Triple E-class container ship
{{Short description|Class of large container ships}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}
| {{Infobox ship begin|
| sclass = 2 }} {{Infobox ship image | Ship image = Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller.jpg | Ship caption = Triple E-class container ship {{ship | Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller|ship|2}}
}} {{Infobox ship class overview | Builders = Daewoo Shipbuilding | Operators = Maersk | Class before = {{sclass2|E|container ship|4}} | Class after = | Subclasses = | Built range = | In service range = | Total ships building = 0 | Total ships planned = 31 | Total ships completed = 31 | Total ships cancelled = | Total ships active = 31 | Total ships laid up = | Total ships lost = | Total ships retired = | Total ships scrapped = | Total ships preserved = }} {{Infobox ship characteristics | Hide header = | Header caption = | Ship type = Container ship | Ship tonnage = {{DWT|196,000}} | Ship displacement = 55,000 tonnes (empty) | Ship length = {{convert|399.2|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | Ship beam = {{convert|58.6|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | Ship height = | Ship draught = | Ship draft = {{convert|16|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | Ship depth = | Ship decks = 4 | Ship deck clearance = | Ship ramps = | Ship ice class = | Ship power = | Ship propulsion = Twin MAN 8S80ME-C9 engines, {{convert|29680|kW}} each at 73 RPM | Ship sail plan = | Ship speed = Design cruise: {{convert|16|kn}} Max: {{convert|23|kn}} | Ship capacity = 18,270 TEU | Ship crew = | Ship notes = Cost $185 million }} {{Infobox ship characteristics | Hide header = | Header caption = (2nd generation) | Ship type = Container ship | Ship tonnage = {{DWT|210,019}} | Ship displacement = | Ship length = {{convert|399.2|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | Ship beam = {{convert|58.6|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | Ship height = | Ship draught = | Ship draft = {{convert|17|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | Ship depth = | Ship decks = | Ship deck clearance = | Ship ramps = | Ship ice class = | Ship power = | Ship propulsion = Twin MAN engines, {{convert|31000|kW}} each | Ship sail plan = | Ship speed = | Ship capacity = 20,568 TEU | Ship crew = | Ship notes = }} |
The Triple E class is a family of very large container ships with a capacity of more than 18,000 TEUs, which are owned and operated by Maersk Line.
With a length of {{convert|399.2|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, when they were built they were the largest container ships in the world, but were subsequently surpassed by larger ones such as {{ship||CSCL Globe}}.{{cite news|title=MSC Zoe takes bow in triple-first|url=http://www.lloydslist.com/ll/sector/containers/article465850.ece|access-date=19 August 2015|publisher=Lloyds List|date=3 August 2015}}{{cite news|title=MSC Oscar becomes the world's largest boxship|url=http://www.lloydslist.com/ll/news/article453843.ece|access-date=19 August 2015|publisher=Lloyds List|date=11 December 2014}}
In February and June 2011, Maersk Line awarded Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering two US$1.9 billion contracts ($3.8bn total) to build twenty ships of this class.
The name "Triple E" is derived from the class's three design principles: "Economy of scale, Energy efficiency, and Environmental impact improvement".
The ships are {{convert|399.2|m|ftin}} long and {{convert|59|m|ftin}} wide. While only {{convert|3|m|ftin}} longer and {{convert|4|m|ftin}} wider than the {{sclass2|Mærsk E|container ship|4}}, the Triple E ships are able to carry 2,500 more containers. With a beam of 59 metres, they are too wide to traverse the Panama Canal, but can easily transit the Suez Canal.
One of the class's main design features is its dual {{convert|29.68|MW|adj=on|lk=in}}, eight-cylinder, ultra-long stroke two-stroke diesel engines, driving two propellers at a design speed of {{convert|19|knots}}. This class is by design slower than its predecessors, using a strategy known as slow steaming expected to lower fuel consumption by 37% and carbon dioxide emissions per container by 50%. The Triple E design helped Maersk win a "Most Sustainable Ship Operator of the Year" award in July 2011.
Maersk plans to use the ships to service routes between Europe and Asia, projecting that Chinese exports will continue to grow. European-Asian trade represents the company's largest market; thus it already has 100 ships serving the route.
