Transportation in Philadelphia

File:Map of the Original City of Philadelphia in 1682 by Thomas Holme.jpg's A Portraiture of Philadelphia, published in 1682, displays the rectilinear grid layout of Philadelphia's streets]]

The streets of Philadelphia mainly follow a grid plan, one of the first such lay-outs used in a North American city. The grid plan originated in 1682, when William Penn founded Philadelphia and appointed Thomas Holme as his surveyor. Using {{convert|1200|acre|km2}},Mihaly, Mark. [https://books.google.com/books?id=vfFmIBKrWwQC&pg=PA17 Insiders' Guide to Philadelphia], 2007, p. 17. Penn planned a system of organized streets to facilitate future growth. Since Penn survived the Great Fire of London and wanted to avoid similar catastrophes, he laid out streets wider than usual. Penn planned the city to stretch between the Delaware and Schuylkill Rivers, and his grid plan of present-day Center City followed a 22-by-8-block pattern. The plan included a large square in the center of the town (present day location of Philadelphia City Hall), and four public squares near each corner of the city.

Since the initial grid covered only the area of present-day Center City, other settlements such as Kensington developed using different grids. The grid system was gradually extended to other regions of present-day Philadelphia, although several roads predating a grid system still exist. Certain neighborhoods of Philadelphia, such as those in the Far Northeast, do not use grid systems.

When William Penn designed the street grid for the city, he named the east–west streets after trees, four of which have since been named, and the north-south streets after numbers. Major Center City streets include Broad Street, Front Street, Locust Street, and Market Street.

The naming system of the streets differs by neighborhood, although the main north–south streets are numbered in South Philadelphia, West Philadelphia, and Lower North Philadelphia similar to how they are numbered in Center City. On South Philadelphia, east–west streets use the surnames of former governors of Pennsylvania, starting with Reed Street and ending with Pattison Avenue. Several east–west streets in North Philadelphia are named after counties in Pennsylvania. Other streets are named after locally or nationally significant people. During the 20th century, several streets were renamed to honor individuals, such as John F. Kennedy Boulevard, named in tribute of former U.S. president John F. Kennedy.

The system for assigning street addresses was enacted in 1858.[http://chicago.straightdope.com/sdc20090820.php Do other cities have logical street numbering systems like Chicago's?], Straight Dope Chicago, August 20, 2009. In areas with a consistent grid, the street address numbers increase by intervals of 100s for each block, starting with Front Street for east–west streets and Market Street for north–south streets. For example, 1200 South Street would refer to the intersection of 12th & South Street, and 500 North 17th Street is 5 blocks north of Market Street.

File:Philadelphia districts map.png

The main expressways of Philadelphia are the Delaware Expressway (I-95), which travels along the Delaware River, and the Schuylkill Expressway (I-76), paralleling the Schuylkill River for most of its route. Other expressways are the Vine Street Expressway (I-676), running between the Schuylkill Expressway and Delaware Expressway through downtown Philadelphia, the Roosevelt Expressway (US 1), a freeway portion of the Roosevelt Boulevard, and Woodhaven Road, an expressway connecting to I-95 to the south.

{{Further|List of crossings of the Delaware River}}

File:Walt Whitman Bridge Philadelphia.jpg, the longest of several bridges linking Philadelphia and South Jersey]]

Philadelphia is connected to South Jersey across the Delaware River by four bridges, three of which are maintained by the Delaware River Port Authority. The oldest is the Benjamin Franklin Bridge, which opened in 1926, and was the world's longest suspension bridge span until the opening of the Ambassador Bridge in 1929.[http://www.drpa.org/drpa/BFB/index.html Celebrating 80 Years] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121233431/http://www.drpa.org/drpa/BFB/index.html |date=November 21, 2008 }}, Delaware River Port Authority. The Benjamin Franklin Bridge connects Camden, New Jersey with Center City, thus making it a main crossing between Philadelphia and New Jersey. The Benjamin Franklin Bridge carries seven lanes of roadway, two rail lines of the PATCO Speedline, and two pedestrian walkways.

