Transport in Norway

File:Oslo Airport3.jpg, Norway's main airport.]]

Aviation has become an important passenger transport mode since the 1960s. Aircraft is the commonly used mode of transport on longer distances, and the routes between Oslo and Bergen, Trondheim and Stavanger are all among the largest in Europe.{{cite web |url=http://www.boarding.no/art.asp?id=24013 |title="Bergensflyet" nummer sju i Europa |author=Boarding |date=2006-11-11 |access-date=2008-07-15 |language=no |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205235655/http://www.boarding.no/art.asp?id=24013 |archive-date=2012-02-05 }} On long distances, such as Oslo-Bodø and longer, air travel is by far the leading travel method. In Western and Northern Norway, with difficult terrain, obstacling fjords and lack of rail transport, regional airline travel provides quick travel within the region or to the capital.{{cite web |url=http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/sd/tema/luftfart/regionale-flyruter.html?id=440464 |title=Regionale flyruter |author=Ministry of Transport |access-date=2008-07-15 |language=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120929031535/http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/sd/tema/luftfart/regionale-flyruter.html?id=440464 |archive-date=2012-09-29 |url-status=dead }}

Major airlines based in Norway are Scandinavian Airlines, Norwegian Air Shuttle and Widerøe.

{{main|List of airports in Norway}}

Of the 98 airports in Norway, 51 are public,{{cite web |url=http://www.avinor.no/tridionimages/2007%20Passasjerer_tcm181-51564.xls |title=2007 Passasjerer |author=Avinor |year=2008 |access-date=2008-07-15 |language=no |archive-date=2010-12-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101228235921/http://www.avinor.no/tridionimages/2007%20Passasjerer_tcm181-51564.xls |url-status=dead }} and 46 are operated by the state-owned Avinor.{{cite web |url=http://www.avinor.no/en/avinor/aboutavinor |title=About Avinor |author=Avinor |access-date=2008-07-15 |author-link=Avinor |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080331113335/http://www.avinor.no/en/avinor/aboutavinor |archive-date=2008-03-31 }} Seven airports have more than one million passengers annually. 41,089,675 passengers passed through Norwegian airports in 2007, of which 13,397,458 were international.

The main gateway by air to Norway is Oslo Airport, Gardermoen, located about {{convert|50|km|mi}} north of Oslo with departures to most European countries and some intercontinental destinations.{{cite web |url=http://www.osl.no/index.asp?startID=&topExpand=1000314&subExpand=1000318&menuid=1001352&menuid_1=1001348&pid_1=1001332&l=3&languagecode=9&strUrl=//templates/applications/internet/showobject.asp?infoobjectid=1006072 |title=Car |author=Oslo Lufthavn |access-date=2008-07-15 |author-link=Oslo Airport, Gardermoen |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080601232755/http://www.osl.no/index.asp?startID=&topExpand=1000314&subExpand=1000318&menuid=1001352&menuid_1=1001348&pid_1=1001332&l=3&languagecode=9&strUrl=%2F%2Ftemplates%2Fapplications%2Finternet%2Fshowobject.asp%3Finfoobjectid%3D1006072 |archive-date=2008-06-01 }}{{cite web |url=http://www.osl.no/index.asp?startID=&strUrl=//templates/applications/internet/showobject.asp?infoobjectid=1010847&showad=1&menuid=1001345&menuid_1=1001345&topExpand=1000314&subExpand=1000317&pid_1=1001332&l=2&languagecode=9 |title=International scheduled routes from Oslo |author=Oslo Lufthavn |access-date=2008-07-15 |author-link=Oslo Airport, Gardermoen |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080714220606/http://www.osl.no/index.asp?startID=&strUrl=%2F%2Ftemplates%2Fapplications%2Finternet%2Fshowobject.asp%3Finfoobjectid%3D1010847&showad=1&menuid=1001345&menuid_1=1001345&topExpand=1000314&subExpand=1000317&pid_1=1001332&l=2&languagecode=9 |archive-date=2008-07-14 }} It is hub for the three major Norwegian airlines Scandinavian Airlines System,{{cite web |url=http://www.sas.no/no/Misc/Service_Links_Container/Rutekart/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120628220717/http://www.sas.no/no/Misc/Service_Links_Container/Rutekart/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-06-28 |title=Rutekart |author=Scandinavian Airlines System |access-date=2008-07-15 |author-link=Scandinavian Airlines }} Norwegian Air Shuttle,{{cite web |url=http://ip.norwegian.no/ip/RouteMapAction.aspx?app_language=en-GB |title=Route Map |author=Norwegian Air Shuttle |access-date=2008-07-15 |author-link=Norwegian Air Shuttle |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080714021439/http://ip.norwegian.no/ip/RouteMapAction.aspx?app_language=en-GB |archive-date=2008-07-14 }} and WiderøeWiderøe [https://www.wideroe.no/en?language=en Route map] {{in lang|en}} and for regional aircraft from Western Norway.{{cite web |url=http://www.wideroe.no/modules/module_123/proxy.asp?D=2&C=642&I=4274&language=NO |title=Våre destinasjoner |author=Widerøe |access-date=2008-07-15 |author-link=Widerøe |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20080815052854/http://www.wideroe.no/modules/module_123/proxy.asp?D=2&C=642&I=4274&language=NO |archive-date=2008-08-15 }}