Orders and history
In February 2011 Maersk announced orders for a new "Triple E" family of container ships with a capacity of 18,000 TEU, with an emphasis on lower fuel consumption.{{cite news|url=https://online.wsj.com/article/BT-CO-20110218-706510.html|publisher=Wall Street Journal (subscription required)|access-date=22 February 2011|title=NORDIC ROUNDUP: Maersk Orders 10 Container Carriers|date=22 February 2011}} They were built by Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering (DSME) in South Korea; the initial order, for ten ships, was valued at US$1.9 billion (2 trillion Korean Won);{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/daewoo-order-idUSSEU00325520110220|work=Reuters|access-date=22 February 2011|title=Daewoo says to win 2 trln won order from Maersk|date=20 February 2011}} Maersk had options to buy a further twenty ships.{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2011/feb/21/maersk-containers-shipping-emissions|newspaper=The Guardian|date=21 February 2011|access-date=1 March 2011|title=Maersk claims new 'mega containers' could cut shipping emissions|location=London|first=John|last=Vidal}} In June 2011 Maersk announced that 10 more ships had been ordered for $1.9bn,{{cite web|url=http://www.bairdmaritime.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=10508:maersk-line-contracts-additional-10-triple-e-vessels&catid=66:container&Itemid=57|access-date=14 August 2011|title=Maersk Line contracts additional 10 Triple-E vessels|date=27 June 2011|publisher=Baird Maritime|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120316214449/http://www.bairdmaritime.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=10508:maersk-line-contracts-additional-10-triple-e-vessels&catid=66:container&Itemid=57|archive-date=16 March 2012|url-status=dead}} but an option for a third group of ten ships would not be exercised.{{cite web|url=http://www.lloydslist.com/ll/sector/containers/article373865.ece|access-date=15 August 2011|title=Maersk expects to limit Triple-E fleet to 20 vessels|work=Lloyd's List|date=27 June 2011}} Payment of the ship is "tail-heavy": 40% while the ship is being built, and the remaining 60% paid on delivery.[http://penge.dk/nyheder/finans/maersk-lineceo-hovedbetaling-falder-ved-leverance Pay on delivery] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719130449/http://penge.dk/nyheder/finans/maersk-lineceo-hovedbetaling-falder-ved-leverance |date=2011-07-19 }} Dagbladet Børsen, 22 February 2011. Accessed: 14 August 2011. Deliveries were scheduled to begin in 2013.{{cite magazine|url=http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-02-21/maersk-orders-up-to-30-of-biggest-container-ships-on-trade.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110223135056/http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-02-21/maersk-orders-up-to-30-of-biggest-container-ships-on-trade.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 23, 2011|magazine=Business Week|access-date=14 August 2011|title=Maersk Orders Up to 30 of Biggest Container Ships on Trade|date=22 February 2011}} Maersk negotiated a two-year warranty, whereas the standard is one year.Bennett, Drake. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130908143320/http://images.businessweek.com/photos/2013-09-05/holy-ship#slide1 "Manufacturing Holy Ship"], Bloomberg Businessweek. 5 September 2013. Accessed: 22 September 2013.
Prior to 2010, many Maersk container ships had been built at Maersk's Odense Steel Shipyard in Denmark, but Asian builders had become more competitively priced.{{cite news|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2011%5C02%5C19%5Cstory_19-2-2011_pg5_25|access-date=14 August 2011|title=Daewoo wins $2bn Maersk order, talks on $2bn|date=19 February 2011|newspaper=Daily Times}} Maersk had approached several different builders in Asia, having ruled out European shipbuilders on grounds of cost, and Chinese on technological grounds.[http://www.motorship.com/news101/maersk-orders-10-green-mega-boxships Maersk orders 10 green mega-boxships] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110227083437/http://www.motorship.com/news101/maersk-orders-10-green-mega-boxships |date=2011-02-27 }} The Motorship, 21 February 2011. Accessed: 22 February 2011.[http://dispatchcontrol.com/2011/02/21/new-m%C3%A6rsk-triple-e-ships-worlds-largest-and-most-efficient-waste-heat-recovery-and-ultra-long-stroke-engines-contribute-to-up-to-50-reduction-in-co2container-moved/ New Mærsk Triple-E ships worlds largest and most efficient; waste heat recovery and ultra long stroke engines contribute to up to 50% reduction in CO2/container moved] Dispatch Control, 21 February 2011. Accessed: 22 February 2011. DSME builds three Triple-Es at a time, and it takes little more than a year to produce a ship.