The longest bridge between Philadelphia and New Jersey is the Walt Whitman Bridge, which connects South Philadelphia to Gloucester City, New Jersey. The Walt Whitman Bridge opened in 1957, with a total length of {{convert|11981|ft|m}} and main span length of {{convert|2000|ft|m}}. The bridge carries seven lanes of I-76, and carries approximately 120,000 vehicles per day.{{Cn|date=October 2022}}

Connecting to Northeast Philadelphia are the Betsy Ross Bridge, a six-lane bridge linking the Bridesburg neighborhood of Philadelphia with Pennsauken, New Jersey, and the Tacony–Palmyra Bridge, a three-lane drawbridge spanning the Delaware River between the Tacony neighborhood of Philadelphia and Palmyra, New Jersey.

{{Further|List of crossings of the Schuylkill River}}

File:Philadelphia South Street Bridge.jpg links University City with Center City]]

The Schuylkill River, a main tributary of the Delaware River, is crossed by 20 roads in Philadelphia. The oldest bridges were built and operated by private companies, and were initially wooden until the advent of iron and steel bridges. The Market Street Bridge, opened in 1805,pprint of Aitken, Jane. [https://books.google.com/books?id=mWkOAAAAYAAJ A Statistical Account of the Schuylkill Permanent Bridge, Commenced September 5th 1801, Opened January 1st, 1805], 1807. (p.67) was the first permanent bridge across the Schuylkill River. West Philadelphia has many bridges spanning across the Schuylkill River, including three expressways. University City is connected to Center City by five surface roads.

File:Elfreth's Alley.JPG, one of the oldest continuously inhabited residential streets in the country]]

Like most larger American cities built out well before WWII, Philadelphia has a densely packed, highly walkable urban core, surrounded primarily by suburbs where single-family homes predominate. It was also an early innovator in that respect: Philly's well-known Main Line suburbs were constructed in tandem with the completion of the Main Line railroad connecting the suburbs with Center City, though at the time the Main Line primarily served as a "country home" destination for the urban elite. The city's SEPTA public transportation network offers a variety of transit options, including subways, buses, trolleys, and commuter rail. As of 2019, Philadelphia was the second most traffic-congested city in the U.S.{{cite web |url=https://inrix.com/press-releases/2020-traffic-scorecard-us/ |publisher=INRIX |title=INRIX: Downtown Travel Plummets 44% in 2020 amid COVID-19 Pandemic |access-date=June 12, 2023}}

Unlike other major East Coast cities, such as New York City and Boston, Center City Philadelphia, originally the core of Philadelphia's white-collar workforce, has seen a marked decline in jobs, as companies have gradually relocated to the suburbs. As of 2019, Center City had approximately 180,000 daily commuters from the suburbs. Center City had 23% fewer jobs as of 2021 than it did in 1970.{{cite web |url=https://www.phillymag.com/news/2021/06/05/philadelphia-commuters/ |website=phillymag.com |publisher=Philadelphia Magazine |title=What Will Happen to Center City If Commuters Never Return? |access-date=June 12, 2023}} Further, an even larger percentage of Philadelphia's population reverse-commutes to jobs in the suburbs; as of 2018, at least 260,000 people did so each week, and 41% of the city's population is employed in its suburbs.{{cite web |url=https://www.phillymag.com/news/2021/06/05/philadelphia-commuters/ |website=phillymag.com |title=What Will Happen to Center City If Commuters Never Return |publisher=Philadelphia Magazine |access-date=June 12, 2023}}

In 2020 and 2021, SEPTA ridership plummeted 85% as a result of quarantining and stay-at-home orders.{{cite web |url=https://www.phillymag.com/news/2021/06/05/philadelphia-commuters/ |website=phillymag.com |publisher=Philadelphia Magazine |title=What Will Happen to Center City If Commuters Never Return? |access-date=June 12, 2023}} While its ridership increased significantly in 2022, SEPTA still has less than half of its annual pre-COVID ridership.{{cite web |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/1294588/philadelphia-septa-network-total-annual-ridership/#:~:text=In%20the%202022%20fiscal%20year,increase%20of%20around%2039%20percent. |website=statista.com |title=Annual number of paid passengers transported by the Philadelphia transit authority (SEPTA) from 2012 to 2022 |access-date=June 12, 2023}}

Unlike most other large American cities, Philadelphia has no network of dock less e-scooters available to rent. The city has greatly expanded its network of bike lanes, however, and its Indego docked-bike sharing network – which debuted in 2015 with 60 stations and 600 bikes – now has 213 stations and a total of 2,200 bikes, including some electric-assist versions introduced in 2019.{{cite web |url=https://whyy.org/articles/philly-bike-share-indego-expansion/ |website=WHYY |publisher=NPR |title=Philly bike share Indego details expansion plans after eight years of operations |access-date=June 12, 2023}}

File:Suburban Station 3.jpg]]

Philadelphia has a {{convert|3.5|mi|adj=on}}[http://www.centercityphila.org/pressroom/prelease102708.php Pressroom], Center City District/Central Philadelphia Development Corporation. underground transit concourse in Center City, which connects the SEPTA Regional Rail lines with local rail and trolley lines. Throughout the entire concourse are underground entrances to adjacent buildings, as well as the "MetroMarket," a group of small shops and eateries near Suburban Station. Within the underground concourse, it is possible to walk between 8th Street & Market and 18th Street & JFK Boulevard, or from City Hall to Locust Street.