Heliports are common at hospitals and oil platforms. The Norwegian Air Ambulance service operates twelve helicopters and nine airplanes.{{cite web |url=http://www.luftambulanse.no/historie.aspx |author=Norwegian Air Ambulance |title=Om oss |access-date=2008-07-15 |language=no |author-link=Norwegian Air Ambulance |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080626090710/http://www.luftambulanse.no/historie.aspx |archive-date=2008-06-26 }}

The regional airport service was introduced in the 1960s, with 30 airports being served by short take-off and landing aircraft. These are located mainly in Sogn og Fjordane and Northern Norway, in areas with long distances to large cities and with too little traffic to support commercial flights. The airports, which typically have an {{convert|800|m|ft}} runway, are run by Avinor, while the airplanes are operated based on subsidized public service obligation contracts with the Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications.Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communication, 2003: 5 by the far largest contractor is Widerøe with their fleet of de Havilland Canada Dash 8 aircraft,{{cite web |url=http://www.wideroe.no/modules/module_123/proxy.asp?D=2&C=416&I=3161 |title=Aircraft |author=Widerøe |access-date=2008-07-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20071212035737/http://www.wideroe.no/modules/module_123/proxy.asp?D=2&C=416&I=3161 |archive-date=2007-12-12 }} but also Danish Air Transport, Lufttransport and Kato Airline have won bids.{{cite web |url=http://www.boarding.no/art.asp?id=18737 |title=Tildeling av einerett for drift av 16 ruteområde |author=Boarding |date=2005-11-02 |access-date=2008-07-15 |language=no |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721114627/http://www.boarding.no/art.asp?id=18737 |archive-date=2011-07-21 }} The flights operate from one or more regional airports to larger hubs; in Oslo, Bergen, Trondheim, Bodø, Tromsø and Kirkenes. One service, to Værøy Heliport, is served by helicopter.{{cite web|url=http://www.lufttransport.no/Lufttransport.nsf/unid/A78EFB93796E70CEC1256D91004270C5?opendocument |title=Ruteflyvning Bodø – Værøy v.v. |author=Lufttransport |access-date=2008-07-15 |language=no |author-link=Lufttransport |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070609130715/http://www.lufttransport.no/Lufttransport.nsf/unid/A78EFB93796E70CEC1256D91004270C5?opendocument |archive-date=June 9, 2007 }} 1,214,508 passengers passed through the regional airports in 2012.

