Toaplan
{{Short description|Japanese video game developer}}
{{Expand Japanese|topic=vg|東亜プラン|date=October 2011}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Toaplan Co., Ltd.
| logo = File:Toaplan logo.svg
| logo_size = 120px
| trade_name = Toaplan
| native_name = 株式会社東亜プラン
| native_name_lang = ja
| romanized_name = Kabushiki gaisha Tōapuran
| type = Kabushiki gaisha
| industry = Video games
| fate = Bankruptcy
| founded = {{start date and age|April 1979}}
| founder = Kiyoshi Motoyoshi
| defunct = {{start date and age|March 1994}}
| hq_location = Shimizu, Suginami, Tokyo
| area_served = Japan
| key_people = {{Unbulleted list
| Taizo Hayashi (president)
| Yoshiyuki Kiyomoto (CEO)
}}
| products = Video games
}}
{{nihongo foot|Toaplan Co., Ltd.|株式会社東亜プラン|Kabushiki gaisha Tōapuran|lead=yes|group=lower-alpha}} was a Japanese video game developer based in Tokyo. It was best known for its catalogue of scrolling shooters and other arcade video games. The company was founded in 1979 but its gaming division was established in 1984 by former Orca and Crux employees, who wanted to make games, after both companies declared bankruptcy. Their first shoot 'em up game, Tiger-Heli (1985) on arcades, was a success and helped establish Toaplan as a leading producer of shooting games throughout the 1980s and 1990s that would continue to characterize their output.
Though initially exclusive to arcades, they expanded with the Sega Genesis in 1990. The company ceased development of shoot 'em up projects before declaring bankruptcy in 1994. Several offshoot developers such as Eighting, Tamsoft, CAVE, Gazelle, and Takumi Corporation were formed prior to and after the closure, while former members later joined to other studios such as Bandai Namco Entertainment, Capcom, Square Enix and Taito. Toaplan has since earned recognition from critics, being called one of the greatest and most influential Japanese shoot 'em up developers and "master" of the scrolling shooter genre.
History
{{Excessive citations|section|date=May 2024}}
Toaplan was established in April 1979 but its gaming division was established by former Orca and Crux members.{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/stream/no.-060-1991-07#page/203/mode/1up|title=ザ・ベストゲーム - Full List: 株式会社東亜プラン|magazine=Gamest|type=Extra|issue=60|publisher=Shinseisha|date=July 1991|page=203|language=ja}}{{cite podcast|host1=Brian Mosley|host2=James Brunner|url=https://pixelatedaudio.com/out-zone/|title=Out Zone with guest Tatsuya Uemura – PA76|publisher=Pixelated Audio|date=March 2017|access-date=2020-10-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191023230947/https://pixelatedaudio.com/out-zone/|archive-date=2019-10-23|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}{{cite web|last=Corritore|first=Andrea|url=https://it.ign.com/hellfire-arcade/126126/feature/toaplan-gli-imperatori-del-blastaggio|title=Toaplan: gli imperatori del blastaggio – Toaplan 1984 - 1994: una breve storia|work=IGN|publisher=Ziff Davis|date=31 May 2017|access-date=2020-05-30|language=it}}{{cite book|title=「弓削雅稔」|work=Genealogy of Game Culture|volume=2|edition=1st|publisher=Institute of Game Culture Conservation|date=22 September 2019|language=ja}} Performan was created by most of the same team that previously worked on several projects at Orca and Crux before both companies declared bankruptcy, after which a group of employees from the two gaming divisions would go on to form Toaplan and among them were composers Masahiro Yuge and Tatsuya Uemura.
In 1992, Yoshiyuki Kiyomoto stepped down from his position as CEO at Toaplan, with Taizo Hayashi now serving as the company's president. Toaplan provided consultance and advising to Raizing (now Eighting) during the development of Sorcer Striker, as well as licensing their arcade board to the company, since the president of the latter company previously served as an employee of the former. Snow Bros. 2: With New Elves served as one of the final projects to be developed by Toaplan, as the company ceased development of shoot 'em up games before their closure.