Investment in more efficient ships helped Maersk win the "Sustainable Ship Operator of the Year" award from Petromedia Group's on-line publication sustainableshipping.com in July 2011.{{cite web|url=http://www.fruchtportal.de/aktuelles/lesen/35225/Maersk-Line-gewinnt-Preis-als-Nachhaltiger-Schiffsbetreiber-des-Jahres|access-date=15 August 2011|title=Maersk Line gewinnt Preis als Nachhaltiger Schiffsbetreiber des Jahres|publisher=Fruchtportal.de|date=31 July 2011}}
In 2015, Maersk ordered an additional series of eleven 20,568 TEU second-generation Triple E-class ships, due to be delivered from 2017 onwards. The first ship is the Madrid Maersk. She went on her maiden voyage to Antwerp.{{cite news|title=Maersk Line orders 11 ultra-large container vessels|url=http://www.maerskline.com/en-au/countries/int/news/news-articles/2015/06/orders-11-ultra-large-container-vessels|access-date=19 February 2017|publisher=Lloyds List|date=2 June 2015}}
=Ships=
File:Cargo hold 4 and 3 on one of our new Triple-E vessels.jpg|Section of a Triple E-class ship, under construction
Image:Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller passing Port Said in the Suez Canal on its maiden voyage.jpg|{{ship||Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller|ship|2}}, passing through the Suez Canal
File:MANILA MAERSK at Hamburg.jpg|Manila Maersk inbound Hamburg, Germany in June 2018
File:Monaco Maersk_IMO 9778832_C_Hamburg_27-04-2018_(5).jpg|Monaco Maersk of the 2nd generation (2018 in Hamburg)
Design
File:Maersk Majestic.jpg opened the ship up for public tours for four days. At the time, this was the longest and largest ship in service of any type.]]
=Specifications=
- Capacity: 18,270 TEU{{cite web|url=http://nextbigfuture.com/2011/02/largest-container-ship-will-be-16.html|access-date=14 August 2011|title=Largest container ship will be 16% larger and 20% less CO2and 35% more fuel efficient|date=21 February 2011|publisher=Next Big Future|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222153304/http://nextbigfuture.com/2011/02/largest-container-ship-will-be-16.html|archive-date=22 February 2014|url-status=dead}}
- Length: 399.2 metres
- Draft: 14.5 metres
- Beam: 59 metres
- Height: 73 metres
- Optimum speed: {{convert|19|kn|km/h}}
- Top speed: {{convert|25|kn|km/h}}
- Deadweight: 165,000 tonnes
- In the first 10 vessels engines are twin MAN 8S80ME-C9.2 engines, 8-cylinders, 800 mm bore, 3450 mm stroke, rated at 29.7 MW @ 73 rpm each, with fuel consumption of 168 g/kWh{{cite web|url=http://linervision.wordpress.com/2013/07/02/maersk-line-receives-record-boxship-maersk-mc-kinney-moller-18270-teu/|access-date=10 September 2013|title=Maersk Line receives record boxship MAERSK MC-KINNEY MOLLER (18,270 teu)|date=2 July 2013|publisher=linervision}} ({{convert|21,200|usgal|m3|order=flip|abbr=on}} per day)"[https://web.archive.org/web/20130907055626/http://www.businessweek.com/videos/2013-09-04/worlds-biggest-ship-the-185m-maersk-triple-e World's Biggest Ship: The $185M Maersk Triple-E]" (Video) Bloomberg Businessweek. 5 September 2013. Accessed: 22 September 2013.