File:NSB Class 73 and 93 at Dombås.jpg type 73A at Dombås Station]]

{{main|Rail transport in Norway}}

The main railway network consists of {{convert|4114|km|mi}} of standard gauge lines, of which {{convert|242|km|mi}} is double track and {{convert|64|km|mi}} high-speed rail (210 km/h) while 62% is electrified at {{15 kV AC}}. The railways transported 56,827,000 passengers 2,956 million passenger kilometers and 24,783,000 tonnes of cargo 3,414 million tonne kilometers.Norwegian National Rail Administration, 2008: 4

The main long-haul network consists of lines from Oslo and westwards along the South Coast to Stavanger and over the mountains to Bergen; and north to Åndalsnes and via Trondheim to Bodø. Four lines connect to Sweden, allowing access to the European network.Norwegian National Rail Administration, 2007: 7 The only high-speed line is Gardermobanen, connecting Oslo to The Oslo Airport, Gardermoen, but plans exist to build more high-speed lines in Eastern Norway,{{cite web |url=http://www.jernbaneverket.no/prosjekter/pagaende/vestfoldbanen/article.jhtml?articleID=1692646 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20070815082031/http://www.jernbaneverket.no/prosjekter/pagaende/vestfoldbanen/article.jhtml?articleID=1692646 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2007-08-15 |title=Modernisering av Vestfoldbanen |author=Norwegian National Rail Administration |date=2008-01-07 |access-date=2008-07-15 |language=no}} and possibly to other parts of Norway.{{cite web |url=http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/sd/tema/Jernbane_og_jernbanetransport/Utredning-av-hoyfartsbaner.html?id=449057 |title=Utredning av høyfartsbaner |author=Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications |access-date=2008-07-15 |language=no |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110521062901/http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/sd/tema/Jernbane_og_jernbanetransport/Utredning-av-hoyfartsbaner.html?id=449057 |archive-date=2011-05-21 }} The entire network is owned by the Bane NOR,{{cite web|url=http://www.jernbaneverket.no/english/about/ |title=About |author=Norwegian National Rail Administration |access-date=2008-07-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071216163640/http://www.jernbaneverket.no/english/about |archive-date=December 16, 2007 }} while domestic passenger trains are operated by the Airport Express Train, Go-Ahead Nordic, SJ Norge and Vy.Norwegian National Rail Administration, 2008: 13 Several companies operate freight trains.Norwegian National Rail Administration, 2008: 16

File:Nationaltheatret station Oslo.jpg is the backbone of public transport in Oslo, here at Nationaltheateret metro station.]]

Investment in new infrastructure and maintenance is financed through the state budget, and subsidies are provided for passenger train operations.{{cite web |url=http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/sd/tema/kollektivtransport.html?id=1387 |title=Kollektivtransport |author=Norwegian Ministry of Transport |access-date=2008-07-15 |language=no}} NSB operates long-haul trains, including night trains, regional services and four commuter train systems, around Oslo, Trondheim, Bergen and Stavanger.{{cite web |url=http://www.nsb.no/about_nsb/train_facts/ |title=Train facts |author=NSB |access-date=2008-07-15 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080612161348/http://www.nsb.no/about_nsb/train_facts/ |archive-date = 2008-06-12 |author-link=Vy}}

Tramways operate in Oslo, Trondheim and Bergen. The only rapid transit system is the Oslo T-bane, while the only funicular is in Bergen. The rail transits are operated by the counties, and the ticket system is integrated into the bus transport. In Oslo the two systems make the backbone of the Ruter public transport system, giving Oslo by far the highest public transport share of 20%.{{cite web|url=http://www.sporveien.no/Pressesenter/169/1383/ |title=Sterk kollektivvekst og kollektivandel |author=Oslo Sporveier |date=2006-08-30 |access-date=2008-07-15 |language=no |author-link=Oslo Sporveier |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071114014413/http://www.sporveien.no/Pressesenter/169/1383/ |archive-date=November 14, 2007 }} Local trains on the railway is operated by NSB, but monthly passes are integrated into the local transit ticket system.

