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Toyota GR engine#6GR

{{Distinguish|Toyota Gazoo Racing}}

{{Use dmy dates |date=February 2022 |cs1-dates=yy}}

{{Infobox automobile engine

| name = Toyota GR engine

| image = Toyota 1GR-FE engine 001.JPG

| manufacturer = Toyota Motor Corporation

| production = 2002–present

| configuration = 60° V6

| predecessor = Toyota MZ engine
Toyota JZ engine (I6)
Toyota VZ engine

| successor = Toyota T24A engine

| similar = Chrysler SOHC V6
Ford Cyclone
GM HFV6
Honda J-series
Nissan VQ

| caption = 1GR-FE engine in a Toyota FJ Cruiser

| valvetrain = DOHC 4 valves/cyl with VVT-i and timing chain

| fueltype = Gasoline

| coolingsystem = Water cooled

| block = Die-cast aluminium

| head = Aluminium

| power = {{convert|236-317|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on|lk=on}}

| torque = {{convert|266-295|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on|lk=on}}

}}

The Toyota GR engine family is a gasoline, open-deck, piston V6 engine series. The GR series has a 60° die-cast aluminium block and aluminium DOHC cylinder heads. This engine series also features 4 valves per cylinder, forged steel connecting rods and crankshaft, one-piece cast camshafts, a timing chain, and a cast aluminium lower intake manifold. Some variants use multi-port fuel injection, some have D4 direct injection, and others have a combination of direct injection and multi-port fuel injection or D4-S.

The GR series replaces the previous MZ V6 and JZ inline-6, and in the case of light trucks the VZ V6.

Note: Power ratings have changed due to SAE measurement changes in 2005 (for the 2006 model year). Toyota rates engines on 87 pump octane, Lexus rates engines on 91 pump octane.

1GR

=1GR-FE=

File:1GR-FE 4.0 V6.jpg]]

File:Toyota 1GR-FE 4.0 Litre V6 Engine.jpg]]

The 1GR-FE is the {{convert|3956|cc|L|1|order=flip|abbr=on}} version, designed for longitudinal mounting in RWD and 4WD pickup applications. It has a bore and a stroke of {{convert|94x95|mm|2|abbr=on}}. Output is {{convert|237|hp|PS kW|0|abbr=on}} at 5200 rpm with {{convert|266|lbft|Nm kgm|0|abbr=on}} of torque at 4000 rpm when tuned for 87 octane, and {{convert|240|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} at 5200 rpm with {{convert|278|lbft|Nm kgm|0|abbr=on}} at 3700 rpm when tuned for 91 octane. This engine features Toyota's VVT-i, variable valve timing system on the intake cam and a compression ratio of 10.0:1. Service weight, including fluids, is {{convert|166|kg|lb|abbr=on|0}}.

An updated version of this engine features Dual VVT-i, increasing output to {{convert|267|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} at 5600 rpm and {{convert|278|lbft|Nm kgm|0|abbr=on}} at 4400 rpm on 87 octane.{{citation needed|date=January 2015}} Inside, the 1GR uses a "taper-squish" combustion chamber design with matching pistons to improve anti-knocking and engine performance, while also improving intake and fuel efficiency. Toyota adopted a siamese-type intake port, which reduces the surface area of the port walls and prevents fuel from adhering to such walls. This engine has special cast-iron cylinder liners cast into the block, which are a spiny type to improve adhesion between the liner and cylinder block. In the event of cylinder wall damage (scoring, deep protrusions, etc.), the entire cylinder block must be replaced. For increased block rigidity, the 1GR also receives a high temperature plastic insulator/protector, which fills the empty space between the outer portion of the cylinders and block material common to open deck engines. For increased cooling efficiency, the 1GR employs water passages between the bores of the engine. There are two such passages for each bank for a total of four. This reduces cylinder hot-spotting and keeps combustion chamber temperatures more uniform.

A bolt-on TRD supercharger kit was available on the Tacoma and FJ Cruiser but has been discontinued by Toyota.