- Propellers: Twin propellers, with 4 blades, 9.8 m in diameter{{cite web|url=http://marinelog.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=532:2011feb0002100&catid=1:latest-news&Itemid=107|access-date=14 August 2011|title=Maersk orders ten 18,000 TEU Triple-E containerships|date=21 February 2011|publisher=Marinelog|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130102033818/http://www.marinelog.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=532:2011feb0002100&catid=1:latest-news&Itemid=107|archive-date=2 January 2013}}
=Propulsion=
Unlike conventional single-engined container ships, the new class of ships has a twin-skeg design: it has twin diesel engines, each driving a separate propeller. Usually, a single engine is more efficient, but using two propellers allows a better distribution of pressure, which increases the propeller efficiency more than the disadvantage of using two engines.[http://ing.dk/artikel/116693-teknologisk-bombe-maersks-megaskibe-skal-sejle-med-to-propeller Maersk megaship with two propellers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110223180804/http://ing.dk/artikel/116693-teknologisk-bombe-maersks-megaskibe-skal-sejle-med-to-propeller |date=2011-02-23 }} (in Danish) Ing.dk, 21 February 2011. Accessed: 22 February 2011.
The engines have waste heat recovery (WHR) systems; these are also used in 20 other Mærsk vessels including the eight E-class ships. The name "Triple E class" refers to three design principles: "Economies of scale, energy efficiency, and environmental impact improvement".{{cite web|url=http://www.maerskline.com/link/?page=news&path=/news/news20110221|access-date=14 August 2011|title=Maersk orders largest, most efficient ships ever|date=21 February 2011|publisher=Maersk|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718015212/http://www.maerskline.com/link/?page=news&path=%2Fnews%2Fnews20110221|archive-date=18 July 2011}}
The twin-skeg principle also means that the engines can be lower and further back, allowing more room for cargo. Maersk requires ultra-long stroke two-stroke engines running at 80 rpm (versus 90 rpm in the E class);{{cite news|title=Changes of course in boxship power|url=http://www.motorship.com/features101/engines-and-propulsion/changes-of-course-in-boxship-power|access-date=13 April 2012|newspaper=The Motorship|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120906201907/http://www.motorship.com/features101/engines-and-propulsion/changes-of-course-in-boxship-power|archive-date=6 September 2012}} but this requires more propeller area for the same effect, and such a combination is only possible with two propellers due to the shallow water depth of the desired route.
A slower speed of 19 knots is designed, compared to the 23–26 knots of similar ships. The top speed would be 25 knots, but steaming at 20 knots would reduce fuel consumption by 37%, and at 17.5 knots fuel consumption would be halved.{{cite web|url= http://articles.maritimepropulsion.com/article/Maersk-Orders-10-Triple-E-Class-18000TEU-Container-Ships-1264.aspx |access-date=14 August 2011|title=Maersk Orders 10 Triple-E Class 18,000TEU Container Ships|date=22 February 2011|publisher=Maritime Propulsion}} These slower speeds would add 2–6 days to journey times.{{cite news|url=http://www.cphpost.dk/business/business/51010-maersk-mega-ships-too-big-for-us.html|access-date=14 August 2011|title=Maersk mega ships too big for US|date=22 February 2011|newspaper=Copenhagen Post|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110807061245/http://www.cphpost.dk/business/business/51010-maersk-mega-ships-too-big-for-us.html|archive-date=7 August 2011|url-status=dead}}
The various environmental features are expected to cost $30 million per ship, of which the WHR is to cost $10 million. Carbon dioxide emissions, per container, are expected to be 50% lower than emissions by typical ships on the Asia-Europe route{{cite web|url= http://www.enn.com/business/article/42386 |access-date=14 August 2011|title=Corporate Responsibility and Sustainability News: Huge Maersk Triple-E Ships Get "E" for Effort, and Expense|date=23 February 2011|publisher=Environmental News Network}} and 20% lower than Emma Maersk.{{cite web|url= http://borsen.dk/nyheder/investor/artikel/1/201835/maersk_revolutionerer_containermarkedet.html |access-date=14 August 2011|title=Mærsk revolutionerer containermarkedet|date=21 February 2011|publisher=Dagbladet Børsen}} These are the most efficient container ships per TEU in the world. A cradle-to-cradle design principle was used to improve scrapping when the ships end their life."[http://www.maerskpostdigital.com/h/i/534717-maersk-post-digital-edition-june-2013 Here it comes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131122010617/http://www.maerskpostdigital.com/h/i/534717-maersk-post-digital-edition-june-2013 |date=2013-11-22 }}" page 18, Maersk Post June 2013. Accessed: 22 September 2013.