File:Schuylkill River Trail 2018.jpg]]

Philadelphia has several multi-use river trails. A segment of the Schuylkill River Trail passes along the Schuylkill River from Locust Street northward to Valley Forge, near the King of Prussia mall. In Philadelphia, most of the trail runs through Fairmount Park. The trail to Valley Forge totals {{convert|10.5|mi}},[http://www.schuylkillriver.org/trail_pages/first_map_paths.pdf First Map Paths], Schuylkill River Trail. and when completed, will total {{convert|140|mi|km}} to Hamburg, Pennsylvania.

The Wissahickon Trail branches off from the Schuylkill River Trail and runs along the Wissahickon Creek, terminating near Germantown Avenue. The Pennypack Trail runs along the Pennypack Creek, from the Delaware River to Fox Chase Farm. Sections of the Cobbs Creek and Tacony Creek also have trails.

File:Philly Indego Bikeshare.jpg bike share]]

Public bicycle sharing system service Indego serves Philadelphia at 125 stations with 1,000 bikes. As of 2025, the system operates 250 stations and over 2,000 bicycles.{{cite web|url=https://www.rideindego.com/|title=Ride Indego homepage|date=January 3, 2025|access-date=January 3, 2025}} The system is operated by Bicycle Transit Systems, a Philadelphia-based company, with bikes provided by B-cycle and stations as well as bicycles owned by the City of Philadelphia.

{{main|SEPTA City Transit Division surface routes|Trolleybuses in Philadelphia}}

File:WTP2 Mike Reali 10g.jpg

SEPTA lists 117 bus routes[http://www.septa.org/media/guide/pdf/2009.pdf SEPTA Media Guide] throughout Southeastern Pennsylvania, with most routes being within Philadelphia. Some of SEPTA's bus routes run 24 hours a day ("Night Owl" service), although most routes end by late night. SEPTA's bus service consists of its City Division routes within Philadelphia and parts of the suburbs and Suburban Division routes in the suburbs. The Suburban Division consists of the Victory ("Red Arrow") District for routes in Chester, Delaware, and Montgomery Counties, and the Frontier District for buses in Chester, Montgomery, and Bucks Counties. Other bus routes are its Regional Rail connector routes, the "Night Owl" bus service replacing the Market-Frankford and Broad Street subway lines during their closure, and other specialized services. SEPTA leases buses for third-party charter routes, and runs the charter buses for the School District of Philadelphia.

The City Transit Division runs 76 bus routes (including three trackless trolley routes), and the Suburban Division runs 44 bus routes. In 2009, SEPTA had a fleet of 1153 revenue buses for its City Transit Division, and 262 revenue buses for its Suburban Division.[http://www.septa.com/inside/reports/Operating_facts.pdf SEPTA Operating Facts], SEPTA. Accurate as of fiscal year 2009 (year ended 6/30/09). {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081118115230/http://www.septa.com/inside/reports/Operating_facts.pdf |date=November 18, 2008 }}

SEPTA currently operates trackless trolleys on Routes 59, 66, and 75. Routes 59 and 75 are connected to the Market-Frankford Line at Arrott Transportation Center Station, near the terminus of the Market-Frankford Line. Route 59 travels primarily along Castor Avenue through Northeast Philadelphia, and terminates at the end of Castor Avenue, near Pennypack Park. Route 75 travels along Wyoming Avenue, and connects to Wyoming Station of the Broad Street Line, ending at Wayne Junction in Nicetown. Route 66 connects to the Market-Frankford Line at the Frankford Transportation Center, and extends along Frankford Avenue to the extremity of Northeast Philadelphia.

SEPTA formerly ran trackless trolleys along Routes 29 and 79 in South Philadelphia, but replaced those services with diesel buses in 2003. In October 2006, the SEPTA board voted not to order additional vehicles for Routes 29 and 79, making them permanent diesel bus routes.Trolleybus Magazine No. 280 (July-Aug. 2008), p. 95.

