] a vechslavu|...Pereyaslavl'. [To Igor Volomerŭ] to Vechslav...|label=none}} – Aka{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=161.18}}

: {{langx|orv|переꙗславль а игореви володимирь а вꙗчеславу |pereyaslavl' a igorevi volodimirĭ a vyacheslavu|...Pereyaslavl' to Igorevi Volodimirĭ to Vyacheslav...|label=none}} – Kom{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=161.18}}

: {{langx|orv|переꙗславль а игореви володимиръ а вꙗчеву |pereyaslavl' a igorevi volodimirŭ a vyacheslavu|...Pereyaslavl' to Igorevi Volodimirŭ to Vyachev...|label=none}} – NAk Tol{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=161.18}}

: {{langx|orv|Переяславль, а Игорю Володимеръ, а Вячеславу |Pereyaslavl', a Igoryu Volodimerŭ, a Vyacheslavu|...Pereyaslavl', to Igor Volodimerŭ, to Vyacheslav...|label=none}} – Byč Lix{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=161.18}}

:: It is not clear why 'to Igor[evi] Volo[di]merŭ' is found in relatively late copies, but not in the earliest copies. It could represent a harmonisation effort with 162.12–13 and 162.21–22, where all witnesses attest that 'Igor' [settled] in Volodimerŭ', and that when Vyacheslav died in Smolensk shortly thereafter, 'Igor' settled in Smolinĭskě, moving over from Volodimerŭ'.{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=162.12–13; 162.21–22}} The Igor' in question is probably Igor Yaroslavich, who reportedly died sub anno 1060{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|1953|p=142}}{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=128}} (162.28{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=162.28}}). Cross & Sherbowitz-Wetzor (1953) and Thuis (2015) both included the city as Vladimir in their translations, footnoting it as "Vladimir-Volÿnsk" and "city in Volhynia" respectively (ergo, modern Volodymyr, Volyn Oblast), without further explanation.{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|1953|pp=142, 263}}{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=128}}

{{See also|Kiev uprising of 1068}}

215.27–218.5 Eulogy of Vsevolod Yaroslavich I of Kiev. Accession of Sviatopolk Iziaslavich II of Kiev (with prominent role for Vladimir II Monomakh).

218.6–226.3 Cuman (Polovtsi) invasion of Rus' (1093). See also Siege of Torchesk and Battle of the Stuhna River.

218.20–21

: {{langx|orv|имѣю отрокъ своих· ѱ҃· иже могу|ть про[ти]ву имъ стати·{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=218.20–21}}|iměju otrokŭ svoix· ps· iže mogu tĭ pro[ti]vu imŭ stati·|I have about 700 of my men who can stand against them.{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=19}}|label=none}} – Lav,{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=218.20–21}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=19}} Bychkov,{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=19}} Karski,{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=19}} Likhachev{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=19}}

: {{langx|orv|имѣю ѿрокъ своих· ѿ иже могѹ|ть имъ противоу стать.{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=218.20–21}}|iměju ōtrokŭ svoix· ō iže mogu tĭ imŭ protivou statĭ.|I have about 800 of my men who can stand against them.{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=19}}|label=none}} – Rad{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=218.20–21}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=19}}

: {{langx|orv|имѣꙗ ѡтрокъ своих| ·ѿ· иже могѹть имь противѹ стати·{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=218.20–21}}|iměja ōtrokŭ svoix ·ō· iže mogutĭ imŭ protivu stati.|I have about 800 of my men who can stand against them.{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=19}}|label=none}} – Aka{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=218.20–21}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=19}}

: {{langx|orv|имѣю ѡтро|къ своихъ· ·и҃·сот· иже мо|гуть [имъ] противу имъ ста|ти·{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=218.20–21}}|iměju ōtrokŭ svoixŭ· ·i·sot· iže mogutĭ [imŭ] protivu sta ti |I have about 8 hundred of my men who can stand against them{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=19}}|label=none}} – Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=218.20–21}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=19}}

: {{langx|orv|имѣю | отрѡк своих. ѡсмь сот. иже могоут противоу им сттаи.{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=218.20–21}}|iměju otrōk svoix. vos[e]mŭ sot. iže mogout protivou im sttai.|I have about eight hundred of my men who can stand against them{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=19}}|label=none}} – Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=218.20–21}}{{sfn|Ostrowski|1981|p=19}}

226.3–255 Chernigov war of succession (1093–1097). See also Oleg I of Chernigov#Chernigov war of succession.

