Torrejón de Ardoz

Torrejón comes from torre ("tower"); the suffix -jón is a diminutive that ultimately makes reference to the small or unimportant nature of the noun.{{Sfn|Cruz Plaza|García Lledó|Martín-Serrano García|1991|p=754}} The Ardoz add-on comes from the namesake creek.{{Sfn|Cruz Plaza|García Lledó|Martín-Serrano García|1991|p=754}}

While there is no certainty of the origin of Torrejón de Ardoz, it probably dates from the 12th century, associated to fortifications built to protect Alcalá de Henares.[http://www.ayto-torrejon.es/plantilla.asp?nPagina=1&ccClave=29 Torrejón Townhall website] {{in lang|es}} It was part of the Land of Alcalá for all purposes until 1554, when it was granted the status of town.{{Sfn|Cruz Plaza|García Lledó|Martín-Serrano García|1991|p=754}}

In the 16th century, the Casa Grande was built, where several Spanish princes stayed while studying at the University of Alcala.

In 1843 it was the place of a short battle between general Ramón Narvaez and senator Antonio Seoane, as part of the rebellion against Espartero.[http://www.ayto-torrejon.es/plantilla.asp?nPagina=1&ccClave=30 Torrejón Townhall website] {{in lang|es}}

The United States Air Force jointly occupied the Torrejón Air Base, installed in 1955,{{Sfn|Alpuente|1997}} under agreements made with Francisco Franco. The base was subject of criticism since its beginnings and a meeting place of pacifist demonstrations attended by progressives and ecologists.{{Sfn|Alpuente|1997}}

One of the election platforms of Felipe González's Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) was to close the base to the American fighter wing. Once González became prime minister, the lease of the then 401st Tactical Fighter Wing (now the 401st Air Expeditionary Group) was not renewed and the F-16 fighter wing left the base in the early 1990s.

At the end of the 20th century, the city experienced strong industrial growth, which attracted thousands of workers. This led to rapid urban growth.

File:(Torrejón de Ardoz) Madrid ESA354454 (cropped).jpg's Sentinel-2.]]

It is located to the east of the city of Madrid, near the A-2, the highway connecting Madrid and Barcelona. With the city located at the right-bank (north) of the Henares the relief of the municipality gently decreases in elevation from north to south.{{Sfn|Cruz Plaza|García Lledó|Martín-Serrano García|1991|p=754}}

Three small creeks pass through the municipality emptying into the Henares.{{Sfn|Merino Arribas|Ruiz Esteban|Gutiérrez Torrecilla|García Manzanero|2004|p=1}} From West to East: Arroyo del Valle, Arroyo Pelayo, and Arroyo Ardoz.{{Sfn|Merino Arribas|Ruiz Esteban|Gutiérrez Torrecilla|García Manzanero|2004|p=1}}

The highest point lies in the North of the municipality, standing at 623 m above sea level.{{Sfn|Merino Arribas|Ruiz Esteban|Gutiérrez Torrecilla|García Manzanero|2004|p=3}}

The municipality has a total area of 32.49 km².{{Sfn|Merino Arribas|Ruiz Esteban|Gutiérrez Torrecilla|García Manzanero|2004|p=4}}

Torrejón de Ardoz has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen: BSk) with cool winters, hot summers and precipitation concentrated in the autumn and spring seasons. As in other parts of the east and south of the Community of Madrid, the aridity is notable. Snow, although rare, can occur in some winters.{{cite web|url=https://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/valoresclimatologicos|title=Valores Climatologicos normales|publisher=AEMET|access-date=15 December 2024}}