Image:NJ Transit Flxible Metro-B 3085.jpg.]]

{{seealso|List of NJ Transit bus routes (400–449)}}

NJ Transit operates bus routes from Philadelphia via the Walter Rand Transportation Center to various New Jersey locations.{{cite web|url=https://www.njtransit.com/philly|title=City Pass – Philly}}

{{main|Philly Phlash}}

File:Krapf Bus New Flyer Industries Midi (MD35) 1415 Phlash bus.jpg

The Philly PHLASH Downtown Loop is a visitor-friendly public transit service in Philadelphia, managed by the Independence Visitor Center Corporation (IVCC).{{cite web|url=http://billypenn.com/2016/03/25/youll-never-believe-who-kept-the-philly-phlash-from-shutting-down/ |title=You'll never believe who kept the Philly Phlash from shutting down |first=Danya |last=Henninger |date=March 25, 2016 |website=Billy Penn at WHYY}} PHLASH vehicles are ADA-compliant, temperature-controlled New Flyer MiDi buses. The IVCC contracted Krapf Transit to manage vehicle operations.

{{main|SEPTA Metro}}

File:SEPTA Drexel Station at 30th Street entrance (cropped).jpg

SEPTA Metro is an urban rail transit network in and around Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, operated by the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA). The network includes two rapid transit lines, a light metro line, a suburban trolley line with 2 branches, a surface-running streetcar line, and a subway–surface trolley line with 5 branches, totaling {{convert|78|mi|km}}{{efn|Network mileage is calculated from one-way route mileage listed under "LRV" [{{convert|41|mi|km}}], "NHSL" [{{convert|13|mi|km}}], "MFSE" {{convert|13|mi|km}}, and "BSS" [{{convert|11|mi|km}}]{{cite web|url=https://planning.septa.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Operating-Facts-FY2019.pdf|title=SEPTA Operating Facts: Fiscal Year 2019|page=5|date=2019|publisher=SEPTA|access-date=July 15, 2024|archive-date=May 4, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504052314/https://planning.septa.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Operating-Facts-FY2019.pdf|url-status=live}}|name=fn2}} of rail service.

Philadelphia has the third-oldest subway system in the United States, dating back to its opening in 1907.Jackson, Joseph. [https://books.google.com/books?id=-Jg-AAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA201 Market street, Philadelphia: the most historic highway in America, its merchants and its story], 1918, p. 201. Operated by the Philadelphia Rapid Transit Company until 1939Springirth, Kenneth C. [https://books.google.com/books?id=LSC-XxNb5QYC&pg=PA9 Suburban Philadelphia Trolleys], 2007, p. 9. and the Philadelphia Transportation Company until 1968,Springirth, Kenneth C. [https://books.google.com/books?id=LSC-XxNb5QYC&pg=PA73 Suburban Philadelphia Trolleys], 2007, p. 73. the SEPTA subway system consists of two rapid transit systems converging in Center City, and five surface level trolley lines operated in a shared subway through downtown Philadelphia.

The Market-Frankford Line and Broad Street Line combined have the sixth-highest ridership of rapid transit systems in the United States, with a daily ridership of 316,253.American Public Transportation Association, [http://www.apta.com/resources/statistics/Documents/Ridership/2009_q3_ridership_APTA.pdf Public Transit Ridership Report], Third Quarter 2009. The rapid transit system has a total length of {{convert|25|mi|km}} and 50 stations. Feeder trolley and bus systems connect to the terminals of the Market-Frankford Line. At 69th Street Transportation Center, the Norristown High Speed Line, and the Media–Sharon Hill Line connect to nearby suburbs, and a large bus depot handles SEPTA suburban bus routes. Near the eastern terminus of the Market-Frankford Line, three trackless trolley lines and multiple diesel bus lines converge. In addition, several regional rail lines stop at the Fern Rock Transportation Center of the Broad Street Line.