The Madrid Maersk and subsequent ships in the series use electric motor-generator sets to improve operation.{{cite web|url= https://humansatsea.com/2017/10/05/ges-fuel-efficient-marine-technology-powers-worlds-largest-container-vessels-maersk/ |title=GE's Fuel-Efficient Marine Technology Powers the World's Largest Container Vessels by Maersk - Humans At Sea|date=5 October 2017|access-date=5 October 2017}}
=Dimensions and layout=
File:Bateaux comparaison3.png being the longest container ship at that time]]
The ships were the longest in the world.[http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/rmt2011ch2_en.pdf REVIEW OF MARITIME TRANSPORT 2011] p37, UNCTAD 2011. Accessed: 7 May 2012.{{cite news |url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/newsbook/2011/02/shipping |title=The Danish Armada |newspaper=The Economist|date=February 21, 2011 |access-date=26 February 2011}} They have since been surpassed by other container ships, like the {{MV|Barzan}}, exactly {{Convert|400|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} long. The Triple E series and its competitors often leapfrog each other for capacity as the types are updated with new ships larger than their sisters. For a while, Madrid Maersk with 20,568 TEU had the world's largest capacity until superseded by the 21,413 TEU OOCL Hong Kong.{{cite web|url= http://www.maritime-executive.com/article/madrid-maersk-snatches-record-from-mol-triumph |title=Madrid Maersk Snatches Record from MOL Triumph|access-date=21 April 2017}}
The hull is more 'boxy' with a U cross-section compared to the V-shape of Maersk's E class; this allows more containers to be stored at lower levels so, while the Triple E class is only {{convert|3|m|ft|abbr=on}} wider and {{convert|4|m|ft|abbr=on}} longer, it can carry 2,500 (16%) more containers. The Triple E class can carry 23 rows of containers compared to 22 of the E class, which makes better use of the reach of current terminal cranes.
The deckhouse is relatively further forward, whilst the engines are to the rear; similar to CMA CGM's {{sclass2|Explorer|container ship|4}} of containerships, also built by Daewoo.{{cite web|url= http://shipoftheday.blogspot.com/2010/07/cma-cgm-christophe-colomb.html |access-date=14 August 2011|title=Ship of the Day: CMA CGM CHRISTOPHE COLOMB – Characteristics and pictures of a new ship entering Rotterdam every day|date=15 July 2010}} The forward deckhouse allows containers to be stacked higher in front of the bridge, further increasing capacity while maintaining forward visibility sufficient to comply with SOLAS regulation V/22.
The Triple E-class vessels are operated by a crew of 13, while the even larger Globe class requires 31 on board.{{cn|date=July 2020}}
When the class was ordered, no port in the Americas could handle ships of their size. However, the following suitable ports include Shanghai, Ningbo, Xiamen, Qingdao, Yantian, Hong Kong, Tanjung Pelepas, Singapore, and Colombo in Asia, and Rotterdam, Gothenburg, Wilhelmshaven,{{cite news|title=Second Maersk Line's Triple-E-Class Vessel to Call at EUROGATE in Wilhelmshaven (Germany)|url=http://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/87789/second-maersk-lines-triple-e-class-vessel-to-call-at-eurogate-in-wilhelmshaven-germany/|access-date=23 September 2013|newspaper=World Maritime News|date=28 June 2013}} Bremerhaven, Southampton, London Gateway, Le Havre, Felixstowe, Gdańsk, Antwerp, and Algeciras in Europe. The ships will be too large for the New Panamax-sized locks on the Panama Canal,Frank Pope. "[https://www.thetimes.com/article/bigger-cleaner-slower-the-new-giants-of-the-seas-s9flgqsspzw Bigger, cleaner, slower – the new giants of the seas]" [http://frankpope.co.uk/2011/02/22/bigger-cleaner-slower-the-new-giants-of-the-seas/ Mirror]&[https://web.archive.org/web/20141009211549/http://frankpope.co.uk/2011/02/22/bigger-cleaner-slower-the-new-giants-of-the-seas/ Archive] The Times, February 22, 2011. Accessed: 6 December 2013. and their main route is expected to be Asia-Europe (through the Suez Canal).