In 2007, 101 million passengers were transported 490 million passenger kilometers by rail transit.{{cite web|url=http://www.ssb.no/emner/10/12/kolltrans/tab-2008-01-03-04.html |title=Bane, ekslusive NSB |author=Statistics Norway |date=2008-01-03 |access-date=2008-07-15 |language=no |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090101213505/http://www.ssb.no/emner/10/12/kolltrans/tab-2008-01-03-04.html |archive-date=January 1, 2009 }}Norwegian National Rail Administration, 2007: 12–13

{{See also|Road signs in Norway|Vehicle registration plates of Norway|Plug-in electric vehicles in Norway}}

Norway has a road network of {{convert|92946|km|mi}}, of which {{convert|72033|km|mi}} are paved and {{convert|664|km|mi}} are motorway.{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/norway/ |title=Norway |author=Central Intelligence Agency |year=2008 |access-date=2008-07-15 |author-link=Central Intelligence Agency}} There are four tiers of road routes; national, county, municipal and private, with national and primary county roads numbered en route. The most important national routes are part of the European route scheme, and the two most prominent are the E6 going north-south through the entire country, while E39 follows the West Coast. An improved E39 coastal highway is currently under development to improve the route and reduce the driving time from 21 hours. It is expected to be completed in 2033 with a series of new tunnels and bridges, including Rogfast, a {{convert|27|km}} under sea tunnel that will link Stavanger and Haugesund.{{Cite web|url=https://www.theb1m.com/video/norways-47bn-coastal-highway|title=Norway's $47BN Coastal Highway}} National and county roads are managed by the Norwegian Public Roads Administration.Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications, 2003: 15

File:Gjemnesbrua-Norway.JPG is part of the Kristiansund Mainland Connection.]]

Motorways exist around the largest cities; many of the larger cities have introduced toll schemes to help finance roads.{{cite web |url=http://design.open.ac.uk/potter/documents/NorwayTP.pdf |title=Norway's urban toll rings: evolving towards congestion charging? |author=Ieromanachou, Potter and Warren |access-date=2008-07-16}} In 2008, 130 ferry routes remained in service, operated by private companies on contract with the Public Roads Administration.Norwegian Public Roads Administration, 2008: 7 Since the 1970s the heaviest rural investments have been mainland connections to replace the many car ferries that are needed to cross fjords and connect to islands. There are not enough funding through tax money, so these tunnels and bridges are normally financed mainly through toll fees.{{cite web|url=http://www.norvegfinans.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects.exe/norveg.woa/wa/selectDASub1page?sub1pageID=70&langID=1 |title=Bompengeanlegg |author=Norvegfinans |access-date=2008-07-16 |language=no |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929001807/http://www.norvegfinans.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects.exe/norveg.woa/wa/selectDASub1page?sub1pageID=70&langID=1 |archive-date=September 29, 2007 }} Some mountain passes have severe snowstorm problems in the winter, so often they have to be closed, or cars have to drive after a snowplow in a column.{{cite web |url=http://www.vegvesen.no/cs/Satellite?cid=1157615706672&pagename=vegvesen/SVVartikkel/SVVartikkelMedRelatert&c=SVVartikkel |title=Kolonnekjøring |author=Norwegian Public Road Administration |access-date=2008-07-16 |language=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080502190440/http://www.vegvesen.no/cs/Satellite?cid=1157615706672&pagename=vegvesen%2FSVVartikkel%2FSVVartikkelMedRelatert&c=SVVartikkel |archive-date=2008-05-02 |url-status=dead }} The most exposed mountain passes are closed the entire winter.

File:Nissan Leaf in bus lanes Norway.jpgs per capita in the world.]]