The Subway–Surface Trolley Lines are the remnants of an extensive pre-World War II streetcar system, similar to the Boston Green Line and San Francisco Muni Metro. The trolley lines were originally run by different companies, until their consolidation by the Philadelphia Rapid Transit Company in 1906.Springirth, Kenneth C. [https://books.google.com/books?id=sZCovswOeIwC&dq=inauthor%3A%22Kenneth%20C.%20Springirth%22&pg=PA91 Southeastern Pennsylvania Trolleys], 2008, p. 91. The trolleys run in a tunnel from the Drexel University and University of Pennsylvania campuses to a loop around City Hall. Unlike light rail systems with articulated vehicles, the trolley lines use vehicles closer in size to classic PCC streetcars (although an order for 130Alstom Citadis Class 305 five-section articulated light rail vehicles for the city and suburban trolley lines is underway as of late 2024).

Route 15, commonly known as the Girard Avenue Trolley, was restored in 2005 after having been operated with buses for 13 years. The 15 line runs along Girard Avenue through Greater Kensington, North Philadelphia, and West Philadelphia. The trolley utilizes restored PCC streetcars, a type of heritage trolley built in the 1930s. The trolleys were rebuilt with added air conditioning and regenerative braking."Philadelphia's PCCs Return to Service." Railway Age. Vol. 205, No. 10, p. 30. October 1, 2005. Route 15 is the only active trolley line in Philadelphia that is not part of the Subway-Surface Trolley Line system.

{{Main|SEPTA Regional Rail}}

File:Suburban Station Facade.jpg, one of three Center City train stations in Philadelphia serving regional rail lines]]

SEPTA Regional Rail division consists of 13 lines with 153 active stations, totaling {{convert|280|mi|km}} of trackage. Each line is named by their station terminals. The core of the Regional Rail system is the Center City Commuter Connection, a four-track tunnel under Center City linking three downtown stations: 30th Street Station, Suburban Station, and Jefferson Station. The Center City Commuter Connection was opened in 1984, built to connect the stub ends of the Pennsylvania Railroad and the Reading Railroad commuter rail systems. All SEPTA trains stop at the three downtown stations, with the exception of the Cynwyd Line.[http://world.nycsubway.org/us/phila/regionalrail.html SEPTA Regional Rail], world.nycsubway.org. Most trains stop at Temple University station, located on the eastern edge of the Temple University campus. Because the tunnel makes the through-routing of trains possible, most inbound trains from one line continue as outbound trains on another line.

{{Main|PATCO Speedline}}

File:PATCO train EB at 8th and Market station.jpeg train eastbound at 8th Street station]]

The PATCO Speedline is a grade-separated system linking Philadelphia to the cities of Camden, Haddonfield, and Lindenwold in New Jersey. The Speedline has a daily ridership of 38,000,[http://www.courierpostonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060711/BUSINESS/607110326 "Card makes change for PATCO riders"] by Eileen Stilwell, Courier-Post, July 11, 2006, retrieved July 11, 2006 and is the primary transit link between South Jersey and Philadelphia. It is operated by the Port Authority Transit Corporation, a subsidiary of the Delaware River Port Authority (DRPA), and is the only rail line in Philadelphia to operate 24 hours a day during the week. According to a study conducted by the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission, 95% of riders are New Jersey residents, and the Speedline carries 47% of New Jersey business commuters with jobs in Center City.[http://www.ridepatco.org/about/history.html PATCO History], Delaware River Port Authority.

{{Main|Atlantic City Line}}

File:30th Street station NJT.jpg train at 30th Street Station]]

NJ Transit operates the Atlantic City Line from 30th Street Station to Atlantic City, New Jersey. Historically run by the Pennsylvania-Reading Seashore Lines, the current line opened in 1989 by Amtrak as the "Gambler's Express" and has been operated solely by NJ Transit since 1996.[http://world.nycsubway.org/us/njtransit/njtac.html Atlantic City Line], world.nycsubway.org. The line has six intermediate stops in New Jersey, with 13-16 departures in each direction per day.[http://www.njtransit.com/pdf/rail/r0090.pdf Atlantic City Line Master File], NJ Transit. Updated November 8, 2009.

{{main|River Line (NJ Transit)}}

File:Riverline At Walter Rand.jpg

The River Line is a hybrid rail (light rail with some features similar to commuter rail) line in Greater Philadelphia that connects the cities of Camden and Trenton, New Jersey's capital. It is so named because its route between the two cities is parallel to the Delaware River.