{{cite web|url=http://www.thb.info/news/single-view/id/maersk-ordert-18000-teu-frachter.html|access-date=14 August 2011|title=Maersk ordert 18.000-TEU-Frachter|date=22 February 2011|publisher=Thb.info|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722000735/http://www.thb.info/news/single-view/id/maersk-ordert-18000-teu-frachter.html|archive-date=22 July 2011}} The draft of the Triple E class is {{convert|14.5|m|ft}}, less than the SuezMax requirement of {{convert|55.9|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} at {{convert|59|m|ft|abbr=on}} beam.{{cite web|url=http://www.suezcanal.gov.eg/Files/2-2010.pdf |access-date=2013-09-10 |title=Suez Canal Authority – Rules of Navigation, table No. 4 |publisher=Suez Canal Authority |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130604114747/http://www.suezcanal.gov.eg/Files/2-2010.pdf |archive-date=2013-06-04 }} Handling equipment at ports was the main constraint on size, rather than the dimensions of canals or straits. The container port handling speed can be 29 moves per hour in Tanger-Med,"[http://www.joc.com/maritime-news/container-lines/maersk-line/maersk%E2%80%99s-triple-e-ship-calls-morocco%E2%80%99s-tanger-med-port_20130909.html Maersk’s Triple E Ship Calls at Morocco’s Tanger-Med Port]" Journal of Commerce, 9 September 2013. Accessed: 22 September 2013. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131029191328/http://www.joc.com/maritime-news/container-lines/maersk-line/maersk%E2%80%99s-triple-e-ship-calls-morocco%E2%80%99s-tanger-med-port_20130909.html Archived] on 29 October 2013. or 37 in Rotterdam (215 per ship)."[http://apmterminals.tumblr.com/post/68963635632/maasvlakte-i-retrofits-cranes Maasvlakte I retrofits cranes]" APM Terminals
Anchor and mooring winch systems are being supplied by TTS Marine.{{cite news|url=http://www.motorship.com/news101/winch-order-for-mega-boxships|access-date=2 January 2012|title=Winch order for mega-boxships|work=The Motorship|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120605193951/http://www.motorship.com/news101/winch-order-for-mega-boxships|archive-date=5 June 2012|url-status=dead}}
Market
Maersk Line planned to use the ships on routes between Europe and Asia. In 2008, there was a reduction in demand for container transport caused by economic recessions in many countries. This left shipping lines in financial difficulties in 2009, with surplus capacity in their ships. Some ships were laid up or scrapped. However fortunately, there was a sudden resurgence of demand for container transport in 2010; Maersk Line posted its largest ever profit,{{cite web|url=http://www.financenews.co.uk/investments/maersk-posts-best-profit-ever/|access-date=14 August 2011|title=Maersk posts best profit ever|year=2011|publisher=Finance News|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319231521/http://www.financenews.co.uk/investments/maersk-posts-best-profit-ever/|archive-date=19 March 2012}} and orders for new ships increased, leading to fresh concerns about future overcapacity.{{Citation
| contribution = Container Shipping Overview
| series = China Shipping Report
| year = 2011
| pages = 7–26
| publisher = Business Monitor International
| url = http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=55432892&site=eds-live&scope=site
| title = Container Shipping Overview
|url-access=registration }} The market was still characterized by overcapacity and decreasing prices for new ships in 2013. China Shipping Container Lines ordered five ships with a capacity of 18,400 TEU from Hyundai Heavy Industries,"[http://www.worldcargonews.com/htm/w20130830.969079.htm UASC places US$1.4B boxship contract] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221222148/http://www.worldcargonews.com/htm/w20130830.969079.htm |date=2014-02-21 }}" World Cargo News, 30 August 2013. Accessed: 1 September 2013. topping the Triple E class, with delivery from late 2014."[http://ciw.drewry.co.uk/features/vessel-ordering-mania-why/#.UiNhitK8Djy Vessel ordering mania – why?] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219063538/http://ciw.drewry.co.uk/features/vessel-ordering-mania-why/ |date=2014-12-19 }}" Container Insight Weekly, 30 June 2013. Accessed: 1 September 2013. United Arab Shipping Company has ordered (also from Hyundai) five slightly larger ships and five ships larger than the Maersk E class. Several other larger ships have been ordered by the industry.{{cite news |first=Tore |last=Stensvold |url=http://www.tu.no/industri/2015/04/10/samsung-setter-ny-rekord-for-containerskip---igjen |title=Samsung setter ny rekord for containerskip - igjen |trans-title=Samsung sets new record - again |work=Teknisk Ukeblad |date=10 April 2015 |access-date=10 April 2015 }}