{{Weather box

| location = Torrejón de Ardoz 607m (1991–2020), extremes (1951-present)

| metric first = y

| single line = y

| Jan record high C = 21.5

| Feb record high C = 24.2

| Mar record high C = 28.2

| Apr record high C = 31.7

| May record high C = 36.9

| Jun record high C = 41.9

| Jul record high C = 42.4

| Aug record high C = 42.8

| Sep record high C = 40.0

| Oct record high C = 32.6

| Nov record high C = 25.0

| Dec record high C = 20.5

| year record high C =

| Jan high C = 11.0

| Feb high C = 13.1

| Mar high C = 17.0

| Apr high C = 19.4

| May high C = 24.0

| Jun high C = 30.2

| Jul high C = 33.9

| Aug high C = 33.3

| Sep high C = 27.9

| Oct high C = 21.4

| Nov high C = 14.8

| Dec high C = 11.4

| year high C =

| Jan mean C = 5.8

| Feb mean C = 7.1

| Mar mean C = 10.4

| Apr mean C = 12.8

| May mean C = 17.0

| Jun mean C = 22.2

| Jul mean C = 25.5

| Aug mean C = 25.2

| Sep mean C = 20.6

| Oct mean C = 15.2

| Nov mean C = 9.5

| Dec mean C = 6.4

| year mean C =

| Jan low C = 0.6

| Feb low C = 1.1

| Mar low C = 3.7

| Apr low C = 6.1

| May low C = 9.8

| Jun low C = 14.3

| Jul low C = 17.2

| Aug low C = 17.1

| Sep low C = 13.2

| Oct low C = 9.0

| Nov low C = 4.2

| Dec low C = 1.3

| year low C =

| Jan record low C = -13.7

| Feb record low C = -13.8

| Mar record low C = -7.4

| Apr record low C = -3.2

| May record low C = -1.0

| Jun record low C = 4.5

| Jul record low C = 6.6

| Aug record low C = 6.8

| Sep record low C = 3.6

| Oct record low C = -2.0

| Nov record low C = -6.6

| Dec record low C = -10.2

| year record low C =

| Jan precipitation mm = 29

| Feb precipitation mm = 28

| Mar precipitation mm = 32

| Apr precipitation mm = 41

| May precipitation mm = 44

| Jun precipitation mm = 22

| Jul precipitation mm = 10

| Aug precipitation mm = 9

| Sep precipitation mm = 24

| Oct precipitation mm = 56

| Nov precipitation mm = 47

| Dec precipitation mm = 34

| year precipitation mm =

| precipitation color = green

| Jan precipitation days = 5.1

| Feb precipitation days = 4.2

| Mar precipitation days = 4.9

| Apr precipitation days = 6.5

| May precipitation days = 6.3

| Jun precipitation days = 3.6

| Jul precipitation days = 1.4

| Aug precipitation days = 1.4

| Sep precipitation days = 3.6

| Oct precipitation days = 6.9

| Nov precipitation days = 6.3

| Dec precipitation days = 5.6

| unit precipitation days = 1 mm

| year precipitation days =

| Jan snow days = 0.7

| Feb snow days = 0.8

| Mar snow days = 0.2

| Apr snow days = 0

| May snow days = 0

| Jun snow days = 0

| Jul snow days = 0

| Aug snow days = 0

| Sep snow days = 0

| Oct snow days = 0

| Nov snow days = 0.1

| Dec snow days = 0.4

| year snow days =

| Jan sun = 155

| Feb sun = 172

| Mar sun = 202

| Apr sun = 234

| May sun = 288

| Jun sun = 336

| Jul sun = 375

| Aug sun = 344

| Sep sun = 252

| Oct sun = 202

| Nov sun = 153

| Dec sun = 127

| year sun =

| Jan percentsun = 52

| Feb percentsun = 58

| Mar percentsun = 55

| Apr percentsun = 59

| May percentsun = 64

| Jun percentsun = 75

| Jul percentsun = 82

| Aug percentsun = 81

| Sep percentsun = 68

| Oct percentsun = 58

| Nov percentsun = 51

| Dec percentsun = 44

| year percentsun =

| Jan humidity = 77

| Feb humidity = 68

| Mar humidity = 61

| Apr humidity = 58

| May humidity = 52

| Jun humidity = 41

| Jul humidity = 35

| Aug humidity = 36

| Sep humidity = 48

| Oct humidity = 65

| Nov humidity = 75

| Dec humidity = 79

| year humidity =

| source 1 = AEMET{{cite web |url =https://www.aemet.es/es/datos_abiertos/AEMET_OpenData |title=AEMET OpenData|publisher=Aemet.es|access-date = 15 December 2024}}