235.20

: {{langx|orv|меѳоди папа римскыи·{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=235.20}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}|Methodi papa Rimskyi·|Methodius the Pope of Rome{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}|label=none}} – Lav{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=235.20}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}

: {{langx|orv|мефодїи патариискы·̏и·{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=235.20}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}|Methodïi Patariiskyi|Methodius of Patara{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}|label=none}} – Aka{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=235.20}}{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}

: {{langx|orv|меѳдии патариискыи{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=235.20}}|Methdii Patariiskyi|Methdius of Patara{{sfn|Lunt|1994|p=22}}|label=none}} – Rad{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=235.20}}

256–257.13. {{See also|Council of Liubech}}

257.13–263.17 The blinding of Vasilko Rostislavich.

263.17–273.16 Internecine war in Rus' 1097–1100.

273.16–274.22 Council of Uvetichi ({{circa}} 1100).

1101–1102. Dynastic challenges to Sviatopolk II Iziaslavich of Kiev by Yaroslav Yaropolkich of Brest (?) and Mstislav Volodimerovich of Novgorod. Peace with Polovtsi.

{{Further|Council of Dolobsk}}

1103 campaign against the Polovtsi (Cumans) by Sviatopolk II Iziaslavich of Kiev and Vladimir II Monomakh. Battle of the Sutin River.

:Compare the strikingly similar narrative of the 1111 campaign against the Polovtsi by Sviatopolk II and Monomakh in the Hypatian Codex лл.99–100.{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=208}}

1104: various dynastic events, siege of Minsk, signs in sky.

1105–1107: various dynastic events, Semigallians defeat Vseslavichi.

1107–1108: Polovtsi raid by Boniak. Peace treaty.

282.25–283.3. See also Aepa.

: {{langx|orv|томьж лѣт мцса тогож иде володимеръ и двд҃ъ и ѡлегъ къ аепѣ и другому аепѣ· и створиша миръ· и поꙗ володимеръ за юргѧ· аепину дщерь· ѡсеневу внуку· а ѡлегъ поꙗ за сн҃а· аепину дчерь· гиргеневу внуку· мцса· генвр ·в҃і· дн҃ь·:·{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=282.25–283.3}}||That same year, in [the] same month, Volodimer' and D[a]v[i]d' and Ōleg' went to Ayepě and [the] other Ayepě. And [they] made peace. And Volodimer' took [as a wife] for Yurgę Aepa's (Aepinu's) daughter, Osen(ev)'s granddaughter, and Ōleg' took [as a wife] for [his] son Aepa's (Aepinu's) daughter, Girgen(ev)'s granddaughter, on [the] 12th day of [the] month of January.|label=none}} – Lav

: {{langx|orv|томъже лѣтѣ тогоже мцса иде володимеръ и двд҃ъ и ѡлегъ к аꙗпѣ· и другому аепѣ· и створиша миръ· и поꙗ володимеръ за гергиꙗ епиѡпину дщерь· ѧсѣну внука· а ѡлегъ поꙗ [ ] акаепиду дщерь ꙗневу внуку· мцса генварѧ· во вторы на ·і҃· дн҃ь·{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=282.25–283.3}}||That same year, in [the] same month, Volodimer' and D[a]v[i]d' and Ōleg' went to Ajapě and [the] other Aepě. And [they] made peace. And Volodimer' took [as a wife] for Gergija Epiōpa's (Epiōpinu's) daughter, Ęsěn(u)'s granddaughter, and Ōleg' took [as a wife] [space left blank] Akaepa's (Akaepidu's) daughter, Janev's (Janevu's) granddaughter, on [the] twelfth day of [the] month of January.|label=none}} – Ipat

1108–1109: Sviatopolk II Iziaslavich of Kiev orders construction of various church buildings.