{{Main|Northeast Corridor|Keystone Corridor}}

File:30th Street Station east entrance from PA 3 WB.jpeg, the main intercity railroad station of Philadelphia and third-busiest Amtrak station in the nation]]

Intercity train service is operated out of 30th Street Station by Amtrak. Amtrak runs most services along the electrified Northeast Corridor, serving a densely urbanized string of cities in the Northeastern United States. Amtrak runs at least 53 trains each weekday on its busiest route: Philadelphia to New York City.[http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/BlobServer?blobcol=urldata&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobkey=id&blobwhere=1249203639297&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobheadername1=Content-disposition&blobheadervalue1=attachment;filename=Amtrak_W02.pdf Northeast Corridor Timetable], Amtrak, effective January 18, 2010.[http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/BlobServer?blobcol=urldata&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobkey=id&blobwhere=1249200707490&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobheadername1=Content-disposition&blobheadervalue1=attachment;filename=Amtrak_Amtrak_Fall_Winter_09.pdf Amtrak System Timetable], Amtrak, Fall 2009/Winter 2010. Regular train service along the Northeast Corridor consists of the Acela Express, a high-speed train between Boston and Washington, D.C., and the Northeast Regional, a local service with northern terminals of either Boston, or Springfield, Massachusetts (using a diesel locomotive), and southern terminals of Washington, D.C., Newport News or Lynchburg, Virginia.[http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer/AM_Route_C/1241245668597/1237405732511 Amtrak - Northeast Regional] Amtrak runs several long-distance rail routes along the Northeast Corridor, including night trains. Long-distance trains run primarily on tracks owned and maintained by private freight railroads, and serve 39 states including the District of Columbia.[http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/BlobServer?blobcol=urldata&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobkey=id&blobwhere=1249200495804&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobheadername1=Content-disposition&blobheadervalue1=attachment;filename=Amtrak_LongDistanceTrains.pdf Amtrak: Long Distance Trains: FY 2008]

Amtrak operates two routes along the Keystone Corridor, connecting Philadelphia to Harrisburg and Pittsburgh. The Keystone Corridor consists of two different segments: the section between Harrisburg and Philadelphia, and the segment west of Harrisburg to Pittsburgh. The eastern segment of the line, owned by Amtrak, is fully electrified and almost completely grade separated. The Philadelphia to Harrisburg section was upgraded to allow for top speeds of {{convert|110|mph|km/h}}.[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSSIB27628520080612 Q&A with Amtrak President Alex Kummant], Reuters. The section west of Harrisburg is a heavy-duty freight railroad owned by Norfork Southern. Regular service on the Keystone Corridor consists of the Keystone Service, which travels between Harrisburg and Philadelphia. After stopping in Philadelphia, certain trains continue along the Northeast Corridor to New York. The western section traverses mountainous terrain, and has obstacles limiting track speeds such as the Horseshoe Curve. The Pennsylvanian, consisting of one train in each direction per day, is the only route between Philadelphia and Pittsburgh.

There are several major transit terminals in the Philadelphia metropolitan area.

Major rail stations include:

• 30th Street Station, which is served by Amtrak, SEPTA, New Jersey Transit, and the SEPTA Metro.
• Suburban Station, which connects SEPTA Regional Rail with SEPTA Metro at 15th Street/City Hall station
• Jefferson Station, which connects SEPTA regional rail with SEPTA Metro and the PATCO Speedline via the 8th Street station
• 69th Street Transportation Center, which is served by SEPTA Metro and buses connecting Philadelphia to the northwest suburbs.
• Walter Rand Transportation Center, which is served by PATCO, NJ Transit River Line and NJ Transit buses connecting Philadelphia to Camden and Trenton and the New Jersey suburbs.

{{Main|Philadelphia Naval Shipyard}}

The former Philadelphia Naval Shipyard is located at the confluence of the Delaware and Schuylkill Rivers. The facility was used as a shipyard for the U.S. Navy until the cessation of military activities on September 27, 1996. The Naval Yard saw extensive use during World War II, when the yard employed a peak of 58,434 civilians and built 53 ships,The Society. History of civil engineering and construction in the Delaware Valley, 1976, p. 157.Dorwart, Jeffery M. and Wolf, Jean K. [https://books.google.com/books?id=djL1oj1DsTAC&pg=RA1-PA80 The Philadelphia Navy Yard: from the birth of the U.S. Navy to the nuclear age], 2001, p. 179-180. including the USS New Jersey and USS Wisconsin.

{{Main|Aker Philadelphia Shipyard}}

File:AkerAmericanShipping Yard.jpg

After the conversion of the Naval Yard for civilian uses, the Norwegian company Kværner rebuilt the western facility for commercial shipbuilding operations in partnership with the City of Philadelphia. Now called the Aker Philadelphia Shipyard, the yard opened in 2000 and delivered its first vessel in 2003.[http://www.akerphiladelphia.com/section.cfm?path=216,226 History], Aker Philadelphia Shipyard Inc. The Aker Shipyard has built twelve ships, and has four vessels under construction.[http://www.akerphiladelphia.com/news.cfm?path=215,229&id=3-1010 Aker Philadelphia Shipyard Delivers Eighth Product Tanker], Aker Philadelphia Shipyard Inc, December 12, 2009.

{{Main|Port of Philadelphia}}

Since 1990, The Port of Philadelphia has been operated by the Philadelphia Regional Port Authority, a state agency created to fund the port infrastructure. The busiest facility of the Port of Philadelphia is the Packer Avenue Marine Terminal, located north of the Walt Whitman Bridge. The facility is serviced by three class-one railroads: CP Rail, CSX, and Norfolk Southern,[http://www.philaport.com/facilities/packer.htm Packer Avenue Marine Terminal], Philadelphia Regional Port Authority. and is located in close proximity to I-95 and I-76.

The Tioga Marine Terminal, located south of the Betsy Ross Bridge, has specialized equipment for handling Chilean fruit and Argentine juice.[http://www.d-r-s.com/files/Philadelphia-Tioga.pdf Tioga Marine Terminal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708215837/http://www.d-r-s.com/files/Philadelphia-Tioga.pdf |date=July 8, 2011 }}, Delaware River Stevedores, Inc. The Port of Philadelphia is one of the Strategic Military Ports of the U.S. Department of Defense, making it one of only 14 ports in the United States permitted to handle the nation's military cargo.[http://www.philaport.com/history.htm PRPA: History], Philadelphia Regional Port Authority.

The Delaware River Port Authority operates a cruise ship terminal at Pier One of the Philadelphia Naval Business Center.[http://www.philadelphiacruiseguide.com/philadelphia_cruise_terminal.html Philadelphia Cruise Port and Terminal], Philadelphia Cruise Guide. No cruise lines are based at the terminal as of 2010, although two cruise lines have scheduled stops in Philadelphia.Loyd, Linda. [http://www.philly.com/inquirer/business/20091223_Philly_has_hopes_to_regain_lost_cruise_business.html Philly has hopes to regain lost cruise business], The Philadelphia Inquirer, December 23, 2009. "The Delaware River Port Authority's 2010 budget shows no cruises are booked at the Philadelphia Cruise Terminal at the Navy Yard, although two cruise lineswill have port calls here next year."

The terminal handled a peak of 35 sailings in 2006,Loyd, Linda. [http://www.philly.com/inquirer/business/20091223_Philly_has_hopes_to_regain_lost_cruise_business.html Philly has hopes to regain lost cruise business], The Philadelphia Inquirer, December 23, 2009. "The cruise business has tailed off from a peak of 35 sailings in 2006 and 32 in 2005 to only eight this year." when the Norwegian Majesty was based at the terminal before it was sold.Loyd, Linda. [http://www.philly.com/inquirer/business/20091223_Philly_has_hopes_to_regain_lost_cruise_business.html Philly has hopes to regain lost cruise business], The Philadelphia Inquirer, December 23, 2009. "In 2008, Norwegian Cruise Line's Majesty made Philadelphia its home, offering 10 sailings that year and eight in 2009. But the Majesty was recently sold."

{{Main|RiverLink Ferry}}

The RiverLink Ferry is a passenger ferry that connects Penn's Landing with the Camden, NJ waterfront across the Delaware River. The ferry provides a way for tourists to reach waterfront attractions on both sides of the river, and it is managed by Hornblower Marine Services for the Delaware River Port Authority.[http://www.bizjournals.com/philadelphia/stories/2005/05/30/daily2.html "New Delaware River ferry tours set to begin"], Philadelphia Business Journal, May 31, 2005

Uber entered the Philadelphia market in June 2012 as a chauffeured limousine service.{{Cite web|title = Uber Launches in Philly TODAY, Though We Have No Idea Why|url = http://philly.curbed.com/archives/2012/06/06/today-uber-launches-in-philly-even-though-we-dont-it-here.php|website = Curbed Philly|date = June 6, 2012|access-date = January 13, 2016}} UberX, which connects riders to drivers, began operating in Philadelphia in October 2014.{{Cite web|title = UberX marks a year operating illegally in Philadelphia|url = http://articles.philly.com/2015-10-25/business/67706328_1_uberx-and-lyft-drivers-uberblack-ubersuv|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160111054441/http://articles.philly.com/2015-10-25/business/67706328_1_uberx-and-lyft-drivers-uberblack-ubersuv|url-status = dead|archive-date = January 11, 2016|website = philly-archives|access-date = January 13, 2016}}

