Thunnosauria

{{Short description|Extinct clade of reptiles}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| name = Thunnosaurians

| fossil_range = Early Jurassic-Late Cretaceous, {{fossil_range|199.6|93.5}}

| image = Ichthyosaurus breviceps 2.jpg

| image_caption = Ichthyosaurus breviceps fossil

| taxon = Thunnosauria

| authority = Motani, 1999

| subdivision_ranks = Subgroups

| subdivision =

}}

Thunnosauria (Greek for "tuna lizard" – thunnos meaning "tuna" and sauros meaning "lizard") is an extinct clade of parvipelvian ichthyosaurs from the Early Jurassic to the early Late Cretaceous (HettangianCenomanian) of Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. Named by Ryosuke Motani in 1999, it contains the basal taxa Ichthyosaurus and Stenopterygius and the family Ophthalmosauridae. In thunnosaurs, the fore fin is at least twice as long as the hind fin.{{cite journal |author=Ryosuke Motani |year=1999 |title=Phylogeny of the Ichthyopterygia |url=http://mygeologypage.ucdavis.edu/motani/pdf/Motani1999c.pdf |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=472–495 | doi = 10.1080/02724634.1999.10011160 |bibcode=1999JVPal..19..473M }}{{cite journal |author=Michael W. Maisch |author2=Andreas T. Matzke |name-list-style=amp |year=2000 |title=The Ichthyosauria |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/278993#page/351/mode/1up |journal=Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde |series=Serie B |volume=298 |pages=1–159 }}

Phylogeny

Thunnosauria is a node-based taxon defined in 1999 as "the last common ancestor of Ichthyosaurus communis and Stenopterygius quadriscissus and all of its descendants". The cladogram below follows the topology from a 2010 analysis by Patrick S. Druckenmiller and Erin E. Maxwell.{{cite journal |author=Patrick S. Druckenmiller |author2=Erin E. Maxwell |name-list-style=amp |year=2010 |title=A new Lower Cretaceous (lower Albian) ichthyosaur genus from the Clearwater Formation, Alberta, Canada |journal=Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences |volume=47 |issue=8 |pages=1037–1053 |doi=10.1139/E10-028 |bibcode=2010CaJES..47.1037D |url=https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/10.1139/E10-028 }}

{{clade| style=font-size:100%;line-height:85%

|label1=Thunnosauria

|1={{clade

|1=Ichthyosaurus 50 px

|2={{clade

|1=Stenopterygius 50 px

|2={{clade

|1="Ophthalmosaurus" natans

|label2=Ophthalmosauridae

|2={{clade

|1={{clade

|1=Aegirosaurus

|2=Ophthalmosaurus 50 px}}

|2={{clade

|1=Mollesaurus

|2={{clade

|1=Athabascasaurus

|2={{clade

|1=Brachypterygius

|2={{clade

|1=Arthropterygius

|2=Caypullisaurus

|3="Platypterygius" hercynicus

|4="Platypterygius" australis

|5=Platypterygius

|6={{clade

|1=Maiaspondylus

|2="Platypterygius" americanus }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}

References

{{Reflist}}

{{Portal|Paleontology}}

{{Ichthyosauria|Parvipelvia}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q3281279}}

Category:Hettangian first appearances

Category:Ichthyosauria

Category:Turonian extinctions

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