1109–1110: Rus' campaign against Polovtsi. Signs in sky at Kyiv Pechersk Lavra, including lightning, pillars of fire and cloud, and an angelic apparation.

286.1–7 Only in Lav, Rad and Aka: colophon of Sylvester of Kiev (1116).

286.7a–7pp Only in Ipa and Xle: Primary Chronicle continuation of the Hypatian Codex and Khlebnikov Codex (1110–1117).

286.7nn

:{{langx|orv|ꙗкоже рече к моисѣеві· се англ҃ъ мои прѣды поидеть предъ лицемъ твоимъ·|||label=none}} – Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=286.7nn}}

:{{langx|orv|ꙗкоже реч к моѵ·̏сееви. се аг҃глъ мои предидет прде лицем твоим.|||label=none}} – Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=286.7nn}}

:{{langx|orv|ӕкоже рече к Моисѣевı. се анг҃лъ мои прѣдыпоидеть предъ лицемъ твоимъ.|||label=none}} – Šax 1908{{sfn|Shakhmatov|1908|loc=л.99}}

286.7oo

:{{langx|orv|ꙗкоже рекохомъ прѣже зьнаменье се быс· мцса февралѧ·|||label=none}} – Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=286.7oo}}

:{{langx|orv|ꙗкож рекохѡм прежед. знаменїе се быс. мцса феврал.|||label=none}} – Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=286.7oo}}

:{{langx|orv|ӕкоже рекохомъ прѣже зьнаменье се быс̑ . мс̑ца февралѧ .|||label=none}} – Šax 1908{{sfn|Shakhmatov|1908|loc=л.99}}

286.7pp

:{{langx|orv|въ ·а҃і· дн҃ь· исходѧще сему лѣту· и҃і·:·-|||label=none}} – Ipa{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=286.7pp}}

:{{langx|orv|въ а҃і. дн҃ь.|||label=none}} – Xle{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=286.7pp}}

:{{langx|orv|въ . а҃ı . дн҃ь . исходѧще сему лѣту. и҃ı |||label=none}} – Šax 1908{{sfn|Shakhmatov|1908|loc=л.99}}

The Hypatian Codex continuation of the Primary Chronicle (PVL) from the year 6619 (1111) compared to other closely related documents, such as the Suzdalian Chronicle and the Testament of Vladimir Monomakh in the Laurentian Codex, and the Novgorod First Chronicle.

;1111 campaign against the Polovtsi

:Lav (Suzdalian Chronicle) л.96: {{langx|orv|В лѣт̑ . ҂s҃ . х҃ . ѳı҃ . Идоша веснѣ на Половцѣ Ст҃ополкъ Володимеръ Дв҃дъ и дошедше Воинѧ и воротишасѧ.||In the year 6619 (1111) in the spring, Sviatopolk, Volodimer' and Davyd went to the Polovtsi and the warriors arrived and returned.|label=none}}{{sfn|PSRL|1926|loc=л.96}}

:Ipa лл.99–100: Extensive narrative; see Council of Dolobsk § Council of Dolobsk of 1111 in the Hypatian Codex and Battle of the Salnitsa river.{{sfn|Thuis|2015|pp=208–211}}

;Monomakh's 1113 campaign against the Polovtsi

:Lav (Monomakh's Testament): (omitted)

:Ipa л.102об: {{langx|orv|слышавше же Половцѣ смерть Ст҃ополчю|slȳshavshe zhe Polovtsě smertĭ S[via]topolchyu|When the Polovtsi heard of Sviatopolk's death,{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=216}}|label=none}}