In 2007 there were 2.6 million automobiles in Norway, or 444 per 1000 residents, an increase of 27% the last ten years—average age was 10.2 years. Road accidents killed 242 people and road transport caused 20% of greenhouse gas emissions. Between 2007 and 2011, diesel cars constituted over 70% of new cars, and fell to 40% in 2015.{{cite web|url= http://www.acea.be/statistics/tag/category/share-of-diesel-in-new-passenger-cars |title=Share of Diesel in New Passenger Cars - Click Norway, mouseover for numbers |publisher=European Automobile Manufacturers Association |date=25 April 2016 |access-date=24 January 2017}} Trucks transported 264 million tonnes 15 billion tonne kilometers.{{cite web|url=http://www.ssb.no/lbunasj/tab-2008-07-02-01.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120910132811/http://www.ssb.no/lbunasj/tab-2008-07-02-01.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-09-10 |title=Lastebilundersøkelsen |author=Statistics Norway |access-date=2008-07-16 |language=no }}

Norway has the world's largest registered stock of plug-in electric vehicles per capita, with Oslo recognized as the EV capital of the world.{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/motoring/electric-cars-take-off-in-norway-2284439.html|title=Electric cars take off in Norway|author=Agence France-Presse|author-link=Agence France-Presse|work=The Independent|date=2011-05-15|access-date=2011-10-09|archive-date=2011-05-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110517153515/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/motoring/electric-cars-take-off-in-norway-2284439.html|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url=http://www.avere.org/www/newsMgr.php?action=view&frmNewsId=611§ion=&type=&SGLSESSID=tqiice0pmjdclt7l4q0s3s1o27|title=Norwegian Parliament extends electric car {{sic|nolink=y|iniatives}} until 2018|author=European Association for Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (AVERE)|publisher=AVERE|date=2012-09-03|access-date=2013-04-10|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131024170630/http://www.avere.org/www/newsMgr.php?action=view&frmNewsId=611§ion=&type=&SGLSESSID=tqiice0pmjdclt7l4q0s3s1o27|archive-date=2013-10-24}}{{cite web|url=http://gronnbil.no/nyheter/eventyrlig-elbilsalg-i-2011-article218-239.html|title=Eventyrlig elbilsalg i 2011|trans-title=Adventurous electric vehicle sales in 2011|author=Ole Henrik Hannisdahl|publisher=Grønn bil|date=2012-01-09|access-date=2012-01-14|language=no|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207090813/http://gronnbil.no/nyheter/eventyrlig-elbilsalg-i-2011-article218-239.html|archive-date=2012-02-07}} See table "Elbilsalg i 2011 fordelt på måned og merke" (Electric vehicle sales in 2011, by month and brand) to see monthly sales for 2011. In March 2014, Norway became the first country where over 1 in every 100 passenger cars on the roads is a plug-in electric.{{cite web|url=http://www.gronnbil.no/nyheter/elbilsalget-i-mars-slo-alle-rekorder-article380-239.html|title=Elbilsalget i mars slo alle rekorder|language=no|trans-title=Electric vehicle sales in March broke all records|author=Staff|publisher=Grønn bil|date=2014-04-02|access-date=2014-04-03|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140405182251/http://www.gronnbil.no/nyheter/elbilsalget-i-mars-slo-alle-rekorder-article380-239.html|archive-date=2014-04-05}} Norway's fleet of electric cars is one of the cleanest in the world because almost 100% of the electricity generated in the country comes from hydropower.{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cars-norway-idUSBRE92C0K020130313 |title=Norway shows the way with electric cars, but at what cost? |author=Alister Doyle and Nerijus Adomaitis |work=Reuters |date=2013-03-13 |access-date=2013-03-15 |archive-date=2013-03-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130315054320/http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/03/13/us-cars-norway-idUSBRE92C0K020130313 |url-status=live }} {{As of|2014|12|post=,}} a total of 43,442 plug-in electric vehicles were registered in Norway, of which, almost 95% are all-electric vehicles.{{cite web |url=http://www.gronnbil.no/statistikk/ |title=Ladbare biler i Norge des, 2014 |language=no |trans-title=Rechargeable cars in Norway December 2014 |publisher=Grønn bil |date=January 2015 |access-date=2015-01-27 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150117122144/http://www.gronnbil.no/statistikk/|archive-date=2015-01-17}} Click on the bar graph {{lang|no|Registrerte biler|italic=no}} and select {{lang|no|12 mnd|italic=no}} for registrations for each year. Registrations include new and used imports. Move the mouse over each bar to show the sales split between all-electric and plug-in hybrids by year. The Norwegian plug-in electric segment has the world's highest market share of new car sales, with 5.6% in 2013, and 12.5% {{as of|2014|alt=in 2014|post=.}}{{cite web |url=http://www.hybridcars.com/top-6-plug-in-car-adopting-countries/ |title=Top 6 Plug-In Vehicle Adopting Countries |author=Jeff Cobb |publisher=HybridCars.com |date=2014-01-16 |access-date=2015-01-28 |archive-date=2015-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221092202/http://www.hybridcars.com/top-6-plug-in-car-adopting-countries/ |url-status=dead }}