The new 2015 Toyota HiLux receives a slightly different version of the single VVT-i engine, with the only change being a removal of an air intake baffle tank being replaced by a conventional air filter housing to intake pipe to surge tank style. The new intake pipe now contains resonators. Power output is unchanged.

First generation 1GR-FE variants with single VVT-i features Toyota's Acoustic Control Induction System. This system consists of a bulkhead to divide the intake manifold into two sections, and an intake air control valve (in the bulkhead) to control its effective length. When the engine is operating at moderate revolutions and under high load, an actuator closes the intake air control valve to increase the effective length of the intake manifold.

At other operating conditions, the intake air control valve opens up to reduce the effective length of the intake manifold.{{cite web|url=http://australiancar.reviews/1GR-FE-engine.php |title=1GR-FE Toyota engine |publisher=Australian Car Reviews |access-date=1 October 2020}}

File:2016 hilux v6.jpg

Applications with VVT-i (calendar years):

Applications with Dual VVT-i (calendar years):

2GR

=2GR-FE=

File:V6 2GR-FE.jpg

The 2GR-FE is a {{convert|3456|cc|L|1|order=flip|abbr=on}} version.{{cite web |title=2013 Highlander Manual |url=http://www.toyota.com/t3Portal/document/om/OM48A38U/pdf/sec_06-01.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116215947/http://www.toyota.com/t3Portal/document/om/OM48A38U/pdf/sec_06-01.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=2014-01-16 |publisher=Toyota |location=US |access-date=2014-01-16 |page=628 (11 on PDF) }} Bore remains at {{convert|94|mm|abbr=on}}; but stroke is reduced to {{convert|83|mm|2|abbr=on}}. Reported output varies depending on the vehicle application, but is approximately {{convert|268|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} to {{convert|314|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} at 6200 rpm with {{convert|248|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} to {{convert|260|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}} of torque at 4700 rpm on 87 octane (R+M/2).{{cite web |url=http://www.toyota.com.bh/pages/avalon/spec.php |title=Avalon Specifications |access-date=2012-01-27 |publisher=Toyota |location=Bahrain |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303000534/http://www.toyota.com.bh/pages/avalon/spec.php |archive-date=2012-03-03 }} This version features Toyota's Dual VVT-i, variable valve timing on both the intake and exhaust cams. The cams are driven using a timing chain.

Valves are driven by roller-follower rocker arms with low friction roller bearings, and a unique, concave cam lobe design to increase valve lift over the traditional shimless lifter type system of the 1GR-FE. This increases overall cylinder head height to accommodate the slightly taller roller rocker system. Moreover, the cylinder head is segmented into 3 parts: valve cover, camshaft sub-assembly housing, and cylinder head sub-assembly. As such, this valvetrain is used across all other GR engines with Dual VVT-i. Its service weight is {{convert|163|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}.

This engine has a robust aftermarket community and is a candidate for engine swaps, such as into the SW20 MR2.{{Cite web |url=https://www.tcsmotorsports.com/products/2gr-fe-v6-engine-swap |title=2GR-FE V6 Engine Swap - TCS Motorsports |website=TCS Motorsports |access-date=2025-02-06 }}

Applications (calendar years):

Supercharged (calendar years):

  • 2007–2009 TRD Aurion (TRD supercharger)
  • 2009–present Bolwell Nagari 300 (Sprintex supercharger)
  • 2011–2016 Lotus Evora S ({{convert|345|hp|PS kW|0|abbr=on}}, {{convert|295|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}})
  • 2012–2021 Lotus Exige S/350/360/380/410/430 ({{convert|345-430|hp|PS kW|0|abbr=on}}, {{convert|295-325|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}})
  • 2017–2021 Lotus Evora 400 ({{convert|400|hp|PS kW|0|abbr=on}}, {{convert|410|hp|PS kW|0|abbr=on}}, {{convert|430|hp|PS kW|0|abbr=on}})
  • 2022–present Lotus Emira{{cite news |url=https://www.motor1.com/news/518417/lotus-emira-specs-photos-details/ |title=Lotus Emira Mid-Engined Sports Car Debuts With AMG And Toyota Power |first=Adrian |last=Padeanu |work=Motor1 |location=US |date=2021-07-06 |access-date=2021-07-24}}

