Tonsa

{{Short description|Mountain summit in Canada}}

{{Infobox mountain

| name = Tonsa

| photo = Tonsa from Lower Minnestimma Lake.jpg

| photo_caption = Tonsa (center) seen from Larch Valley flanked by Mount Bowlen on left and Mount Perren on right

| elevation_m = 3053

| elevation_ref = {{cite bivouac|id=1574|name=Tonsa Peak|access-date=2018-12-12}}

| prominence_m = 173

| prominence_ref=

| range = Bow Range
Canadian Rockies

| parent_peak = Mount Bowlen (3,072 m)

| listing = {{unbulleted list

| Mountains of Alberta

| Mountains of British Columbia}}

| country = Canada

| region_type = Provinces

| region = {{enum|Alberta|British Columbia}}

| part_type = Protected area

| part = Banff National Park

| map = Alberta#British Columbia#Canada

| map_caption = Location in Alberta##Location in British Columbia##Location in Canada

| label_position = right#left

| mapframe = yes

| mapframe-zoom = 8

| mapframe-caption = Interactive map of Tonsa

| coordinates = {{coord|51|17|51|N|116|12|00|W|type:mountain_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}}

| coordinates_ref =

| topo_map = NTS {{Canada NTS Map Sheet|82|N|08}}

| first_ascent =

| easiest_route =

}}

Tonsa, or Tonsa Peak, is a {{convert|3053|m|ft|0|adj=on}} mountain summit located on the border of Alberta and British Columbia on the Continental Divide in the Canadian Rockies. The mountain forms part of the backdrop to Moraine Lake in the Valley of the Ten Peaks of Banff National Park. It was named in 1894 by Samuel E.S. Allen for the Stoney Indian word for the number four. {{cite peakfinder|id=1408|name=Tonsa|access-date=2019-09-24}}

Geology

Like other mountains in Banff Park, Tonsa is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Precambrian to Jurassic periods.{{Belyea-Banff-NP}} Formed in shallow seas, this sedimentary rock was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny.{{cite book|title=Geology of the Rocky Mountains and Columbias |author=Gadd, Ben |year=2008}}

Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Tonsa is located in a subarctic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers.{{cite journal | author = Peel, M. C. |author2=Finlayson, B. L. |author3=McMahon, T. A.| year = 2007 | title = Updated world map of the Köppen−Geiger climate classification | journal = Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. | volume = 11 |issue=5 | pages = 1633–1644 |doi=10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2007HESS...11.1633P | issn = 1027-5606}} Winter temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C. Precipitation runoff from Tonsa drains east into tributaries of the Bow River, or west into tributaries of the Vermilion River.

See also

References

{{reflist}}

Gallery

File:Driving in the Rockies.jpg|Road to Moraine Lake, yellow centerline aimed at Tonsa

File:The Moraine Lake landscape (Unsplash).jpg|Tonsa to left of center

File:Fay, Bowlen, Tonsa, Perren.jpg|Left to right: Fay, Bowlen, Tonsa, Perren

File:DSC2528 Morraine Lake Banff National Park, Alberta.jpg|Moraine Lake peaks

File:Lake Moraine (9309191259).jpg|Mt. Bowlen and Tonsa

File:Bowlen, Tonsa.jpg|Mt. Bowlen (left) and Tonsa (right)

File:Banff pk.jpg|Tonsa centered