:Lav (Monomakh's Testament) 250.20–21a: {{langx|orv|к выреви бѧху пришли аепа и бонѧкъ· хот{{sup|ѣ}}ша взѧти{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=250.20–21}}|k vȳrevi bęlhu prishli aepa i bonękŭ, khotěsha vzęti|Aepa and Bonyak had approached Vÿr', wanting to take it.{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|1953|p=214}}|label=none}}

:Ipa л.102об: {{langx|orv|и съвокупившесѧ и придоша къ Выры|i sŭvokupivshesę i pridosha kŭ Vȳrȳ|they gathered and marched on Vyr.{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=216}}|label=none}}

:Lav (Monomakh's Testament) 250.21b–22a: {{langx|orv|и ко ромну идох со ѡлгомь и з дѣтми на нь·{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=250.21}}||I advanced to meet them as far as Romnÿ with Oleg and my children.{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|1953|p=214}}|label=none}}

:Ipa л.102об: {{langx|orv|Володимеръ же совокупивъ сн҃ы свои и сыновцѣ. иде къ Выру. и совокуписѧ съ Ѡлгомъ.||But Volodimerŭ, having gathered his sons and cousins/nephews, advanced to Vyr and joined [his forces] with Oleg's.{{sfn|Thuis|2015|pp=216–217}}|label=none}}

:Lav (Monomakh's Testament) 250.22b: {{langx|orv|и ѡни ѡчитивше бѣжаша·{{sfn|Ostrowski|Birnbaum|2014|loc=250.22}}||And [when] they noticed, they fled.{{sfn|Cross|Sherbowitz-Wetzor|1953|p=214}}|label=none}}

:Ipa л.102об: {{langx|orv|Половцѣ же бѣжаша.||[The] Polovtsi fled.{{sfn|Thuis|2015|p=217}}|label=none}}

• Rus' chronicle § List of Rus' chronicles
• Textual criticism of the Primary Chronicle
• Textual variants in the Hebrew Bible
• Textual variants in the New Testament

