Trillium flexipes
{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}}
{{Speciesbox
|image = Trillium flexipes.jpg
|status = G5
|status_system = TNC
|status_ref = {{cite web|publisher=NatureServe|title=Trillium flexipes|work=NatureServe Explorer
|url=https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.146626/Trillium_flexipes|access-date=16 November 2021}}
|genus = Trillium
|species = flexipes
|authority = Raf.
|synonyms_ref = {{WCSP|290639}}
|synonyms =
- Trillium declinatum Gleason 1906, nom. illeg.
- Trillium declinatum f. walpolei Friesner
- Trillium flexipes f. walpolei (Farw.) Fernald
- Trillium gleasonii Fernald
}}
Trillium flexipes, known as the nodding wakerobin, bent trillium, or drooping trillium, is a species of flowering plant in the family Melanthiaceae.{{PLANTS|id=TRFL6|taxon=Trillium flexipes|accessdate=15 December 2015}}{{eFloras |1 |242101992 |Trillium flexipes |volume=26 |last=Case Jr. |first=Frederick W.}}{{cite web |last1=Stritch |first1=Larry |title=Nodding Wakerobin (Trillium flexipes) |url=https://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/plant-of-the-week/trillium_flexipes.shtml |publisher=United States Forest Service |access-date=7 October 2019}} It is found from Minnesota to Ohio, south to Tennessee, with isolated (and sometimes rare) populations in New York, Pennsylvania, Alabama, and other states.{{BONAP |ref |genus=Trillium |species=flexipes}} It is an endangered species in Ontario{{cite web |title=Drooping trillium |url=https://www.ontario.ca/page/drooping-trillium |publisher=Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks |access-date=25 August 2019}} and threatened in North Carolina.{{cite web |title=List of Rare Plant Species of North Carolina |url=https://www.ncnhp.org/documents/2022-rare-plant-list/open |publisher=North Carolina Natural Heritage Program |access-date=1 April 2024}}
Description
T. flexipes is a perennial herbaceous plant that spreads by means of underground rhizomes. In northern areas, the flower tends to hang below the leaves, while central and southern strains have a large erect flower.{{sfnp|Case|Case|1997|p=103}} The flower petals are normally white but can be reddish or maroon. The fruit is rosy red to purplish and fragrant of ripe fruit.
{{Gallery |mode=packed
|Trillium_flexipes_flower_detail.jpg|Typical flower with white petals
|Trillium_flexipes_red_morph_flower_flip.jpg|Variant with red petals
}}
T. flexipes is known to hybridize with other Trillium species. In particular, hybrids between T. flexipes and T. erectum can occur. Indeed, the red-petaled forms of T. flexipes tend to occur in regions where the ranges of both species coincide.{{cite web |last1=Jalava |first1=Jarmo V. |last2=Ambrose |first2=John D. |title=Recovery Strategy for the Drooping Trillium (Trillium flexipes) in Ontario |url=https://www.ontario.ca/page/drooping-trillium-recovery-strategy |website=Ontario Recovery Strategy Series |access-date=23 January 2020 |date=2012}} Hybridization is also suspected between T. flexipes and T. sulcatum.{{sfnp|Patrick|1984|pp=34-35}}
Bibliography
- {{cite book |last1=Case |first1=Frederick W. |last2=Case |first2=Roberta B. |year=1997 |title=Trilliums |location=Portland, Oregon |publisher=Timber Press |isbn=978-0-88192-374-2 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/trilliums00case }}
- {{cite journal |last=Patrick |first=Thomas S. |title=Trillium sulcatum (Liliaceae), a New Species of the Southern Appalachians |journal=Brittonia |publisher=New York Botanical Garden |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=26–36 |year=1984 |doi=10.2307/2806287 |jstor=2806287 |s2cid=85116255 }}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- {{inaturalist taxon |116722}}
- [http://bison.usgs.ornl.gov/api/scientificName/Trillium%20flexipes/arguments/itis Biodiversity Information Serving Our Nation (BISON) occurrence data and maps for Trillium flexipes]{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q3024488}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Plants described in 1840
Category:Flora of Eastern Canada
Category:Flora of the Northeastern United States
Category:Flora of the Southeastern United States
Category:Flora of the North-Central United States
Category:Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque
{{Liliales-stub}}