Transport in Cyprus#Rail

{{main|Roads and motorways in Cyprus}}

Image:A1 Motorway Cyprus.JPG]]

From the {{Convert|12,118|km|mi}} of roads in the areas controlled by the Republic of Cyprus in 2006, {{Convert|7,850|km|mi}} were paved, while {{Convert|4,268|km|mi}} were unpaved. In 1996, the Turkish Cypriot area showed a close, but smaller ratio of paved to unpaved with about {{Convert|1,370|km|mi}} out of {{Convert|2,350|km|mi}} paved and {{Convert|980|km|mi}} unpaved.[http://www.mcw.gov.cy/mcw/PWD/pwd.nsf/All/0A49EACB1E1CA73FC2257354003B6922?Opendocument Τμήμα Δημοσίων Έργων - Στατιστικά Στοιχεία - Συντήρηση Δρόμων 2006] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081125152438/http://www.mcw.gov.cy/mcw/PWD/PWD.nsf/All/0A49EACB1E1CA73FC2257354003B6922?Opendocument |date=2008-11-25 }} As a legacy of British rule, Cyprus is one of only three EU nations in which vehicles drive on the left.

• A1 Nicosia to Limassol
• A2 connects A1 near Pera Chorio with A3 by Larnaca
• A3 Larnaca Airport to Agia Napa, also serves as a circular road for Larnaca.
• A5 connects A1 near Kofinou with A3 by Larnaca
• A6 Pafos to Limassol
• A7 Paphos to Polis (final plans)
• A9 Nicosia to Astromeritis
• A22 Dali industrial area to Anthoupolis, Lakatamia (Nicosia 3rd ring road, final plans)

Nicosia's residents rely on private cars to go around the city. With more than 658 automobiles per 1,000 people,{{Cite web |date=2024-01-17 |title=Passenger cars per 1 000 inhabitants reached 560 in 2022 |url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-eurostat-news/w/ddn-20240117-1 |access-date=2025-03-24 |website=ec.europa.eu |language=en-GB}} Cyprus has one of the highest car ownership rates in the world and the country uses very little public transportation. Only 3% of journeys in the Greater Nicosia urban region are made by public transportation. Cycling is considerably less common at 2%.{{Cite web |title=Get on the bus first to make Nicosia tram infrastructure worth the investment |url=https://www.eib.org/en/essays/nicosia-tram-infrastructure |access-date=2022-09-01 |website=European Investment Bank |language=en}}{{Cite web |title=Trem Global {{!}} Public Transportation in Nicosia |url=https://www.tremglobal.com/articles/public-transportation-in-nicosia |access-date=2022-09-01 |website=www.tremglobal.com |language=en}}{{Cite web |title=Sustainable Transport |url=https://www.cea.org.cy/en/viosimi-kinitikotita/ |access-date=2022-09-01 |website=www.cea.org.cy |language=en}} The government of Cyprus and authorities of Nicosia have developed a public transportation plan to ensure access to more areas and provide more options, apart from private cars.

In Cyprus, public transportation by bus is run by different companies based on the district.

Nicosia and Larnaca: NPT (Nicosia Public Transport) and LPT (Larnaca Public Transport), operated by Cyprus Public Transport (CPT)

Limassol: EMEL (Transport Company for Limassol Commuters)

Paphos: OSYPA (Paphos Transport Organisation)

Famagusta: OSEA (Famagusta District Transport Organisation)

INTERCITY BUSES: Services transport between all major citiesFile:Somolos square Bus station in Nicosia Republic of Cyprus during evening.jpg bus station]]

In 2006, extensive plans were announced to improve and expand bus services and restructure public transport throughout Cyprus, with the financial backing of the European Union Development Bank. In 2010, the new revised and expanded bus network was implemented into the system.{{Cite web|url=http://www.cyprusbybus.com/setups.aspx|title=Cyprus By Bus - Cyprus Bus stops, bus routes and bus time tables|website=www.cyprusbybus.com|access-date=2019-12-28}}

In 2020, the transport companies for the districts of Nicosia and Larnaca were changed from OSEL (Nicosia District Transport Organisation) to NPT (Nicosia Public Transport) and from ZENON Larnaca Buses{{Cite web |last=24h.com.cy |date=2020-06-23 |title=Απεργιακά μέτρα αρχίζουν εργαζομένων στην εταιρεία «ΖΗΝΩΝ» Λάρνακας – 24h.com.cy |trans-title=Workers at the "Zenon" company in Larnaca begin strike action - 24h.com.cy |url=https://24h.com.cy/apergiaka-metra-archizoyn-ergazomenon-stin-etaireia-zinon-larnakas/ |access-date=2023-09-20 |language=EL}} to LPT (Larnaca Public Transport) respectively.{{Cite web |title=Ανακοινωθέντα Άρθρο - PIO |trans-title=Announced Article - PIO |url=https://www.pio.gov.cy/%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%B8%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1-%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B8%CF%81%CE%BF.html?id=14575#flat |access-date=2023-09-20 |website=www.pio.gov.cy |language=EL}}