=2GR-FSE=

File:2GR-FSE.jpg

The 2GR-FSE is a {{convert|3456|cc|L|1|order=flip|abbr=on}} engine used in the Lexus IS, GS, Mark X and Crown and incorporates Toyota's latest D-4S twin injection fuel system. This system combines direct injection ({{convert|949|cc|abbr=on}}/min injectors) with traditional port injection ({{convert|298|cc|abbr=on}}/min injectors). Direct injection lowers the tendency to knock (detonation) and increases performance by reducing the charge intake temperature. Traditionally, direct injection engines require an in-engine mechanism such as swirl ports or specific piston crown shapes to increase air turbulence in the engine. These are in place to help achieve a homogeneous air-fuel mixture inside the cylinder at low RPM and high load, but these mechanisms inhibit performance at higher engine speeds. In the 2GR-FSE, port injection is used considerably to achieve the correct mixture without having in-engine restrictions, meaning the engine achieves specific power near the top of all naturally aspirated production gasoline engines in the world ({{convert|{{#expr:235/3.456 round 1}}|kW|PS hp|1|abbr=on}}/L, {{convert|234|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} in the Mark X). Toyota also developed a new type of injector for this engine. The dual fan spray pattern of the direct injectors is perpendicular to the piston travel with wide dispersion in the cylinder, which aids air and fuel mixture and therefore increases power and efficiency. The port injectors not only help improve the power and efficiency but they also help improve emissions, especially in the first 20 seconds after start-up (when the catalytic converter is in its warm-up stage). Compression ratio is 11.8:1.

The 2GR-FSE engine is rated at {{convert|227-236|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} at 6,400 RPM and {{convert|377-380|Nm|kgm lbft|0|abbr=on}} at 4,800 RPM.

The engine's service weight is {{convert|174|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}.

The 2GR-FSE was on the Ward's 10 Best Engines list for 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009.{{cite web|title=Ward's Announces 2009 10 Best Engines Winners|url=http://wardsauto.com/reports/2009/tenbest/best_engines_2009_081205/|work=Ward's AutoWorld|publisher=WardsAuto.com|date=2008-12-05|access-date=2009-07-25|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926234238/http://wardsauto.com/reports/2009/tenbest/best_engines_2009_081205/|archive-date=2011-09-26}}{{cite web|title=Ward's 10 Best Engines Winners Reflect Fuel-Economy Focus (2008)|url=http://wardsauto.com/home/best_engines_focus/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080821124905/http://wardsauto.com/home/best_engines_focus/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2008-08-21|work=Ward's AutoWorld|publisher=WardsAuto.com|date=2007-12-13|access-date=2009-07-25}}{{cite web|title=Ward's Announces 10 Best Engines Winners for 2007|url=http://wardsauto.com/home/best_engines_winners/|work=Ward's AutoWorld|publisher=WardsAuto.com|date=2006-12-05|access-date=2009-07-25|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090722164032/http://wardsauto.com/home/best_engines_winners/|archive-date=2009-07-22}}{{cite web|title=Ward's 10 Best Engines for 2006|url=http://wardsauto.com/reports/2006/tenbest/|work=Ward's AutoWorld|publisher=WardsAuto.com|date=2006-01-04|access-date=2009-07-25|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090823011325/http://wardsauto.com/reports/2006/tenbest/|archive-date=2009-08-23}}

Applications (calendar years):

Supercharged:

  • 2009 Toyota Mark X +M Supercharger ({{convert|265|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}}){{Cite web|url=http://toyota.jp/customize/markx/supercharger/spec2.html|title=Mark X +M Supercharger specs|access-date=2010-03-13|year=2009|language=ja}}

=2GR-FXE=

Atkinson cycle, VVT-i, uses cooled EGR system.