The company declared bankruptcy on March 31, 1994. Its closure led to the formation of several offshoot companies. Prior to Toaplan's closure in 1994, several former employees formed or were involved with multiple companies, many of which were dedicated to arcade shooters: Eighting, Tamsoft, CAVE, Gazelle, and Takumi (who continued development of Twin Cobra II after Toaplan's closure).
The rights to nearly every Toaplan IP are currently owned by Tatsujin, a Japanese company formed by Yuge. In 2020, Japanese company M2 released every game by Toaplan (excluding Mahjong Sisters and Enma Daiō) for consoles in Japan. In August 2022, Tatsujin was acquired by Embracer Group for a retro gaming focused operative group.{{cite web | url=https://www.gematsu.com/2022/08/embracer-group-acquires-bitwave-games-gioteck-limited-run-games-middle-earth-enterprises-singtrix-tatsujin-tripwire-interactive-and-tuxedo-labs | title=Embracer Group acquires Bitwave Games, Gioteck, Limited Run Games, Middle-earth Enterprises, Singtrix, Tatsujin, Tripwire Interactive, and Tuxedo Labs | date=18 August 2022}} In 2023, Tatsujin announced several new projects, such as Truxton Extreme,{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hTRM8Q4FJXw | title=- YouTube | website=YouTube}} Snow Bros. Wonderland{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BBFhMNwXeJM | title=- YouTube | website=YouTube}} (both games being sequels to their respective series) and Amusement Arcade TOAPLAN, a compilation of 25 arcade games for smartphones.{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=71kjeqrhQmY | title=- YouTube | website=YouTube}} One of the titles from Tatsujin, Snow Bros. Wonderland, was released in 2024.{{cite web|url=https://www.destructoid.com/that-really-bizarre-new-snow-bros-sequel-has-a-release-date/|title=That really bizarre new Snow Bros. sequel has a release date|first=Zoey|last=Handley|website=Destructoid|date=23 August 2024|access-date=23 August 2024}}
Staff
{{Excessive citations|section|date=May 2024}}
Various individuals have been important figures in the history of Toaplan:
- Masahiro Yuge – One of the six original team members and frequent composer. Later worked at Takumi Corporation and Eighting on several projects.
- Tatsuya Uemura – One of the six original team members and frequent composer. Later worked at Gazelle and Eighting on several projects.
- Toshiaki Tomizawa – Music composer for Demon's World, Zero Wing and Vimana. Co-founder of CAVE.
- Osamu Ōta – Music composer for Wardner, Rally Bike and Twin Hawk. Producer of Gekirindan at Taito.
- Toshiaki Ōta – One of the six original team members and head of software development. Founder of Tamsoft.
- Naoki Ogiwara – Artist and designer for Truxton and Out Zone. Co-founder of CAVE.
- Kōetsu Iwabuchi – Artist for Guardian and Twin Cobra. Later served as planning manager for Grind Stormer.
- Yuko Tataka – Character designer for Truxton, Hellfire, Twin Hawk, Zero Wing and Fire Shark.
- Sanae Nitō – Character designer for Truxton, Hellfire, Twin Hawk, Zero Wing and Fire Shark.
- Tsuneki Ikeda – Programmer for Grind Stormer and Batsugun. Co-founder of CAVE.
- Satoshi Kōyama – Programmer for Batsugun. Later worked at CAVE on several projects.
- Junya Inoue – Designer for Dogyuun, Knuckle Bash and Batsugun. Later worked at Gazelle and CAVE on several projects.
- Yusuke Naora – Graphic designer for Grind Stormer. Later worked at Square Enix on several projects.
- Kenichi Takano – One of the six original team members and designer for Performan. Co-founder of CAVE.