Slow steaming, as used by the Triple E class, is one way of maximizing capacity and reducing fuel consumption. The order for many big ships is a gamble on Maersk's part that Chinese exports will continue to grow. Lack of market growth in the second half of 2012 caused Maersk to postpone a decision on how to use the Triple E class. Five Triple E-class vessels were to be delivered in 2013, with an impact sometime in 2014 with eight or nine Triple E-class vessels operating.{{cite web|last=KRISTIANSEN|first=Tomas|title=Søren Skou: Vi regner først med Triple-E effekt i 2014|url=http://shippingwatch.dk/Rederier/article5242398.ece|publisher=ShippingWatch|access-date=11 March 2013|date=11 March 2013}} Maersk already uses approximately 100 ships on the Asia-Europe route, which is their most important. SeaIntel expects about 46 ships with more than 10,000 TEU each to be delivered worldwide in 2013.{{cite web|last=KRISTIANSEN|first=Tomas|title=SeaIntel: 46 nye kæmpe containerskibe indsættes i 2013|url=http://shippingwatch.dk/Rederier/article5218937.ece|publisher=ShippingWatch|access-date=11 March 2013|date=25 February 2013}} The construction of newer, larger ships has influenced development plans at ports such as London Gateway and JadeWeserPort in Wilhelmshaven (Germany),{{cite web|url=http://www.dredgingtoday.com/2011/07/27/uk-dp-world-to-spend-usd-2-5-billion-on-london-deepwater-gateway/|access-date=15 August 2011|title=UK: DP World to Spend USD 2.5 Billion on London Deepwater Gateway|work=Dredging Today|date=27 July 2011}} and Algeciras and Tanjung had bigger cranes installed. The maximum number of TEUs carried in one trip was 18,024 in January 2015, in Algeciras, Spain."[http://politica.elpais.com/politica/2015/01/26/actualidad/1422298107_512338.html]"
See also
References
{{reflist|30em}}
External links
{{ external media
| float=right
| width=250px
| image1=[http://ing.dk/galleri/se-billederne-af-triple-e-157108#0 Construction photos].
| image2=[https://www.wired.co.uk/magazine/archive/2014/09/features/ship/viewgallery/338134 More construction photos]
| image3=[http://www.business.dk/transport/saa-maegtig-er-majestic-maersk Diagrams & comparisons]
| image4=[http://www.maerskpress.com/MULTIMEDIA-LIBRARY/ALL-MEDIA/TRIPLE__E Official media library]
| image5=[http://ing.dk/galleri/se-majestic-maersk-ligge-ved-langelinie-162002#0 Triple-E] at Langelinie
| image6=[http://www.dr.dk/Nyheder/Viden/Andre_historier/20130923010802.htm On board] at Gdańsk
| image7=[http://www.business.dk/billede/maersks-mastodont-gaar-under-storebaeltsbroen MMM sailing under] the Great Belt Bridge. [http://ing.dk/galleri/verdens-stoerste-containerskib-passerer-under-storebaeltsbroen-161093#0 Another gallery]
| video1 =[http://ing.dk/video/se-time-lapse-video-af-bygningen-af-maersks-triple-e-containerskib-157109 Time-lapse video]
| video2 =[http://ing.dk/video/se-maersks-triple-e-skib-passere-storebaeltsbroen-161094 MMM sailing under] the Great Belt Bridge
| video3 =[http://ing.dk/video/triple-e-et-samlesaet-af-enorme-proportioner-163658 Production video]
}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20110718114538/http://www.worldslargestship.com/ Making Waves: Maersk's website dedicated to the new family of ships]
- [https://www.flickr.com/photos/maersk/sets/72157625978322129/with/5465153146/ Rendering of the Triple-E class]
- Kremer, William. [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-21432226 "How much bigger can container ships get?"], BBC News, BBC. 19 February 2013.
{{commons category|Mærsk Triple E class ships}}
Category:Container ship classes
Category:Ships of the Maersk Line
Category:Ships built by Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering