Tucano language
{{Short description|Tucanoan language spoken in Brazil and Colombia}}
{{Infobox language
| name = Tucano
| nativename = {{lang|tuo|ye’pâ-masa yee uúku͂sehé}}
| ethnicity = Tucano people
| speakers = 4,600 in Brazil
| date = 2006
| ref = e25
| speakers2 = 7,020 in Colombia (2012), including Pisamira
| familycolor = American
| fam1 = Tucanoan
| fam2 = Eastern
| fam3 = North
| nation = {{flag|Brazil}} (São Gabriel da Cachoeira)
| lc1 = tuo
| ld1 = Tucano
| lc2 = arj
| ld2 = Arapaso
| glotto = tuca1252
| glottoname = Tucano
| glotto2 = arap1275
| glottoname2 = Arapaso
| ELP2 = 1705
| ELPname2 = Arapaso
| map = Tucano.png
}}
Tucano, also Tukano or Tucana, endonym ye’pâ-masa yee uúku͂sehé,{{cite encyclopedia |title=uúku͂sehe (ye’pâ-masa yee uúku͂sehé) |encyclopedia=A Fala Tukano dos Ye’pâ-Masa, Tomo II: Dicionário (versão atualizada, 2019) |date=2019 |last1=Ramirez |first1=Henri |publisher=Inspetoria Salesiana Missionária da Amazônia |location=Manaus|url=https://acervo.socioambiental.org/sites/default/files/documents/TKL00020.pdf|page=194}} is a Tucanoan language spoken in Amazonas, Brazil and Colombia.
Many Tariana people, speakers of the endangered Tariana language are switching to Tucano.
Phonology
= Consonants =
| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" | |
| rowspan="2" |Plosive
!plain |{{IPAlink|p}} |{{IPAlink|t}} | |{{IPAlink|k}} | rowspan="2" |{{IPAlink|ʔ}} |
|---|
| voiced
|{{IPAlink|b}} |{{IPAlink|d}} | |{{IPAlink|ɡ}} |
| colspan="2" |Nasal
|({{IPAlink|m}}) |({{IPAlink|n}}) | |({{IPAlink|ŋ}}) | |
| colspan="2" |Fricative
| |{{IPAlink|s}} | | |{{IPAlink|h}} |
| colspan="2" |Trill
| |{{IPAlink|r}} | | | |
| colspan="2" |Approximant
|{{IPAlink|w}} | |{{IPAlink|j}} | | |
Nasal sounds [m n ŋ] are variants of voiced stops /b d ɡ/ between nasal vowels. Stops may also be heard as prenasalized [ᵐb ⁿd ᵑɡ] after nasal vowels. /w/ can be heard as a nasal bilabial semivowel {{IPAblink|β̞̃}} in the environment of nasal vowels. Allophones of /ɾ/ can be heard as {{IPAblink|ɾ̃}}, {{IPAblink|ɺ}}.{{Cite book|last=West|first=Birdie|title=Phonemic system of Tucano|last2=Welch|first2=Betty|publisher=Norman: Summer Institute of Linguistics of the University of Oklahoma|year=1967|location=Viola G. Waterhouse (ed.), Phonemic systems of Colombian languages|pages=11-24}}Aikhenvald, 1996.
=Vowels=
See also
References
{{reflist}}
=Spanish=
- [http://galeon.hispavista.com/culturasamerica/Tukanos.htm Tukanos]
Bibliography
- A Fala Tukano dos Ye'pâ-Masa: Tomo I: Gramática . Henri Ramirez (1997) · Manaus: Inspetoria Salesiana Missionária da Amazônia, CEDEM.
- Welch, Betty and West, Birdie (2000). In Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva edited by González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa. Instituto Caro y Cuervo.
- Bibliografía de la familia lingüística Tukano (antes Betoya) ( pp. 79-104 ). Marcelino de Castellvi (1939). In Proceedings of the second convention of the Inter American Bibliographical and Library Association 2:2 Washington, D.C.
- Campbell, Lyle. (1997). American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of Native America. New York: Oxford University Press. {{ISBN|0-19-509427-1}}.
- Proto Tucanoan ( pp. 119-149 ). Nathan E. Waltz and Alva Wheeler (1972). In Comparative Studies in Amerindian Languages Mouton de Gruyter.
External links
{{Incubator|code=tuo}}
- [http://www.ailla.utexas.org/search/collection.html?c_id=89 Tucanoan Languages Collection] of Janet Chernela, housed at AILLA, containing audio recordings, transcriptions, translations and field notes from the 1970s and 1980s.
{{Tucanoan languages}}
{{Languages of Brazil}}