- Yuichirō Nozawa – One of the six original team members and designer for Twin Hawk.
- Atsushi Kawaguchi – One of the six original team members and artist for Demon's World.
- Nanpei Kaneko – Designer for FixEight and Knuckle Bash. Later worked as illustrator for Japanese magazines.
- Tomonobu Kagawa – One of the three graphic artists for Truxton II. Later worked at Taito on several projects.
Games
= Developed =
| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year !Title !Original platform(s) !Publisher !Co-developer |
| 1984
|Jongō |SNK |{{N/A}} |
|---|
| rowspan="3" |1985
|Arcade |{{N/A}} |
| Tiger-Heli
|Arcade, Nintendo Entertainment System, PlayStation |Micronics (NES), Gazelle (PS1) |
| Jongkyō
|Arcade |Data East |{{N/A}} |
| rowspan="3" |1986
|Arcade |Taito, Kitkorp |{{N/A}} |
| Slap Fight
|Arcade, Amstrad CPC, Commodore 64, Thomson MO5, Thomson TO8, ZX Spectrum, Atari ST, Sega Mega Drive |Taito |Probe Software (CPC/ZXS), Imagine Software (C64), France Image Logiciel (MO5/TO8), Abersoft Limited (ST), M.N.M Software (SMD) |
| Mahjong Sisters
|Arcade |Toaplan |{{N/A}} |
| rowspan="3" |1987
|Arcade, Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum, Amiga, Amstrad CPC, Atari ST, Nintendo Entertainment System, MS-DOS, X68000, FM Towns |Taito, Romstar, Electrocoin |Catalyst Coders (C64), Graftgold (ZXS/CPC), Images Software (AGA/ST), Software Creations (C64/NES), Banana Development Corporation (DOS), Kaneko (X68K), Ving (FMT) |
| Wardner
|Arcade, Famicom Disk System, Sega Genesis |Taito |Daiei Seisakusho (FDS), Dragnet (SG) |
| Twin Cobra
|Arcade, PC Engine, NES, Sega Genesis, X68000, FM Towns, PlayStation |Taito, Romstar |A.I Company (PCE), Micronics (NES), Graphic Research (SG), Inter State (X68K), Ving (FMT), Gazelle (PS1) |
| rowspan="2" |1988
|Arcade, Nintendo Entertainment System, X68000 |Taito |Visco Corporation (NES), SPS (X68K) |
| Truxton
|Arcade, Sega Genesis, PC Engine |Taito, Midway |Sting Entertainment (PCE) |
| rowspan="5" |1989
|Arcade, Sega Genesis, PC Engine Super CD-ROM² |Taito, U.S.A. Games |NCS Corporation (SG), NEC Avenue (PCE SCD-ROM²) |
| Twin Hawk
|Arcade, Sega Mega Drive, PC Engine, PC Engine CD-ROM² |Taito |Center Tech (PCE), NEC Avenue (PCE CD-ROM²) |
| Demon's World
|Arcade, PC Engine Super CD-ROM² |Taito, Catalina Games |NEC Avenue (PCE SCD-ROM²) |
| Zero Wing
|Arcade, Sega Mega Drive, PC Engine CD-ROM² |{{N/A}} |
| Fire Shark
|Arcade, Sega Genesis |Toaplan, Romstar, Dooyong |{{N/A}} |
| rowspan="2" |1990
|Arcade, Game Boy, Nintendo Entertainment System, Sega Mega Drive |Toaplan, Romstar |Dual (GB), Soft House (NES) |
| Out Zone
|Arcade |Tecmo, Romstar, Toaplan |{{N/A}} |
| rowspan="3" |1991
|Arcade |Tecmo, Honest Trading, Spacy |{{N/A}} |
| Vimana
|Arcade |Tecmo, Toaplan |{{N/A}} |
| Ghox
|Arcade |Taito |{{N/A}} |
| rowspan="4" |1992
|Arcade |Toaplan, Nova Apparate |{{N/A}} |
| Truxton II
|Arcade, FM Towns |Toaplan |Ving (FMT) |
| FixEight
|Arcade |Toaplan |{{N/A}} |
| Dogyuun
|Arcade |Toaplan |{{N/A}} |
| rowspan="4" |1993
|Arcade, Sega Genesis |Toaplan |Tengen (SG) |
| Knuckle Bash
|Arcade |Toaplan, Atari Games |{{N/A}} |
| Enma Daiō
|Arcade |Taito |{{N/A}} |
| Batsugun