{{Clear}}

Each county is responsible for the public bus and boat transport in their area,{{cite web |url=http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/sd/tema/kollektivtransport/Lokal-kollektivtransport.html?id=426187 |title=Lokal kollektivtransport |author=Norwegian Ministry of Transport |access-date=2008-07-15 |language=no}} (railways, regional airlines and the Coastal Express boat, are financed by the state). Buses transported 290 million passengers 3.7 billion passenger kilometers in 2007.{{cite web|url=http://www.ssb.no/emner/10/12/kolltrans/tab-2008-01-03-01.html |title=Kollektivtransport |author=Statistics Norway |date=2008-01-03 |access-date=2008-07-15 |language=no |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090101213241/http://www.ssb.no/emner/10/12/kolltrans/tab-2008-01-03-01.html |archive-date=January 1, 2009 }} 6,194 buses were in operation during 2007; tickets sales was NOK 3,721 million while bus transport received government subsidies of NOK 3,393 million.{{cite web|url=http://www.ssb.no/kolltrans/tab-2008-01-03-02.html |title=Buss |author=Statistics Norway |date=2008-01-03 |access-date=2008-07-16 |language=no |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090101213306/http://www.ssb.no/kolltrans/tab-2008-01-03-02.html |archive-date=January 1, 2009 }}

Bus and passenger boat services are normally operated by private companies on contract with the county or their public transport authority (such as Ruter or Vestviken Kollektivtrafikk). Tickets and tickets prices are organised by these authorities. Some of them have special brand names and connected painting of the buses, especially in bigger cities. Other counties, especially smaller, don't use brand names and let the operators decide bus paint.

Long-haul coach services are operated by various companies, most of whom cooperate through NOR-WAY Bussekspress.{{cite web |url=http://nor-way.no/wsp/nbe/frontend.cgi?session=d0e5ccde8f8843e7778e7f8c97e78f&func=publish.show&table=PUBLISH&func_id=1116&asubmenu=1116 |title=Selskapene |author=NOR-WAY Bussekspress |access-date=2008-07-15 |language=no |author-link=NOR-WAY Bussekspress }}{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }} In Northern Norway (mostly from Fauske Municipality and further north) long-haul buses are operated by the counties.

Image:Honningsvåg2.JPG in Honningsvåg.]]

Image:BW Fjord an Glameyer Stack 2007-12-15.JPG Fjord is one of many Norwegian ships that operate abroad.]]

The coastal infrastructure is operated by the Norwegian Coastal Administration,{{cite web |url=http://www.kystverket.no/?did=9103236 |title=The Norwegian Coastal Administration |author=Norwegian Coastal Administration |access-date=2008-07-16 |author-link=Norwegian Coastal Administration}} while ports are operated by the municipalities.{{cite web |url=http://www.kystverket.no/?aid=9085811 |title=Offentlige havner i Norge |author=Norwegian Coastal Administration |access-date=2008-07-16 |language=no}} Norway has {{convert|90000|km|mi}} of shoreline, 400,000 leisure craft and a 715 ships in the merchant marine.