{{Notelist}}

{{Reflist}}

• {{Cite book |last1= |first1= |authorlink1= |date= |title=Complete Collection of Rus' Chronicles (PSRL) |url= |location=Saint Petersburg |publisher=Typography of Edward Prats |pages= }}
• {{Cite book |last1=Shakhmatov |first1=Aleksey |authorlink1=Aleksey Shakhmatov |date=1908 |title=Лѣтопись По Ипатьевскому Списку |trans-title=The Chronicle according to the Hypatian Codex |series=Complete Collection of Rus' Chronicles (PSRL). |volume=2 |url=http://litopys.org.ua/ipatlet/ipat01.htm |location=Saint Petersburg |publisher=Typography of Edward Prats |pages= |lang=cu}}
• {{Cite book |author=PSRL |url=http://litopys.org.ua/lavrlet/lavr.htm |title=Лаврентьевская летопись |trans-title=Laurentian Chronicle |series=Complete Collection of Rus' Chronicles (PSRL) |volume=1 |publisher=USSR Academy of Sciences Publishing House |place=Leningrad |date=1926–1928 |lang=cu}}
• {{Cite book |last1=Cross |first1=Samuel Hazzard |last2=Sherbowitz-Wetzor |first2=Olgerd P. |date=1953 |orig-year=1930 |title=The Russian Primary Chronicle, Laurentian Text. Translated and edited by Samuel Hazzard Cross and Olgerd P. Sherbowitz-Wetzor |url=https://www.mgh-bibliothek.de/dokumente/a/a011458.pdf |location=Cambridge, Massachusetts |publisher=The Mediaeval Academy of America |pages=325 |isbn= |access-date=26 January 2023}}
• {{Cite book |last1=Cross |first1=Samuel Hazzard |last2=Sherbowitz-Wetzor |first2=Olgerd P. |orig-year=1953 |title=SLA 218. Ukrainian Literature and Culture. Excerpts from The Rus' Primary Chronicle (Povest vremennykh let, PVL) |publisher=Electronic Library of Ukrainian Literature, University of Toronto |date=2013 |url=http://sites.utoronto.ca/elul/English/218/PVL-selections.pdf |location=Toronto |pages=16 |access-date=26 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140530225833/http://www.utoronto.ca/elul/English/218/PVL-selections.pdf |archive-date=30 May 2014}}
• {{Cite journal |last1=Gorsky |first1=A. A. |date=2012 |title=Приглашение Рюрика на княжение в памятниках древнерусского начального летописания |trans-title=Rurik's invitation to reign in the records of the old Rus' Primary Chronicle |url=https://runivers.ru/bookreader/book456615/#page/19/mode/1up |journal=Исторический вестник (Historical Messenger) |publisher=Runivers |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=6–23 |doi= |access-date=5 May 2023 |language=ru}} ([https://runivers.ru/doc/historical-journal/article/?JOURNAL=&ID=457384 web text])
• {{cite book | editor-first = Donald | editor-last = Ostrowski | url = http://hudce7.harvard.edu/~ostrowski/pvl/ | title=The Povest' vremennykh let: An Interlinear Collation and Paradosis. 3 volumes. |date=2003 |location=Cambridge, MA |publisher=Harvard University Press |language=ru, en | access-date = 2002-03-23 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20050309022812/http://hudce7.harvard.edu/~ostrowski/pvl/ | archive-date = 2005-03-09 | url-status = dead }} (assoc. ed. David J. Birnbaum (Harvard Library of Early Ukrainian Literature, vol. 10, parts 1–3)) – This 2003 Ostrowski et al. edition includes an interlinear collation including the five main manuscript witnesses, the Trinity Chronicle (as far as can reliably reconstructed), three manuscripts of the Novgorod First Chronicle, as well as a new paradosis ("a proposed best reading").
• {{Cite web |url=http://pvl.obdurodon.org/pvl.html |title=Rus' primary chronicle critical edition – Interlinear line-level collation |last1=Ostrowski |first1=Donald |last2=Birnbaum |first2=David J. |work=pvl.obdurodon.org |date=7 December 2014 |access-date=5 May 2023 |language=cu}} (digitised and improved online version of Ostrowski et al. 2003).
• {{Cite web |url=http://litopys.org.ua/novglet/novg.htm |title=Новгородская Первая Летопись |trans-title=Novgorod First Chronicle |author=Izbornyk |work=Izbornyk |publisher=Nauka |date=2001 |access-date=15 May 2023 |language=cu}} – digitised 1950 Nauka edition of the Novgorod First Chronicle (NPL), including both the Synodal (Synodalnyy) or "Older Edition" (Starshego Izvoda, St.) and the mid-15th-century Archaeographic Commission's edition (Komissionnyy) or "Younger Edition" (Mladshego Izvoda, Ml.)
• {{Cite book |last=Thuis |first=Hans |date=2015 |title=Nestorkroniek. De oudste geschiedenis van het Kievse Rijk |trans-title=Nestor Chronicle: the oldest history of the Kievan Realm |url=https://www.vantilt.nl/boeken/nestorkroniek/ |location=Nijmegen |publisher=Uitgeverij Vantilt |pages=304 |isbn=9789460042287 |language=nl}}

• {{cite journal |last=Butler |first=Francis |title=Ol'Ga's Conversion and the Construction of Chronicle Narrative |journal=The Russian Review |publisher=Wiley |volume=67 |issue=2 |year=2008 |issn=00360341 |jstor=20620746 |pages=230–242 |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/20620746}}
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• {{Cite journal |last1=Gippius |first1=Alexey A. |date=2014 |title=Reconstructing the original of the Povesť vremennyx let: a contribution to the debate |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43945126 |journal=Russian Linguistics |publisher=Springer |volume=38 |issue=3 |pages=341–366 |doi= |access-date=17 May 2023}}
• {{Cite journal |last1=Lunt |first1=Horace G. |authorlink1=Horace Lunt

|date=Summer 1988 |title=On Interpreting the Russian Primary Chronicle: The Year 1037 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/308891 |journal=The Slavic and East European Journal |publisher= |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=251–264 |doi= |access-date=6 May 2023}}