|Arcade, Sega Saturn |Toaplan, Taito, Unite Trading |Gazelle (SS) |
| 1994
|Arcade |Hanafram |{{N/A}} |
= Published =
| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year !Title !Platform !Developer !Co-publisher !{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |
| 1990
|Seismic |
|---|
| 1991
|Nintendo Entertainment System |Soft House |
= Cancelled =
| class="wikitable sortable" id="softwarelist" width="auto" |
| Title
! Genre ! Publisher(s) ! Planned release date/Last year developed or mentioned ! Notes/Reasons |
|---|
| style="text-align: left;"| Batsugun sequel
| Shoot 'em up | Toaplan | 1 May 2001 |
| style="text-align: left;"| Untitled Sega System 1 game
| Action | Sega | 1 June 2009 |
| style="text-align: left;"| Dynamic Trial 7
| Racing, vehicular combat | Toaplan | 1 June 2009 |
| style="text-align: left;"| Teki Paki 2
| Puzzle | {{N/A}} | 1 June 2009 |
| style="text-align: left;"| Genkai Chōsen Distopia
| Action, hack and slash, platform | {{N/A}} | 1 June 2009 |
| style="text-align: left;"| Tank da Don!!
| Platform, run and gun | {{N/A}} | 27 October 2011 |
Notes
{{Notelist}}
References
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
{{cite web|last=Freeman|first=Will|url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2013-12-06-dodonpachi-retrospective|title=DoDonPachi retrospective - The full extent of the Jam|work=Eurogamer|publisher=Gamer Network|date=8 December 2013|access-date=2020-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191208043915/https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2013-12-06-dodonpachi-retrospective|archive-date=8 December 2019|url-status=live}}
{{cite web|last=Stuart|first=Keith|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/gamesblog/2014/jan/21/30-greatest-video-games-that-time-forgot-part-two|title=The 30 greatest video games that time forgot – part two|work=The Guardian|date=January 21, 2014|access-date=2020-06-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142039/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/gamesblog/2014/jan/21/30-greatest-video-games-that-time-forgot-part-two|archive-date=2018-06-12|url-status=live}}
{{cite magazine|url=https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File%3ABeepMD_JP_1990-04.pdf&page=44|title=熱血メガドライブ宣言 平成2年版 Part.2: 東亜プラン|magazine=Beep! Mega Drive|issue=7|publisher=SoftBank Creative|date=April 1990|pages=42–43|lang=ja}} [https://shmuplations.com/toaplan-gamest/ Translation] by Shmuplations. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208013254/https://shmuplations.com/toaplan-gamest/|date=2022-02-08}}
{{cite web|last=Corritore|first=Andrea|url=https://it.ign.com/hellfire-arcade/126126/feature/toaplan-gli-imperatori-del-blastaggio|title=Toaplan: gli imperatori del blastaggio – Toaplan 1984 - 1994: una breve storia|work=IGN|publisher=Ziff Davis|date=31 May 2017|access-date=2020-05-30|language=it}}
{{cite magazine|title=ゲーム|magazine=Game Machine|issue=218|publisher=Amusement Press, Inc.|date=15 August 1983|page=6|lang=ja}}
{{cite magazine|title=Overseas Readers Column - Orca Corp. Goes Bankrupt|magazine=Game Machine|issue=219|publisher=Amusement Press, Inc.|date=1 September 1983|page=30|lang=ja}}