In 2007 Norway was the fifth largest beneficial ship owning country, with 5% of the world's fleet;{{cite web |url=http://www.marisec.org/shippingfacts/worldtrade/top-20-beneficial-ownership-countries.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080318124942/http://www.marisec.org/shippingfacts/worldtrade/top-20-beneficial-ownership-countries.php |url-status=usurped |archive-date=2008-03-18 |title=Top 20 beneficial ownership countries (January 2007) |author=Shippingfacts |year=2007 |access-date=2008-07-16 }} though a high portion of these were registered in flags of convenience, Norway had 15 million deadweight tonnage of ships under its flag.{{cite web |url=http://www.marisec.org/shippingfacts/worldtrade/top-20-largest-shipping-flags.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080318121434/http://www.marisec.org/shippingfacts/worldtrade/top-20-largest-shipping-flags.php |url-status=usurped |archive-date=2008-03-18 |title=Top 20 largest shipping flags (January 2007) |author=Shippingfacts |year=2007 |access-date=2008-07-16 }} The government has created an internal register, the Norwegian International Ship Register (NIS), as a subset of the Norwegian Ship Register; ships on the NIS enjoy many benefits of flags of convenience and do not have to be crewed by Norwegians.{{cite web |url=http://www.nis-nor.no/NIS.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615091344/http://www.nis-nor.no/NIS.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-date=2006-06-15 |title=NIS |author=Norwegian Ship Registers |access-date=2008-07-15 |author-link=Norwegian Ship Registers }}

Car ferries are vital links across fjords and to islands where there are no fixed connections. There are more than one hundred car ferry connections inside Norway. Fast passenger ferries operate many places where fjords and islands make it quicker to follow the waterways than the roads; some small islands are served by water buses. Public transport by ship transported eight million passengers 273 million passenger kilometers in 2007.{{cite web| url=http://www.ssb.no/kolltrans/tab-2008-01-03-03.html| title=Båt| publisher=Statistics Norway| date=2008-01-03| language=no| access-date=2008-07-16| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090101213510/http://www.ssb.no/kolltrans/tab-2008-01-03-03.html| archive-date=1 January 2009}}

With the large amount of hydroelectricity in Norway, battery-electric ferries have been introduction on several routes.{{cite web| url=https://www.ship-technology.com/projects/norled-zerocat-electric-powered-ferry/| title=Ampere Electric-Powered Ferry| publisher=Ship Technology| date=1 June 2015| accessdate=16 January 2023}}{{cite web|url= http://www.tu.no/artikler/batterifergen-har-mattet-sta-over-avganger-na-er-losningen-klar/364633 |title=Batterifergen har måttet stå over avganger. Nå er løsningen klar| publisher=Teknisk Ukeblad| lang=no| date=18 November 2016| accessdate=19 November 2016}}{{cite web| url=https://tersanshipyard.com/en/projects/gloppefjord| title=NB1073 Gloppefjord| publisher=Tersan Shipyard| accessdate=16 January 2023}} Of Norway's 180 ferries on 112 ferry routes, a study by Siemens and the Bellona Foundation identified 127 could be replaced with either fully electric or hybrid ferries.{{cite web|accessdate=16 January 2023|author=James Ayre|date=27 July 2016|publisher=CleanTechnica|title=Feasible to Replace 70% of Norwegian Ferries with Fully Electric or Hybrid Ferries|url=https://cleantechnica.com/2016/07/27/feasible-replace-70-norwegian-ferries-battery-hybrid-ferries-study/}}{{cite web| author=Stensvold, Tore| url=http://www.tu.no/industri/2015/08/14/siemens-lonnsomt-a-bytte-ut-70-prosent-av-fergene-med-batteri--eller-hybridferger| title=Lønnsomt å bytte ut 70 prosent av fergene med batteri- eller hybridferger| publisher=Teknisk Ukeblad| date=14 August 2015| lang=no| accessdate=16 January 2023| archive-date=5 January 2016| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105150735/http://www.tu.no/industri/2015/08/14/siemens-lonnsomt-a-bytte-ut-70-prosent-av-fergene-med-batteri--eller-hybridferger| url-status=dead}} [https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&js=y&prev=_t&hl=da&ie=UTF-8&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tu.no%2Findustri%2F2015%2F08%2F14%2Fsiemens-lonnsomt-a-bytte-ut-70-prosent-av-fergene-med-batteri--eller-hybridferger&edit-text= In English]