For the Lexus RX 450h, the compression ratio was 12.5:1. For the Lexus GS 450h, the compression ratio was 13.0:1.{{cite web |last1=Lithgow |first1=Ian |title=2GR-FXE Toyota engine |url=http://australiancar.reviews/2GR-FXE-engine.php |website=AustralianCar.Reviews |access-date=2015-08-28}}

Applications (calendar years):

  • 2009–2015 Lexus RX 450h, (GYL10/15/16), without D-4S (conventional multi-port indirect injection) {{convert|245|bhp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}}
  • 2010 Toyota Highlander Hybrid, without D-4S (conventional multi-port indirect injection) {{convert|245|bhp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}}
  • 2012 Lexus GS 450h (GWL10), with D-4S (both multi-port indirect and direct injection) {{convert|292|bhp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}}
  • 2013 Toyota Crown Majesta, with D-4S (both multi-port indirect and direct injection) {{convert|292|bhp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}}

=2GR-FKS=

The 2GR-FKS is a {{convert|3456|cc|L|1|order=flip|adj=on}}, 24-valve DOHC (with VVT-iW and VVT-i) V6 engine that combines the D-4S system from the 2GR-FSE with the simulated on-demand Atkinson cycle used in the 2UR-GSE and 8AR-FTS engines.{{cite web |url=http://www.toyotareference.com/guts/tacoma16_engine.pdf |title=New Features – 2GR-FKS Engine |via=Toyota Reference |access-date=2022-02-21}} The 2GR-FKS and the 2GR-FXS selectively use direct and port injection.{{cite conference |title=Development of 3.5L V6 Gasoline Direct Injection Engine - ESTEC 2GR-FKS/FXS |first1=Jun |last1=Matsui |first2=Hiroyasu |last2=Koyama |first3=Yuichi |last3=Goto |first4=Hidetoshi |last4=Kawai |doi=10.4271/2015-01-1972 |publisher=Society of Automotive Engineers |location=US |conference =JSAE/SAE 2015 International Powertrains, Fuels & Lubricants Meeting |date=2015-09-01}}[https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a15342328/explained-why-some-engines-have-both-port-and-direct-injection/ Why Some Engines Have Both Port and Direct Injection] This engine first appeared in the 2015 Lexus RX 350.

File:2GR-FKS in a Lexus GS350.jpg

Applications (calendar years):

  • 2015–2023 Toyota Tacoma (GRN305/310/325/330){{cite web |url=https://www.tacomaworld.com/attachments/image-jpg.751581/ |title=Tacoma Spec |publisher=Toyota |location=US |access-date=2015-08-15}} {{convert|278|hp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}}
  • 2015–2020 Lexus GS 350 (GRL12/16){{cite press release |url=http://pressroom.toyota.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=5183 |title=2016 Lexus GS 200t / GS 350 Product Information |publisher=Toyota |location=US |date=2015-08-13 |access-date=2015-08-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304104035/http://pressroom.toyota.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=5183 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |url-status=dead }} {{convert|311|hp|PS kW|abbr=on|0}}
  • 2015–2022 Lexus RX 350 (GGL20/25){{cite press release |url=http://pressroom.lexus.com/releases/lexus+2016+rx+redefines+segment+short.htm |title=2016 Lexus RX Redefines Segment with Style, Ride Comfort and Luxury Utility |publisher=Toyota |location=US |date=2015-09-08 |access-date=2015-09-10}} {{convert|295|hp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}}
  • 2017–present Lexus LS 350 (GSF50) {{cvt|318|PS|kW hp|0}} (China)
  • 2017–2019 Toyota Highlander (GSU50/55) {{convert|295|hp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}}
  • 2017–2020 Toyota Sienna (GSL30/33/35) {{convert|296|hp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}}
  • 2017–2024 Toyota Camry (GSV70) {{convert|301|hp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}}
  • 2018–2023 Toyota Alphard (GGH30) {{convert|296|hp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}}
  • 2018–2022 Toyota Avalon (GSX50) {{convert|301|hp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}}
  • 2018–present Lexus IS 350 (XE30) {{convert|311|hp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}}
  • 2018–present Lexus ES 350 (XZ10) {{convert|302|hp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}}
  • 2018–2025 Lexus RC 350 {{convert|311|hp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}}
  • 2019–2022 Toyota Highlander (GSU70/75) {{convert|295|hp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}}
  • 2020–2023 Lexus LM 350{{cite web |url=https://www.lexus.co.id/en/models/lm/lm-350-4-seater.html |title=Lexus LM 350 {{!}} 4 Seater |publisher=Lexus |location=Indonesia |access-date=2020-06-06}} (AH30) {{convert|296|hp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}}