{{cite magazine|title=オルカ|magazine=Game Machine|issue=211|publisher=Amusement Press, Inc.|date=1 May 1983|page=4|lang=ja}}
{{cite magazine|title=東亜プラン|magazine=Game Machine|issue=427|publisher=Amusement Press, Inc.|date=1 June 1992|page=7|lang=ja}}
{{cite magazine|last=Manami|first=Rei|url=https://www.famitsu.com/news/201711/24146449.html|title="エムツー ショット トリガーズ"第3弾『魔法大作戦』発売記念ロングインタビュー（エイティング編） 振り向けば仲間がいた。原作開発時の熱き情熱を当時のスタッフに聞く|magazine=Famitsu|publisher=Gzbrain|date=24 November 2017|access-date=2020-07-07|language=ja|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190409194833/https://www.famitsu.com/news/201711/24146449.html|archive-date=2019-04-09|url-status=live}}
{{cite magazine|last=Arata|first=Hanzōmon|url=https://www.famitsu.com/news/201810/19165800.html|title=『ゲーム天国CruisinMix Special』開発陣が語る『TATSUJIN』とのコラボの経緯とシューティングに対する溢れる想い|magazine=Famitsu|publisher=Gzbrain|date=19 October 2018|access-date=2020-05-30}}
{{cite web|url=https://www.4gamer.net/games/408/G040821/20190125146/|title=［JAEPO2019］TATSUJINやナツメアタリの参入が発表されたexA-Arcadia。出展コーナーの模様を紹介|work=4Gamer.net|publisher=Aetas Inc.|date=26 January 2019|access-date=2020-02-22|language=ja|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191021031252/https://www.4gamer.net/games/408/G040821/20190125146/|archive-date=2019-10-21|url-status=live}}
{{cite web|last=Wong|first=Alistair|url=https://www.siliconera.com/m2-to-bring-nearly-all-toaplan-games-to-modern-home-consoles/|title=M2 To Bring Nearly All Toaplan Games To Modern Home Consoles|work=Siliconera|publisher=Curse LLC|date=December 7, 2019|access-date=2019-12-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191207161342/https://www.siliconera.com/m2-to-bring-nearly-all-toaplan-games-to-modern-home-consoles/|archive-date=2019-12-07|url-status=live}}
{{cite web|last=Muñoz|first=José David|url=https://www.hobbyconsolas.com/noticias/snow-bros-truxton-juegos-toaplan-llegaran-ps4-nintendo-switch-xbox-one-543325|title=Snow Bros. Truxton y más juegos de Toaplan llegarán a PS4, Nintendo Switch y Xbox One|work=Hobby Consolas|publisher=Axel Springer SE|date=December 8, 2019|access-date=2019-12-08|language=es|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191208170058/https://www.hobbyconsolas.com/noticias/snow-bros-truxton-juegos-toaplan-llegaran-ps4-nintendo-switch-xbox-one-543325|archive-date=2019-12-08|url-status=live}}
{{cite web|last=McFerran|first=Damien|url=http://www.nintendolife.com/news/2019/12/m2_is_bringing_toaplans_back_catalogue_to_modern_consoles|title=M2 Is Bringing Toaplan's Back Catalogue To Modern Consoles|work=Nintendo Life|publisher=Nlife Media|date=December 9, 2019|access-date=2019-12-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209154214/http://www.nintendolife.com/news/2019/12/m2_is_bringing_toaplans_back_catalogue_to_modern_consoles|archive-date=2019-12-09|url-status=live}}
{{cite magazine|title=Dossier Shoot 'em up|magazine=IG Magazine|issue=8|publisher=Ankama Presse|date=May–June 2010|lang=fr}} ([http://gaming.moe/?p=757 Translation] by Gaming.moe. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190213003903/http://gaming.moe/?p=757|date=2019-02-13}}).