The Coastal Express (known as Hurtigruten) operates daily cruiseferries from Bergen to Kirkenes, calling at 35 ports.{{cite web |url=http://www.hurtigruten.com/en/default.aspx?side_id=421 |title=Hurtigruten - The World's Most Beautiful Voyage |author=Hurtigruten Group |access-date=2008-07-16 |author-link=Hurtigruten Group |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080729011128/http://www.hurtigruten.com/en/default.aspx?side_id=421 |archive-date=2008-07-29 }} International car carrying cruiseferries operate from Southern Norway to Denmark, Germany and Sweden.{{cite web |url=http://www.colorline.no/ |title=Color Line |author=Color Line |author-link=Color Line (ferry operator) |access-date=2008-07-16}}

The petroleum and natural gas production on the Norwegian continental shelf uses pipelines to transport produce to processing plants on mainland Norway and other European countries; total length is {{convert|9481|km|mi}}. The government-owned Gassco operates all natural gas pipelines; in 2006, 88 billion cubic meters were transported, or 15% of European consumption{{cite web |url=http://www.gassco.no/sw3046.asp |title=About Gassco |author=Gassco |access-date=2008-07-16 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080226071113/http://www.gassco.no/sw3046.asp |archive-date = 2008-02-26 |author-link= Gassco}}

• Norwegian Air Traffic Control System

{{Reflist}}

• {{cite web |url=http://www.regjeringen.no/Upload/SD/Vedlegg/brosjyre_samferdselsdepartementet_eng.pdf |title=The Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications |author=Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications |year=2003 |author-link=Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120329012601/http://www.regjeringen.no/Upload/SD/Vedlegg/brosjyre_samferdselsdepartementet_eng.pdf |archive-date=2012-03-29 }}
• {{cite web |url=http://www.jernbaneverket.no/multimedia/archive/01821/Jernbanestatistikk_1821829a.pdf |title=Railway Statistics 2007 |website=Jernbaneverket |year=2008|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217042116/http://www.jernbaneverket.no/multimedia/archive/01821/Jernbanestatistikk_1821829a.pdf |archive-date=2008-12-17 }}
• {{cite web |url=http://www.vegvesen.no/cs/Satellite?blobcol=urlpdf&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobheadername1=Content-Disposition%3A&blobheadervalue1=attachment%3Bfilename%3Dpdf_Statens_vegvesen.pdf&blobkey=id&blobtable=SVVvedlegg&blobwhere=1210075240176&ssbinary=true |title=Ferry Statistics 2007 |author=Norwegian Public Roads Administration |year=2008 |language=no |author-link=Norwegian Public Roads Administration }}{{dead link|date=July 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

• {{commons category-inline|Transport in Norway}}
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20090223125257/http://www.ruteopplysningen.no/ Official gateway for all public transit authorities and companies in Norway]
• [http://www.rutebok.no/ Norwegian National travelplanner] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100222013925/http://www.rutebok.no/ |date=2010-02-22 }}
• [http://www.regjeringen.no/en/dep/sd.html?id=791 Ministry of Transport and Communications]
• [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/10/12/transport_en/ Transport] at Statistics Norway

{{Norway topics}}

{{Transportation in Europe}}

{{Motorways in Europe}}

{{Public transport administrators of Norway}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Transport In Norway}}