=2GR-FXS=

The 2GR-FXS is the hybrid version of the 2GR-FKS.

Applications (calendar years; net combined horsepower listed):

  • 2015–2022 Lexus RX 450h (GYL20/25) {{convert|308|hp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}}
  • 2016–2019 Toyota Highlander (GVU58) {{convert|306|hp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}}
  • 2023–present Lexus TX 550h+ (GYU15) {{convert|404|hp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}} plug-in hybrid{{cite web |url=https://www3.epa.gov/otaq/datafiles/FOI_RTYXB_COMMON_INI_R15.PDF |title= Transportation, Air Pollution and Climate Change|date= 19 August 2015|publisher=Environmental Protection Agency |location=US |page=17.5-RTYXB_COMMON-157 |quote=GYU15L-BWXGBA}}
  • 2023–present Toyota Century (SUV) (GRG75) {{convert|406|hp|kW PS|abbr=on|0}} plug-in hybrid

3GR

=3GR-FE=

File:Lexus IS 3GR-FE.jpg

The 3GR-FE is a {{convert|2994|cc|L|1|order=flip|abbr=on}} version with Dual VVT-i, designed for RWD longitudinal mounting. Bore is 87.5mm while stroke is shared with the 2GR at 83 mm, with a compression ratio of 10.5:1. Output is {{convert|170|kW|hp PS|0|abbr=on}} at 6,400 RPM, and {{convert|300|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} at 4,800 RPM.

Applications (calendar years):

=3GR-FSE=

The 3GR-FSE adds D-4 direct injection. The 3GR-FSE engine is rated at {{convert|256|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}} at 6,200 rpm and {{convert|32|kgm|Nm lbft|0|abbr=on}} at 3,600 rpm .

Applications (calendar years):

Supercharged

  • 2006-2009 Toyota Mark X Supercharged {{convert|320|PS|kW hp|abbr=on|0}}

4GR

=4GR-FSE=

File:2004 Toyota 4GR-FSE Type engine rear.jpg

The 4GR-FSE is a {{convert|2499|cc|L|1|order=flip|abbr=on}} version. Bore is {{convert|83|mm|2|abbr=on}}{{cite web |url=http://techdoc2.toyota-europe.com/techdoc/en/xmlweb/rm0154e/ncf/index.html?term=null |title=techdoc |publisher=Toyota Motor Europe |access-date=2012-01-27 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}   while stroke is reduced to {{convert|77|mm|2|abbr=on}} with a compression ratio of 12.0:1. Output is {{convert|203-215|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}} at 6,400 RPM and {{convert|24.78-26.5|kgm|Nm lbft|0|abbr=on}} at 3,800 RPM. This version also features Dual VVT-i, variable valve timing on both the intake and exhaust cams and an improved D4 direct injection system.