{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/pc-engine-fan-february-1990/page/87/mode/1up|title=PC Scramble: 東亜プラン 太田俊昭|magazine=PC Engine Fan|volume=3|issue=2|publisher=Tokuma Shoten|date=February 1990|page=87|lang=ja}}
{{cite web|url=http://www.tamsoft.co.jp/about/company/|title=会社概要|publisher=Tamsoft|date=2020|access-date=2020-10-28|language=ja|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211210430/http://www.tamsoft.co.jp/about/company/|archive-date=2019-12-11|url-status=live}}
{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/stream/gamest0049#page/51/mode/2up|title=東亜プラン|magazine=Gamest|issue=49|publisher=Shinseisha|date=September 1990|lang=ja}} ([http://shmuplations.com/toaplan-gamest/ Translation] by Shmuplations. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191107033548/http://shmuplations.com/toaplan-gamest/|date=2019-11-07}}).
{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/beep-megadrive-1990-11/page/n88/mode/1up|title=当世ゲーム業界 働く女性事情 - ワーキング・ガール: 田高祐子•二藤早苗 (東亜プラン) Character Designer|magazine=Beep! Mega Drive|issue=14|publisher=SoftBank Creative|date=November 1990|page=87|lang=ja}} ([http://shmuplations.com/womenofgamedesign/ Translation] by Shmuplations. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191121223355/http://shmuplations.com/womenofgamedesign/|date=2019-11-21}}).
{{cite web|url=http://www.gpara.com/contents/creator/bn_159.htm|title=クリエイターズファイル - 「鬼弾幕は避ける快感の究極形」ケイブの池田恒基氏|work=Gpara.com|publisher=株式会社ジーパラドットコム|date=21 September 2004|access-date=2020-05-13|language=ja|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927174903/http://www.gpara.com/contents/creator/bn_159.htm|archive-date=2007-09-27|url-status=live}} ([http://shmuplations.com/ikeda/ Translation] by Shmuplations. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213230137/http://shmuplations.com/ikeda/|date=2019-12-13}}).
{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/stream/arcadia-118-march-2010#page/n47/mode/2up|title=CAVE 15th Anniversary ~Shoot'em All!!~|magazine=Monthly Arcadia|issue=118|publisher=Enterbrain|date=March 2010|pages=46–55|lang=ja}} ([http://shmuplations.com/cave15th/ Translation] by Shmuplations. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190914174849/http://shmuplations.com/cave15th/|date=2019-09-14}}).
{{cite magazine|author1=Red|author2=MVP|last3=Yamashita|first3=Hiroshi|title=コーナー: 開発者インタビュー - 怒首領蜂|magazine=Gamest|issue=196|publisher=Shinseisha|date=30 June 1997|pages=222–224|lang=ja}} ([https://www.gamengai.com/#/cmnt-info?id=1299 Translation] by Gamengai. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191122014305/https://www.gamengai.com/#/cmnt-info?id=1299|date=2019-11-22}}).
{{cite magazine|title=井上淳哉 - 「エスプレイド」「ぐわんげ」を創った男|magazine=Continue|volume=6|publisher=Ohta Publishing|date=September 2002|lang=ja|isbn=978-4872337006}} ([https://www.gamengai.com/#/cmnt-info?id=1301 Translation] by Gamengai. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191122014305/https://www.gamengai.com/#/cmnt-info?id=1301|date=2019-11-22}}. [http://home.arcor.de/agony_/interviews/guwange.html Transcription] by Gaijin Punch. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060710035820/http://home.arcor.de/agony_/interviews/guwange.html|date=2006-07-10}}).