• {{Cite journal |last1=Lunt |first1=Horace G. |authorlink1=Horace Lunt |date=June 1994 |title=Lexical Variation in the Copies of the Rus' "Primary Chronicle": Some Methodological Problems |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41036551 |journal=Ukrainian Philology and Linguistics |publisher=Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute |volume=18 |issue=1–2 |pages=10–28 |doi= |access-date=5 May 2023}}
• {{cite journal |last=Lunt |first=Horace G. |title=What the Rus' Primary Chronicle Tells Us about the Origin of the Slavs and of Slavic Writing |journal=Harvard Ukrainian Studies |publisher=Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute |volume=19 |year=1995 |issn=0363-5570 |jstor=41037009 |pages=335–357 |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/41037009}}
• {{cite journal |last=Müller |first=Ludolf |title=Studien zur altrussischen Legende der Heiligen Boris und Gleb (6): III. Die Quellen der Chronikerzählung: 2. Die Erzählung über die Schlacht bei Ljubeč |journal=Zeitschrift für Slavische Philologie |publisher=Universitätsverlag WINTER Gmbh |volume=64 |issue=2 |year=2005 |issn=00443492 |jstor=24003950 |pages=245–278 |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/24003950 |access-date=1 January 2025 |lang=de}}
• {{Cite journal |last=Ostrowski |first=Donald |date=March 1981 |title=Textual Criticism and the Povest' vremennykh let: Some Theoretical Considerations |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41035890 |journal=Harvard Ukrainian Studies |publisher=Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=11–31 |doi= |access-date=6 May 2023}}
• {{cite journal |last=Ostrowski |first=Donald |authorlink=Donald Ostrowski |title=Alexander Nevskii's 'Battle on the Ice': The Creation of a Legend |journal=Russian History/Histoire Russe |publisher=Brill |volume=33 |issue=2/4 |year=2006 |issn=0094-288X |jstor=24664446 |pages=289–312 |doi=10.1163/187633106X00186 |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/24664446|url-access=subscription }}
• {{cite journal |last=Ostrowski |first=Donald |title=The Načal'Nyj Svod Theory and the Povest Vremennyx Let |journal=Russian Linguistics |publisher=Springer |volume=31 |issue=3 |year=2007 |issn=0304-3487 |jstor=40221289 |pages=269–308 |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/40221289 |access-date=29 May 2024}}
• {{cite book |title=The Origins of the Slavic Nations: Premodern Identities in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus |last=Plokhy |first=Serhii |year=2006 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=New York |isbn=978-0-521-86403-9 |pages=378 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pCdUmCWxwJ8C}}

• {{Cite journal |last=Isoaho |first=Mari |authorlink=Mari Isoaho |date=2018 |title=Shakhmatov's Legacy and the Chronicles of Kievan Rus' |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/701570/pdf |journal=Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History |publisher=Slavica Publishers |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=637–648 |doi=10.1353/kri.2018.0033 |access-date=25 September 2022|url-access=subscription }}
• Inés García de la Puente, [https://www.academia.edu/98433268/Ruthenica_Journal_of_East_European_History_and_Archeology_17_2022 "Beyond the Sea: On the Use of за море in the Primary Chronicle"]. Ruthenica. 16. 28–36. 2022.

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Textual variants in the Primary Chronicle}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Textual variants in the Primary Chronicle}}

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Category:Old East Slavic manuscripts

Category:Old East Slavic chronicles

Category:Old Church Slavonic literature