In 2022, Cyprus Public Transport made new plans for Nicosia's Public Transport by changing route numbers, adding new bus hubs and modernising buses and the all-out feel of the transport system. The plan has been introduced in two phases and is currently completed.{{Cite web |date=2022-01-29 |title=First phase of new bus network kicks off in Nicosia {{!}} Cyprus Mail |url=https://cyprus-mail.com/2022/01/29/first-phase-of-new-bus-network-kicks-off-in-nicosia/ |access-date=2023-09-01 |website=cyprus-mail.com/ |language=en-GB}}

Cyprus currently has no functioning railway systems. The last of the narrow gauge systems in the country closed in 1974. There had been studies and preparatory work done to establish a modern system between the major cities,{{Cite web |date=10 October 2022 |title=Cyprus ponders building a new railway with EU funding |url=https://cyprus-mail.com/2022/10/10/cyprus-ponders-building-a-new-railway-with-eu-funding/ |access-date=25 June 2024 |publisher= Cyprus Mail |language=en-GB}} motivated by worsening traffic issues. Ιn October 2024, a company in England showed their interest to construct a new railway system in Cyprus.

In 2018, Nicosia municipal authorities requested an opinion on the construction of a tram network in the city to the European Investment Bank's JASPERS strategists, who concluded a need for a phased approach. Relevant studies were also carried out in the past, but no concrete plans has materialised.{{Cite web |date=22 September 2023 |title=Nicosia Mayor urges study, implementation of tram network |url=https://cyprus-mail.com/2023/09/22/nicosia-mayor-urges-study-implementation-of-tram-network/ |access-date=25 June 2024 |publisher= Cyprus Mail |language=en-GB}}

File:Solomos Square bus station in Nicosia Republic of Cyprus.jpg, Nicosia]]

File:MercedesW210-Cyprus.JPG

Road transport is the dominant form of transport on the island. Figures released by the International Road Federation in 2007 show that Cyprus holds the highest car ownership rate in the world with 742 cars per 1,000 people.{{cite news|last=Ryu |first=Jin |title=Korea Ranks 40th in Car Ownership|newspaper=The Korea Times |date=2007-12-14 |url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/biz/2007/12/123_15561.html|access-date=2007-12-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071220212640/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/biz/2007/12/123_15561.html|archive-date=2007-12-20 |url-status=live}}

Public transport in Cyprus is limited to privately run bus services (except in Nicosia and Larnaca), taxis, and interurban 'shared' taxi services (locally referred to as service taxis). Thus, private car ownership in the country is the fifth highest per capita in the world. However, in 2006 extensive plans were announced to expand and improve bus services and restructure public transport throughout Cyprus, with the financial backing of the European Union Development Bank

The ports of Cyprus are operated and maintained by the Cyprus Ports Authority. Major harbours of the island are Limassol Harbour, and Larnaca Harbour, which service cargo, passenger, and cruise ships. Limassol is the larger of the two, and handles a large volume of both cargo and cruise vessels. Larnaca is primarily a cargo port but played a big part in the evacuation of foreign nationals from Lebanon in 2006, and in the subsequent humanitarian aid effort. A smaller cargo dock also exists at Vasilikos, near Zygi (a small town between Larnaca and Limassol). Smaller vessels and private yachts can dock at Marinas in Cyprus.

File:New Public Buses in Nicosia Republic of Cyprus in the afternoon.jpg

Nextbike is the latest transportation system in Cyprus, similar to programs employed successfully in various cities around the world. Bicycles can be found at stations in Nicosia and Limassol, as well as with 1 station in Larnaca.

:See full article on Cyprus Merchant Marine

Total: 1,414 ships (with a volume of {{GT|1,000|disp=long}} or over) totaling {{GT|23,497,776}}/{{DWT|37,331,506|metric|disp=long}}

Ships by Type: barge carrier 2, bulk carrier 442, cargo ship 495, chemical tanker 22, combination bulk 40, combination ore/oil 8, container ship 144, Liquified Gas Carrier 6, passenger ship 8, petroleum tanker 142, refrigerated cargo 41, roll-on/roll-off 45, short-sea passenger 13, specialized tanker 4, vehicle carrier 2 (1999 est.)

Image:New Larnaca Airport.JPG

In 1999, Cyprus had 12 airports with paved runways. Of them, seven had runways of lengths between 2,438 and 3,047 metres, one had a length between 1,524 and 2,437 metres, three had lengths between 914 and 1524 metres, and one had a length less than 914 metres.

Of the three airports with unpaved runways, two had lengths less than 914 metres and one had a length between 914 and 1524 metres.

Larnaca International Airport is the island's main airport and flies to many locations worldwide.

Paphos International Airport is the 2nd largest airport and mostly flies to Europe, via Ryanair; with occasional flights to other continents.

Nicosia International Airport is an abandoned airport. It used to be the island's main airport until 1974. It remains closed to the public.

Ercan International Airport is the main airport in the de facto state of Northern Cyprus. The airport's only destination is Turkey, serviced only by a few flight companies from Turkey. Flights to and from Ercan Airport are embargoed. {{Cite web |date=2017-02-19 |title=Embargo on Turkish Cyprus was breached through education |url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/opinion/jale-ozgenturk/embargo-on-turkish-cyprus-was-breached-through-education-109928 |access-date=2025-02-25 |website=Hürriyet Daily News |language=en}}

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