Applications (calendar years):

5GR

=5GR-FE=

The 5GR-FE is a {{convert|2497|cc|L|1|order=flip|abbr=on}} version. Bore is {{convert|87.5|mm|2|abbr=on}} while stroke is {{convert|69.2|mm|2|abbr=on}} with a compression ratio of 10.0:1. Output is {{convert|145|kW|hp PS|0|abbr=on}} at 6,200 RPM and {{convert|24.7|kgm|Nm lbft|0|abbr=on}} at 4,400 RPM. This version does not include direct injection, but does include Dual VVT-i. The 5GR-FE engine is only built in China for vehicles for the Chinese market. Using the same bore as the 3GR-FE which is also built in China it can be built on the same production line, thus reducing production cost.

Applications (calendar years):

6GR

=6GR-FE=

The 6GR-FE is a {{convert|3956|cc|L|1|order=flip|abbr=on}} version. Bore is {{convert|94|mm|abbr=on}} while stroke is {{convert|95|mm|2|abbr=on}}. This version does not include direct injection, but does include Dual VVT-i and is similar to the updated Dual VVT-i 1GR-FE, engine output is {{convert|229|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} at 5,000 RPM and {{convert|345|Nm|kgm lbft||abbr=on}} at 4,400 RPM.

Applications (calendar years):

7GR

=7GR-FKS=

The 7GR-FKS is a {{convert|3456|cc|L|1|order=flip|abbr=on}} version. Bore and stroke is {{convert|94x83|mm|2|abbr=on}}. This version features a D-4S combined injection system (meaning it uses both MPFi and GDi) and includes Dual VVT-i and is similar to the 2GR-FKS, engine output is {{convert|278|hp|PS kW|0|abbr=on}} at 6,000 RPM and {{convert|365|Nm|kgm lbft||abbr=on}} at 4,500 RPM.

Applications (calendar years):

  • 2015–2020 Toyota Land Cruiser Prado (GRJ152L) (China)
  • 2019–present Toyota HiAce (GRH300){{cite press release |url=https://newsroom.toyota.co.jp/en/toyota/26538754.html |title=Toyota's New Hiace Series for Overseas Markets Debuts in Philippines |publisher=Toyota |location=Japan |date=2019-02-18 |access-date=2019-04-25}}

8GR

=8GR-FKS=

The 8GR-FKS is a {{convert|3456|cc|L|1|order=flip|abbr=on}} version. Bore and stroke is {{convert|94x83|mm|2|abbr=on}}. The 8GR-FKS includes on-demand Atkinson cycle, engine output is {{cvt|315|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}} at 6,600 rpm and {{cvt|380|Nm|lbft|0}} at 4,800 rpm.

Applications (calendar years):

  • 2017 Lexus LS 350 (GSF50){{cite web |url=https://www.lexus.com.hk/Lexus-Range/LS/LS350-Executive.aspx |website=Lexus Hong Kong |publisher=Crown Motors Limited |access-date=2019-12-15 |title=Lexus - LS Range - LS350 |archive-date=2020-10-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201025190538/https://www.lexus.com.hk/Lexus-Range/LS/LS350-Executive.aspx |url-status=dead }}

=8GR-FXS=

File:2018 Toyota Crown Hybrid 8GR-FXS.jpg

The 8GR-FXS is a {{convert|3456|cc|L|1|order=flip|abbr=on}} version. Bore and stroke is {{convert|94x83|mm|2|abbr=on}} with a compression ratio of 13.0:1. Used in hybrid applications, and including on-demand Atkinson cycle, engine output is {{convert|295|hp|kW PS|0|abbr=on}} at 6,600 RPM and {{convert|350|Nm|kgm lbft||abbr=on}} at 5,100 RPM. The 8GR-FXS uses a similar fuel setup to the 2GR-FKS, combining the D-4S system and the simulated on-demand Atkinson cycle used in the 2UR-GSE and 8AR-FTS engines. The intake camshafts are equipped with VVT-iW and the exhaust camshafts are equipped with VVT-i.

Applications (calendar years):

See also

{{commons category|Toyota GR engines}}

References

{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Toyota Gr Engine}}

GR

Category:V6 engines

Category:Gasoline engines by model