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{{cite web|last=Ciolek|first=Todd|url=http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/the-x-button/2008-11-12|title=Paint a Vulgar Picture – The X Button|publisher=Anime News Network|date=12 November 2008|access-date=2020-05-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107010133/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/the-x-button/2008-11-12|archive-date=2019-01-07|url-status=live}}
{{cite web|url=https://tablet.wacom.co.jp/article/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%81%AE%E3%82%8F%E7%AC%AC16%E5%9B%9E%E9%87%91%E5%AD%90%E3%83%8A%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9A%E3%82%A4|title=イラストレーターのわ第16回/金子ナンペイ|work=ワコムタブレットサイト|publisher=Wacom|date=2020|access-date=2020-08-13|language=ja|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180610135336/https://tablet.wacom.co.jp/article/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%81%AE%E3%82%8F%E7%AC%AC16%E5%9B%9E%E9%87%91%E5%AD%90%E3%83%8A%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9A%E3%82%A4|archive-date=2018-06-10|url-status=live}}
{{cite web|author=TakeTake55|url=https://take55.hatenadiary.org/entry/20110328/1301248459|title=クレオパトラフォーチュン コスプレカットイン全集 動画|work=TakeTake的雑記|publisher=Hatena|date=23 March 2011|access-date=2020-10-29|language=ja|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029134944/https://take55.hatenadiary.org/entry/20110328/1301248459|archive-date=2020-10-29|url-status=live}}
{{cite magazine|title=Overseas Readers Column - Toaplan Goes Bust|magazine=Game Machine|issue=472|publisher=Amusement Press, Inc.|date=15 May 1994|page=26|lang=ja}}
{{cite web|last=Lambie|first=Ryan|url=https://www.denofgeek.com/uk/games/58480/toaplan-the-rise-and-fall-of-japans-greatest-shooting-game-company|title=Toaplan: the rise and fall of Japan's greatest shooting game company|work=Den of Geek|publisher=Dennis Publishing|date=21 June 2018|access-date=2020-02-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621073806/http://www.denofgeek.com/uk/games/58480/toaplan-the-rise-and-fall-of-japans-greatest-shooting-game-company|archive-date=21 June 2018|url-status=live}}
{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/stream/Wireframe13#page/n49/mode/2up|title=Interface - Developer Profile / Toaplan|magazine=Wireframe|issue=13|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation|date=May 9, 2019|pages=50–51}}
{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://sega.jp/fb/segahard/md/soft_licensee.html|title=ソフトウェア一覧（ソフトライセンシー発売）| メガドライブ|encyclopedia=SEGA HARD Encyclopedia|publisher=Sega|date=2020|access-date=2020-05-30|lang=ja}}
{{cite magazine|last=Dave|first=Doctor|url=https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File:GamePro_US_020.pdf&page=78|title=Genesis ProView: MUSHA|magazine=GamePro|issue=20|publisher=IDG|date=March 1991|page=78}}
{{cite web|url=http://www.nintendo.com/consumer/downloads/nes_games.pdf|title=NES Games|publisher=Nintendo|access-date=2020-07-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140611225644/http://www.nintendo.com/consumer/downloads/nes_games.pdf|archive-date=2014-06-11|url-status=live}}
{{cite magazine|title=プロギアの嵐 - ケイブ開発者インタビュー|magazine=Monthly Arcadia|issue=12|publisher=Enterbrain|date=May 2001|pages=42–45|lang=ja}} ([https://www.gamengai.com/#/cmnt-info?id=1295 Translation] by Gamengai. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191122014305/https://www.gamengai.com/#/cmnt-info?id=1295|date=2019-11-22}}).
}}
External links
{{Portal|Companies|Japan|Tokyo|Video games}}
- {{Official website|http://www.toaplan.co.jp/}} {{in lang|ja}}
{{Toaplan}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Video game companies established in 1979
Category:Video game companies disestablished in 1994
Category:Japanese companies established in 1979
Category:Japanese companies disestablished in 1994
Category:Defunct video game companies of Japan
Category:Software companies based in Tokyo