| date = October 2015

| source =

}}

The city has had industrial facilities from large companies such as Indra, Alcatel, La Cocinera and Amazon. This growth occurred mainly at the end of the twentieth century, with a sharp decline in the twenty-first century.

The city still has 3 industrial estates: Casablanca, Charco de los Peces and Las Monjas. The industrial estate of San Fernando is linked to the municipality of Torrejón de Ardoz.

There are 2 large shopping malls in the municipality: Parque Corredor and the recently opened Oasis Mall. The commercial development of recent years has compensated for the fall in jobs produced in the industrial sector.

The city is connected to Madrid by the A-2 motorway, and by rail through the C2-C7 Cercanías lines.

There are multiple bus lines connecting Torrejón de Ardoz with Alcalá de Henares (824), with Madrid (224 and 226) and with the nearby towns: Ajalvir, Loeches, San Fernando de Henares, Torres de la Alameda and Daganzo.

• Casa Grande
• Parque Europa
• Church of San Juan Bautista
• Aldovea´s Castle

The city has 4 large sports facilities: Joaquin Blume, Parque Corredor, M-4 and Las Fronteras.

The city has an important futsal team, Inter FS, and it had a famous futsal team, Marsanz FS.

• Torrejon High School

;Artists

• El Chojin, rapper
• Pilar Rubio, television presenter

;Military personnel

• Frederick M. Padilla, U.S. Marine major general

;Politicians

• Kate Brown, governor of Oregon
• Glenn Thomas Jacobs, Mayor of Knox County, Tennessee

;Sportpeople

• David Andújar, footballer
• Wallace Bryant, basketball player
• Jorge Garbajosa, basketball player
• Guti, footballer
• Antonio Guzmán Núñez, footballer
• Kane, wrestler
• Sergio Mora, footballer
• Mario Rivillos Plaza, futsal player
• Manuel Romero, footballer

;Crime

• Patrick Nogueira, murderer. Lived with his uncle, aunt and cousins before his family moved to Pioz.

;Citations

{{reflist|2}}

;Bibliography

• {{Cite journal|journal=El País|url=https://elpais.com/diario/1997/07/05/madrid/868101870_850215.html|date=5 July 1997|first=Moncho|last=Alpuente|author-link=Moncho Alpuente|title=El ruido de la historia}}
• {{Cite book|chapter=Torrejón de Ardoz|last=Cruz Plaza|last2=García Lledó|last3=Martín-Serrano García|year=1991|isbn=84-451-0297-4|title=Arquitectura y Desarrollo Urbano. Comunidad de Madrid (Zona Centro)|volume=I|location=Madrid|publisher=Dirección General de Arquitectura & Colegio Oficial de Arquitectos de Madrid|url=http://www.madrid.org/bvirtual/BVCM004553.pdf|pages=750–782}}
• {{Cite book|url=https://www.ayto-torrejon.es/sites/default/files/intranet//MiPaginaDescargas/572_Libro%20completo.pdf|title=Torrejón, una historia viva|year=2004|orig-year=1986|first=José María|last=Merino Arribas|first2=Yolanda|last2=Ruiz Esteban|first3=Luis Miguel|last3=Gutiérrez Torrecilla|first4=Fernando|last4=García Manzanero|publisher=Ayuntamiento de Torrejón de Ardoz|isbn=84-505-4177-8}}

• Municipal elections in Torrejón de Ardoz
• Madrid-Torrejón Airport

{{Madrid MA}}

{{Municipalities in the Community of Madrid}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Torrejon de Ardoz}}

Category:Municipalities in the Community of Madrid