The average amount of time people spend commuting with public transit in Philadelphia, for example to and from work, on a weekday is 93 min. 35% of public transit riders, ride for more than 2 hours every day. The average amount of time people wait at a stop or station for public transit is 16 min, while 27% of riders wait for over 20 minutes on average every day. The average distance people usually ride in a single trip with public transit is 10.3 km, while 27% travel for over 12 km in a single direction.{{cite web|title=Philadelphia Public Transportation Statistics|publisher= Global Public Transit Index by Moovit|url=https://moovitapp.com/insights/en/Moovit_Insights_Public_Transit_Index_USA_Philadelphia_PA-282|access-date=June 19, 2017}} 50px Material was copied from this source, which is available under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License].

{{Main|Philadelphia International Airport}}

File:A view of the Philadelphia Airport.jpg aircraft docked at Terminal F of Philadelphia International Airport in March 2018]]

Philadelphia International Airport (PHL) is the largest airport in the Philadelphia region and the 11th-busiest airport in the world in 2008 in terms of traffic movements.[http://www.airports.org/cda/aci_common/display/main/aci_content07_c.jsp?zn=aci&cp=1-5-54-57_666_2__ Traffic Movements 2008 Final from Airports Council International] Most of PHL is located in Philadelphia proper, while the international terminal and the western end of the airfield are located in Tinicum Township.[http://www.delcotimes.com/articles/2010/01/14/news/doc4b4e94b07fd7f789716352.txt Airport authority bill draws support, ire], Delaware County Daily Times, January 14, 2010.

Philadelphia International Airport is a domestic hub and the primary international hub of American Airlines. American Airlines uses Terminal A West, the international terminal, for flights to Europe and the Caribbean.[http://www.phl.org/pdf/PHL-map.pdf PHL Map] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110329210416/http://www.phl.org/pdf/PHL-map.pdf |date=March 29, 2011 }}, Philadelphia International Airport. Terminals B and C are used exclusively for domestic American Airlines flights, and American Eagle regional flights use Terminal F. Southwest Airlines, a major domestic low-cost airline, began flights to PHL in 2004 despite its business model of utilizing secondary airports. Southwest Airlines operates its flights from Terminal E along with several other airlines. UPS Airlines operates a regional freight hub at the airport.

PHL is connected to Center City by the SEPTA Airport Line, which has four stations throughout the airport and travels to 30th Street Station, Suburban Station, and Jefferson Station in downtown Philadelphia. There is also taxi service to the airport.[http://www.phl.org/taxis_trains.html Taxis & Trains] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209085733/http://www.phl.org/taxis_trains.html |date=February 9, 2010 }}, PHL.org.

{{Main|Northeast Philadelphia Airport}}

Northeast Philadelphia Airport, located in the Ashton-Woodenbridge neighborhood of Northeast Philadelphia, is used for general aviation flights. It is the sixth busiest airport in Pennsylvania,{{Cite web|url=http://www.phl.org/pne/pne.html|title=Philadelphia Northeast Airport|author=Philadelphia Airport System|publisher=City of Philadelphia|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090417061944/http://www.phl.org/pne/pne.html|archive-date=April 17, 2009}} and has two runways. In 2006, the airport had an average of 289 aircraft operations per day, and 203 aircraft based at the airport.{{FAA-airport|ID=PNE|use=PU|own=PU|site=21221.*A}}, effective June 5, 2008

{{Portal|Transport|Philadelphia}}

• History of rail transport in Philadelphia
• Philadelphia Main Line
• {{seclink|Plug-in electric vehicles in Pennsylvania#Philadelphia}}

{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Commons category|Transport in Philadelphia}}

• [http://www.septa.org SEPTA Official Website]
• [http://www.septa.org/schedules/ Schedules]
• [http://www.septa.org/maps/system/index.html Clickable Rail System Map]
• [http://www.phl.org/ Philadelphia International Airport]
• [http://www.phila.gov/streets/index.html Philadelphia Department of Streets]

{{Philadelphia}}

{{Delaware Valley transit}}

{{Authority control}}

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania